Exam 5: Selecting the Ventilator and the Mode

A breath that is patient triggered,pressure targeted,and time cycled is which of the following?

A 68-year-old female admitted for congestive heart failure is in respiratory distress and is being seen by the hospital's medical emergency team in her regular room.The patient is in obvious respiratory distress and is immediately placed on a nonrebreather mask.Physical assessment reveals: pulse 138 and thready; respiratory rate 30,shallow and labored; temperature 37° C; blood pressure 110/68.Breath sounds are bilaterally decreased with coarse crackles on inspiration.EKG shows normal sinus rhythm with widened cardiac output (QT)interval and an occasional irregular beat.No coughing is noted.The arterial blood gas on the nonrebreather mask is: pH 7.34; PCO₂ 46 mm Hg; partial pressure of oxygen in the arteries (PₐO₂)is 52 mm Hg; oxygen saturation is 86%; bicarbonate (HCO₃⁻)is 24 mEq/L.The patient is diaphoretic.The most appropriate ventilator mode to manage this patient initially is which of the following?

A patient arrives in the emergency department following a motor vehicle accident in which the patient sustained a deceleration chest injury.The patient was intubated in the field for airway protection.Physical assessment reveals that the patient is spontaneously breathing at a rate of 16 breaths/min,and breath sounds reveal bibasilar fine crackles at end inspiration.A second arterial blood gas was drawn while the patient was receiving 100% oxygen from an air entrainment large volume nebulizer. The most appropriate recommendation for this patient is which of the following?

Every breath from the ventilator is time or patient triggered,pressure limited,and time cycled.This describes which of the following ventilator modes?

A leak around a patient's ET tube cuff during pressure support ventilation (PSV)will cause which of the following to occur?

The ventilator mode that allows the patient to breathe spontaneously between operator-selected time-triggered volume and pressure-targeted breaths is which of the following?

A hemodynamically unstable patient being ventilated in the volume-controlled continuous mandatory ventilation (VC-CMV)mode is triggering inspiration at a rate of 25 breaths/min and has the following arterial blood gas results: pH 7.50,partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PₐCO₂)30 mm Hg,partial pressure of oxygen (PₐO₂)98 mm Hg,arterial oxygen saturation (SₐO₂)100%,bicarbonate (HCO₃⁻)24 mEq/L.The respiratory therapist should perform which of the following?

An assisted breath in the pressure controlled continuous mandatory ventilation (PC-CMV)mode can be described by which of the following?

A patient has recently been diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea.The most appropriate treatment includes which of the following?

A dual control mode provides pressure-limited ventilation with volume delivery targeted for every breath.If the desired volume is not met the ventilator will volume cycle.This describes which of the following ventilator modes?

A patient,who is nasally intubated,due to facial surgery,has been successful on her spontaneous breathing trial.She currently has moderate hypoxemia,despite a fractional inspired oxygen (FɪO₂)of 40% and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP)of 5 cm H₂O while on volume-controlled continuous mandatory ventilation (VC-CMV).The most appropriate ventilator mode for this patient is which of the following?

A 28-year-old male has arrived in the emergency department following a motor vehicle accident.He has a Glasgow Coma Score of 14.Chest X-ray reveals five ribs broken anteriorly in two areas each.Physical assessment reveals paradoxical movement of the chest.Breath sounds are diminished and the trachea is midline.Arterial blood gas on nonrebreather mask is: pH 7.53,partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PₐCO₂)is 25 mm Hg,partial pressure of oxygen (PₐO₂)is 59 mm Hg,arterial oxygen saturation (SₐO₂)93%,bicarbonate (HCO₃⁻)23 mEq/L.The respiratory therapist should recommend which of the following for this patient?