Exam 8: Initial Patient Assessment

Following initiation of volume-controlled continuous mandatory ventilation (VC-CMV)ventilation,the patient's average peak inspiratory pressure (PIP)is 23 cm H₂O.The high pressure limit alarm should be set at which of the following?

A 6'2" male patient is being ventilated in the volume-controlled continuous mandatory ventilation (VC-CMV)mode with a set tidal volume (Vᴛ)of 650 mL.There is 40 mL of mechanical dead space.Calculate the final alveolar ventilation.

A patient's transairway pressure (Pᴛᴀ)is rising while the plateau pressure (Pₚₗₐₜₑₐᵤ)remains unchanged.The treatment plan that could correct this problem includes which of the following? 1)Administer a bronchodilator. 2)Insert a chest tube. 3)Measure unintended positive end-expiratory pressure (auto-PEEP). 4)Suction airway secretions.

The pressure at which large numbers of alveoli are recruited in a patient with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)is located on the static pressure-volume curve at which of the following points?

The data on the following ventilator flow sheet for a patient being ventilated in the volume-controlled continuous mandatory ventilation (VC-CMV)mode demonstrates which of the following?

A patient's transairway pressure (Pᴛᴀ)is rising while the plateau pressure (P_plateau)remains unchanged.The treatment plan that could correct this problem includes which of the following? 1)Administer a bronchodilator. 2)Insert a chest tube. 3)Increase extrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEPᴇ). 4)Suction airway secretions.

The low-pressure and low-tidal volume alarms are sounding on a mechanically ventilated patient.Measurement of the cuff pressure reveals 18 cm H₂O.What action should be taken?

The flow sheet below,for a patient on pressure-controlled continuous mandatory ventilation (PC-CMV),demonstrates which of the following?

How long after beginning mechanical ventilation on a patient should an arterial blood gas sample be drawn?

The flow sheet below,for a patient on pressure-controlled continuous mandatory ventilation (PC-CMV),demonstrates which of the following?

A 46-year-old male patient is 2 days post-op for surgery to repair an aortic aneurysm.He is currently receiving mechanical ventilation.Auscultation of the anterior and posterior chest reveals bilateral late inspiratory crackles.Percussion is dull in both lower lobes.A STAT radiograph reveals bibasilar infiltrates.The most likely cause of this patient's clinical presentation is which of the following?

Which of the following indicates an increase in airway resistance in a patient receiving mechanical ventilation with a constant tidal volume?

How can the amount of cuff volume/pressure lost in the connecting tube be minimized during cuff measurement using a three-way stopcock,a manometer,and a syringe?

During the course of several patient-ventilator system checks a respiratory therapist notices that the patient's peak inspiratory pressure (PIP)is rising,while the plateau pressure (Pₚₗₐₜₑₐᵤ)has remained the same.This most likely indicates which of the following?

Calculate the volume delivered to the patient when the tubing compliance (Cᴛ)is 2.5 mL/cm H₂O,the tidal volume (Vᴛ)at the exhalation port is 550 mL,and the peak inspiratory pressure (PIP)is 28 cm H₂O.

The static pressure-volume curve shown in the figure indicates the presence of which of the following?

A physical examination of the chest is performed on a patient who is being mechanically ventilated.Breath sounds and percussion are normal except over the right middle lobe,where late inspiratory crackles are heard.This area is dull to percussion.An evaluative chest radiograph image reveals infiltrates in the right middle lobe.Based on these findings alone,which of the following is the most likely problem?