Question 1

One problem with observational research is that it can be very time consuming. However, this problem is minimized by using participant observation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

The multiple-choice questions on this exam are examples of ____ items.

Accepted Answer

A)  open-ended 
B)  restricted 
C)  rating scale 
D)  physiological 
A)  open-ended 
B)  restricted 
C)  rating scale 
D)  physiological

Question 3

The goal of the descriptive research strategy is to describe the relationships that exist between variables.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

What is the purpose for using habituation in an observational research study?

Accepted Answer

A)  It helps ensure the objectivity of the measurements. 
B)  It helps ensure the reliability of the measurements. 
C)  It provides an operational definition for the variables being measured. 
D)  It helps ensure that the people being observed are not influenced by the presence of an observer. 
A)  It helps ensure the objectivity of the measurements. 
B)  It helps ensure the reliability of the measurements. 
C)  It provides an operational definition for the variables being measured. 
D)  It helps ensure that the people being observed are not influenced by the presence of an observer.

Question 5

Nonresponse bias refers to the fact that interviewers may influence a participant's answer by reading a question in one way or another.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Describe the three types of behavioral observation and briefly explain the circumstances under which each is used.

Accepted Answer

Naturalistic observation involves observ

Question 7

What is the main advantage of contrived observation (compared with other types of observational research)?

Accepted Answer

A)  It gives the researcher assurance that the observed behaviors are natural. 
B)  It is less likely that the researcher is influencing the behaviors being observed. 
C)  It is more efficient because the researcher does not have to wait for specific behaviors to occur naturally. 
D)  It is less likely that the researcher will impose subjective interpretations on the data. 
A)  It gives the researcher assurance that the observed behaviors are natural. 
B)  It is less likely that the researcher is influencing the behaviors being observed. 
C)  It is more efficient because the researcher does not have to wait for specific behaviors to occur naturally. 
D)  It is less likely that the researcher will impose subjective interpretations on the data.

Question 8

The idiographic approach to research involves ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  direct observation of individuals without their knowledge 
B)  interviewing people in a small group setting 
C)  the intensive study of one individual 
D)  the study of groups 
A)  direct observation of individuals without their knowledge 
B)  interviewing people in a small group setting 
C)  the intensive study of one individual 
D)  the study of groups

Question 9

Although surveys can be used with a variety of different research strategies, the defining characteristic of the survey research design is that the ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  research is conducted in field settings rather than in a laboratory 
B)  intent is simply to describe behaviors 
C)  intent is to demonstrate a relationship between behavior and other variables 
D)  intent is to explain the causes of the behaviors being surveyed 
A)  research is conducted in field settings rather than in a laboratory 
B)  intent is simply to describe behaviors 
C)  intent is to demonstrate a relationship between behavior and other variables 
D)  intent is to explain the causes of the behaviors being surveyed

Question 10

Bird watching is most similar to what type of research?

Accepted Answer

A)  Experimental 
B)  Participant observation 
C)  Naturalistic observation 
D)  Quasi-experimental 
A)  Experimental 
B)  Participant observation 
C)  Naturalistic observation 
D)  Quasi-experimental

Question 11

A researcher conducts a survey to determine the average number of minutes that college students spend on their smartphones in a typical day. Which research strategy is being used?

Accepted Answer

A)  Descriptive 
B)  Correlational 
C)  Experimental 
D)  Nonexperimental 
A)  Descriptive 
B)  Correlational 
C)  Experimental 
D)  Nonexperimental

Question 12

The general goal of a research study using the descriptive research strategy is to ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  describe an individual person or animal in great detail 
B)  describe a variable or variables as they exist naturally 
C)  measure and describe the relationship between variables 
D)  describe and explain the relationship between variables 
A)  describe an individual person or animal in great detail 
B)  describe a variable or variables as they exist naturally 
C)  measure and describe the relationship between variables 
D)  describe and explain the relationship between variables

Question 13

A case study typically involves the study of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the general public 
B)  people who are genetically related 
C)  a very cohesive group 
D)  one individual 
A)  the general public 
B)  people who are genetically related 
C)  a very cohesive group 
D)  one individual

Question 14

Describe the three types of survey questions and outline the advantages and disadvantages of each.

Accepted Answer

Open-ended questions allow a participant

Question 15

Measuring interrater reliability helps ensure that behavioral observations are objective and are not influenced by subjective interpretations of the researcher.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

When researchers apply behavioral observation techniques to historical records in order to measure behaviors that occurred in the past, the measurement process is called ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  behavioral observation 
B)  event sampling 
C)  content analysis 
D)  archival research 
A)  behavioral observation 
B)  event sampling 
C)  content analysis 
D)  archival research

Question 17

Which method for administering a survey requires the greatest amount of time from the researcher?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mailing surveys 
B)  Making phone calls 
C)  Distributing surveys to a group of participants 
D)  Using the Internet 
A)  Mailing surveys 
B)  Making phone calls 
C)  Distributing surveys to a group of participants 
D)  Using the Internet

Question 18

What type of question typically produces a numerical score for each participant?

Accepted Answer

A)  Open-ended 
B)  Restricted 
C)  Rating scale 
D)  Partially open-ended 
A)  Open-ended 
B)  Restricted 
C)  Rating scale 
D)  Partially open-ended

Question 19

One advantage of administering a survey by mail is that it minimizes the risk of interviewer bias.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

A researcher taking a job as a restaurant server in order to explore sexism in the restaurant industry is an example of ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  participant observation 
B)  naturalistic observation 
C)  correlational research 
D)  case study research 
A)  participant observation 
B)  naturalistic observation 
C)  correlational research 
D)  case study research

One problem with observational research is that it can be very time consuming. However, this problem is minimized by using participant observation.

The multiple-choice questions on this exam are examples of ____ items.

The goal of the descriptive research strategy is to describe the relationships that exist between variables.

What is the purpose for using habituation in an observational research study?

Nonresponse bias refers to the fact that interviewers may influence a participant's answer by reading a question in one way or another.

Describe the three types of behavioral observation and briefly explain the circumstances under which each is used.

What is the main advantage of contrived observation (compared with other types of observational research)?

The idiographic approach to research involves ____.

Although surveys can be used with a variety of different research strategies, the defining characteristic of the survey research design is that the ____.

Bird watching is most similar to what type of research?

A researcher conducts a survey to determine the average number of minutes that college students spend on their smartphones in a typical day. Which research strategy is being used?

The general goal of a research study using the descriptive research strategy is to ____.

A case study typically involves the study of ________.

Describe the three types of survey questions and outline the advantages and disadvantages of each.

Measuring interrater reliability helps ensure that behavioral observations are objective and are not influenced by subjective interpretations of the researcher.

When researchers apply behavioral observation techniques to historical records in order to measure behaviors that occurred in the past, the measurement process is called ____.

Which method for administering a survey requires the greatest amount of time from the researcher?

What type of question typically produces a numerical score for each participant?

One advantage of administering a survey by mail is that it minimizes the risk of interviewer bias.

A researcher taking a job as a restaurant server in order to explore sexism in the restaurant industry is an example of ____.

Introduction, Acquiring Knowledge, and the Scientific Method

Research Ideas and Hypotheses

Defining and Measuring Variables

Ethics in Research

Selecting Research Participants

Research Strategies and Validity

The Experimental Research Strategy

Experimental Designs: Between-Subjects Design

Experimental Designs: Within-Subjects Design

The Nonexperimental and Quasi-Experimental Strategies: Nonequivalent Group, Prepost, and Developmental Designs

Factorial Designs

The Correlational Research Strategy

Single-Case Experimental Research Designs

Statistical Evaluation of Data

Writing an Apa-Style Research Report

Filters

Exam 13: The Descriptive Research Strategy

One problem with observational research is that it can be very time consuming. However, this problem is minimized by using participant observation.

The multiple-choice questions on this exam are examples of ____ items.

The goal of the descriptive research strategy is to describe the relationships that exist between variables.

What is the purpose for using habituation in an observational research study?

Nonresponse bias refers to the fact that interviewers may influence a participant's answer by reading a question in one way or another.

Describe the three types of behavioral observation and briefly explain the circumstances under which each is used.

What is the main advantage of contrived observation (compared with other types of observational research)?

The idiographic approach to research involves ____.

Although surveys can be used with a variety of different research strategies, the defining characteristic of the survey research design is that the ____.

Bird watching is most similar to what type of research?

A researcher conducts a survey to determine the average number of minutes that college students spend on their smartphones in a typical day. Which research strategy is being used?

The general goal of a research study using the descriptive research strategy is to ____.

A case study typically involves the study of ________.

Describe the three types of survey questions and outline the advantages and disadvantages of each.

Measuring interrater reliability helps ensure that behavioral observations are objective and are not influenced by subjective interpretations of the researcher.

When researchers apply behavioral observation techniques to historical records in order to measure behaviors that occurred in the past, the measurement process is called ____.

Which method for administering a survey requires the greatest amount of time from the researcher?

What type of question typically produces a numerical score for each participant?

One advantage of administering a survey by mail is that it minimizes the risk of interviewer bias.

A researcher taking a job as a restaurant server in order to explore sexism in the restaurant industry is an example of ____.

Introduction, Acquiring Knowledge, and the Scientific Method

Research Ideas and Hypotheses

Defining and Measuring Variables

Ethics in Research

Selecting Research Participants

Research Strategies and Validity

The Experimental Research Strategy

Experimental Designs: Between-Subjects Design

Experimental Designs: Within-Subjects Design

The Nonexperimental and Quasi-Experimental Strategies: Nonequivalent Group, Prepost, and Developmental Designs

Factorial Designs

The Correlational Research Strategy

Single-Case Experimental Research Designs

Statistical Evaluation of Data

Writing an Apa-Style Research Report

Filters