Exam 15: Statistical Evaluation of Data

Identify the basic concern with using the percentage of agreement as a measure of interrater reliability and explain how this concern is addressed by Cohen's kappa.

A researcher is interested in the sleeping habits of students at the local state college. The average number of hours spent sleeping each night for the entire set of students enrolled at the college is an example of a ____.

It is possible for a distribution of scores to have more than one ____.

One category of data is obtained by measuring two different variables for each individual in a single group of participants. What statistics are most commonly used for data in this category?

In a distribution with a mean of M = 76 and a standard deviation of SD = 7, a score of 91 would be considered an extreme value.

It is always possible that patterns observed in sample data do not accurately represent patterns in the population.

Identify the purpose for a hypothesis test and briefly explain how a hypothesis test accomplishes its purpose.

Which statistic was developed to correct problems with interrater reliability?

Which statistic estimates the average of all the possible split-half correlations but can only be used when each question has only two response alternatives?

What kind of frequency distribution graph shows the frequencies as bars that are separated by spaces?

If a sample is selected from a population, the sample mean is essentially guaranteed to be different from the population mean. In general, the naturally occurring difference between a sample statistic and the corresponding population parameter is called ____.

Describe the general purpose for descriptive statistical techniques and for inferential statistical techniques.

A summary value, usually numerical, that describes a sample is called a parameter.

Explain why a measure of effect size is recommended to accompany the result from a hypothesis test.

If the data in a scatter plot form a nearly perfect circle, the Pearson correlation would be approximately ____.

A researcher studies a group of 25 preschool children in order to answer questions about the entire population of preschool children. What general categories of statistical techniques will this researcher be using?

A researcher has measured self-esteem for a sample of 40 first-grade children. The researcher would like to divide the children into two equal-sized groups consisting of the high self-esteem kids and the low self-esteem kids. Which statistical measure will identify the correct score to serve as the boundary between the high and the low self-esteem groups?

A Type II error means that a researcher has ____.

A characteristic, usually a numerical value that describes a sample, is called a ____.

A researcher records the change in weight (gain or loss) during the first semester of college for each individual in a group of 25 freshmen, and calculates the average change in weight. The average is an example of a ____.