Exam 15: Statistical Evaluation of Data

In a distribution with a mean of M = 36 and a standard deviation of SD = 8, a score of 40 would be considered an extreme value.

What outcome is likely to occur for a hypothesis test evaluating a treatment that has a very large and robust effect?

What problem is Cohen's kappa intended to correct?

What is the definition of variance?

One category of data is obtained by measuring one variable for each individual in a single group of participants. What statistics are most commonly used for data in this category?

Identify the two basic concerns with using a correlation to measure split-half reliability and explain how these concerns are addressed by Spearman-Brown, K-R 20, and Cronbach's alpha.

A Type I error means that a researcher has ____.

One concern with measuring split-half reliability is that many different correlations are possible depending on how you decide to split the test items in half.

The weights of a group of patients in a weight loss program range from 185 to 312. A doctor constructs a frequency distribution graph showing the number of children for each of the six age groups. What kind of graph would be appropriate for this distribution?

A researcher uses an anonymous survey to investigate the drinking habits of American college students. Based on the set of 56 surveys that were completed and returned, the researcher finds that these students consume an average of four drinks each week. For this study, the average of four drinks is an example of a(n) ____.

By convention, it has been determined that alpha levels should be set no larger than ____.

Without some correction, the percentage of agreement between two observers will tend to overestimate the true level of interrater reliability.

A researcher is interested in the anxiety levels among patients in a nursing home. The entire set of patients living in the nursing home is an example of a ____.

A researcher records the average age for a group of 25 preschool children selected to participate in a research study. The average age is an example of a statistic.

The goal of a hypothesis test is to demonstrate that the patterns observed in the sample data represent real patterns in the population and are not simply due to chance or sampling error.

What would the scatter plot show for data that produce a Pearson correlation of r = +.88?

A Type I error means that the hypothesis test has failed to detect a real treatment effect.

The mode is the best way to measure central tendency for data from a nominal scale of measurement.

What does the value of the Pearson correlation tell a person about the relationship between two variables and what the scatter plot of that data looks like?

To construct a frequency distribution graph displaying a set of scores that were measured on an interval or a ratio scale, you should use a ____.