Question 1

A tally sheet on which attributes that will not change are recorded is to _____ as a tally sheet used to note the presence or absence of behaviors is to _____ items.​

Accepted Answer

A) static; action 
B) action; static 
C) narrative; nonnarrative 
D) nonnarrative; narrative 
A) static; action 
B) action; static 
C) narrative; nonnarrative 
D) nonnarrative; narrative

Question 2

Explain how the terms nonparticipant, participant, disguised, and undisguised relate to observational research.​

Accepted Answer

As a researcher conducting observational

Question 3

What are expectancy effects?​

Accepted Answer

Expectancy effects involve the influence

Question 4

_____ observation affords _____ control, but increases the chance of _____.​

Accepted Answer

A) Naturalistic; more; reactivity 
B) Naturalistic; less; experimenter effects 
C) Laboratory, less; experimenter effects 
D) Laboratory; more; reactivity 
A) Naturalistic; more; reactivity 
B) Naturalistic; less; experimenter effects 
C) Laboratory, less; experimenter effects 
D) Laboratory; more; reactivity

Question 5

Studies in which the participants are aware that the researcher is observing their behavior utilize _____ observation and studies in which the researcher does not participate in the situation in which the research participants are involved utilize _____ observation.​

Accepted Answer

A) nonparticipant; undisguised 
B) undisguised; nonparticipant 
C) undisguised; participant 
D) disguised; nonparticipant 
A) nonparticipant; undisguised 
B) undisguised; nonparticipant 
C) undisguised; participant 
D) disguised; nonparticipant

Question 6

A tally sheet on which the researcher records attributes of the participants and whether particular behaviors were observed is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) narrative record. 
B) action record. 
C) checklist. 
D) narrative list. 
A) narrative record. 
B) action record. 
C) checklist. 
D) narrative list.

Question 7

Which of the following is FALSE?​

Accepted Answer

A) A loaded question is a question including nonneutral or emotionally laden terms. 
B) A leading question is a question that sways the respondent to answer in a desired manner. 
C) A closed-ended question is a question for which participants formulate their own responses. 
D) A double-barreled question is a question on which more than one thing is asked. 
A) A loaded question is a question including nonneutral or emotionally laden terms. 
B) A leading question is a question that sways the respondent to answer in a desired manner. 
C) A closed-ended question is a question for which participants formulate their own responses. 
D) A double-barreled question is a question on which more than one thing is asked.

Question 8

_____ is/are more of a concern when using _____ observation.​

Accepted Answer

A) Reactivity; disguised 
B) Reactivity; undisguised 
C) Expectancy effects; disguised 
D) Expectancy effects; nonparticipant 
A) Reactivity; disguised 
B) Reactivity; undisguised 
C) Expectancy effects; disguised 
D) Expectancy effects; nonparticipant

Question 9

Studies in which the researcher actively participates in the situation in which the research participants are involved utilize _____ observation.

Accepted Answer

A) nonparticipant 
B) participant 
C) disguised 
D) undisguised 
A) nonparticipant 
B) participant 
C) disguised 
D) undisguised

Question 10

Lack of flexibility is to _____ observation as lack of control is to _____ observation.​

Accepted Answer

A) laboratory; naturalistic 
B) naturalistic; laboratory 
C) disguised; undisguised 
D) undisguised; disguised 
A) laboratory; naturalistic 
B) naturalistic; laboratory 
C) disguised; undisguised 
D) undisguised; disguised

Question 11

Marnie keeps answering the questions on the survey she is taking as she thinks most others in society would answer them, rather than with her true responses. Marnie's answers illustrate

Accepted Answer

A) interviewer bias. 
B) sampling bias. 
C) experimenter effects. 
D) socially desirable responses. 
A) interviewer bias. 
B) sampling bias. 
C) experimenter effects. 
D) socially desirable responses.

Question 12

A tendency for one group to be overrepresented in a study is known as​

Accepted Answer

A) response bias. 
B) sampling bias. 
C) experimenter effects. 
D) interviewer bias. 
A) response bias. 
B) sampling bias. 
C) experimenter effects. 
D) interviewer bias.

Question 13

Explain the difference between using narrative records versus checklists for data collection. What are the advantages and disadvantages of each method?​

Accepted Answer

Narrative records are a more subjective

Question 14

The influence of the researcher's expectations on the outcome of the study refers to

Accepted Answer

A) reactivity. 
B) expectancy effects. 
C) ecological validity. 
D) both reactivity and expectancy effects. 
A) reactivity. 
B) expectancy effects. 
C) ecological validity. 
D) both reactivity and expectancy effects.

Question 15

The tendency to consistently give the same answer to almost all of the items on a survey is known as​

Accepted Answer

A) response bias. 
B) sampling bias. 
C) experimenter effects. 
D) interviewer bias. 
A) response bias. 
B) sampling bias. 
C) experimenter effects. 
D) interviewer bias.

Question 16

Which of the following is FALSE?​

Accepted Answer

A) Naturalistic observation involves observing humans or other animals behave in their natural setting. 
B) Naturalistic observation increases the ecological validity of a study. 
C) Laboratory observation involves observing behavior in a more contrived situation. 
D) Laboratory observation increases the ecological validity of a study. 
A) Naturalistic observation involves observing humans or other animals behave in their natural setting. 
B) Naturalistic observation increases the ecological validity of a study. 
C) Laboratory observation involves observing behavior in a more contrived situation. 
D) Laboratory observation increases the ecological validity of a study.

Question 17

Researchers often prefer _____ observation because it increases _____ validity.

Accepted Answer

A) laboratory; construct 
B) laboratory; ecological 
C) naturalistic; ecological 
D) naturalistic; content 
A) laboratory; construct 
B) laboratory; ecological 
C) naturalistic; ecological 
D) naturalistic; content

Question 18

Briefly describe the differences in mail, telephone, and personal interview surveys. In addition, note advantages and disadvantages of each method.​

Accepted Answer

​A mail survey is a written survey that

Question 19

Identify and briefly describe probability sampling versus nonprobability sampling.​

Accepted Answer

Probability sampling is a sampling techn

Question 20

What is a static item versus an action item?​

Accepted Answer

​A static item is a type of item used on

A tally sheet on which attributes that will not change are recorded is to _ as a tally sheet used to note the presence or absence of behaviors is to _ items.

Explain how the terms nonparticipant, participant, disguised, and undisguised relate to observational research.

What are expectancy effects?

___ observation affords _ control, but increases the chance of ___.

Studies in which the participants are aware that the researcher is observing their behavior utilize _ observation and studies in which the researcher does not participate in the situation in which the research participants are involved utilize _ observation.

A tally sheet on which the researcher records attributes of the participants and whether particular behaviors were observed is a(n)

Which of the following is FALSE?

_ is/are more of a concern when using _ observation.

Studies in which the researcher actively participates in the situation in which the research participants are involved utilize _____ observation.

Lack of flexibility is to _ observation as lack of control is to _ observation.

Marnie keeps answering the questions on the survey she is taking as she thinks most others in society would answer them, rather than with her true responses. Marnie's answers illustrate

A tendency for one group to be overrepresented in a study is known as

Explain the difference between using narrative records versus checklists for data collection. What are the advantages and disadvantages of each method?

The influence of the researcher's expectations on the outcome of the study refers to

The tendency to consistently give the same answer to almost all of the items on a survey is known as

Which of the following is FALSE?

Researchers often prefer _ observation because it increases _ validity.

Briefly describe the differences in mail, telephone, and personal interview surveys. In addition, note advantages and disadvantages of each method.

Identify and briefly describe probability sampling versus nonprobability sampling.

What is a static item versus an action item?

Thinking Like a Scientist

Getting Started

Defining Measuring and Manipulating Variables

Data Organization and Descriptive Statistics

Correlational Methods and Statistics

Probability and Hypothesis Testing

Introduction to Inferential Statistics

Experimental Design and Analysis I

Experimental Design and Analysis II

Experimental Design and Analysis III

Experimental Design and Analysis Iv

Quasi Experimental and Single Case Designs

Nonparametric Inferential Statistics

APA Communication Guidelines

Filters

Exam 4: Descriptive Methods

A tally sheet on which attributes that will not change are recorded is to _____ as a tally sheet used to note the presence or absence of behaviors is to _____ items.​

Explain how the terms nonparticipant, participant, disguised, and undisguised relate to observational research.​

What are expectancy effects?​

_____ observation affords _____ control, but increases the chance of _____.​

Studies in which the participants are aware that the researcher is observing their behavior utilize _____ observation and studies in which the researcher does not participate in the situation in which the research participants are involved utilize _____ observation.​

A tally sheet on which the researcher records attributes of the participants and whether particular behaviors were observed is a(n)

Which of the following is FALSE?​

_____ is/are more of a concern when using _____ observation.​

Studies in which the researcher actively participates in the situation in which the research participants are involved utilize _____ observation.

Lack of flexibility is to _____ observation as lack of control is to _____ observation.​

Marnie keeps answering the questions on the survey she is taking as she thinks most others in society would answer them, rather than with her true responses. Marnie's answers illustrate

A tendency for one group to be overrepresented in a study is known as​

Explain the difference between using narrative records versus checklists for data collection. What are the advantages and disadvantages of each method?​

The influence of the researcher's expectations on the outcome of the study refers to

The tendency to consistently give the same answer to almost all of the items on a survey is known as​

Which of the following is FALSE?​

Researchers often prefer _____ observation because it increases _____ validity.

Briefly describe the differences in mail, telephone, and personal interview surveys. In addition, note advantages and disadvantages of each method.​

Identify and briefly describe probability sampling versus nonprobability sampling.​

What is a static item versus an action item?​

Thinking Like a Scientist

Getting Started

Defining Measuring and Manipulating Variables

Data Organization and Descriptive Statistics

Correlational Methods and Statistics

Probability and Hypothesis Testing

Introduction to Inferential Statistics

Experimental Design and Analysis I

Experimental Design and Analysis II

Experimental Design and Analysis III

Experimental Design and Analysis Iv

Quasi Experimental and Single Case Designs

Nonparametric Inferential Statistics

APA Communication Guidelines

Filters

A tally sheet on which attributes that will not change are recorded is to _ as a tally sheet used to note the presence or absence of behaviors is to _ items.

Explain how the terms nonparticipant, participant, disguised, and undisguised relate to observational research.

What are expectancy effects?

___ observation affords _ control, but increases the chance of ___.

Studies in which the participants are aware that the researcher is observing their behavior utilize _ observation and studies in which the researcher does not participate in the situation in which the research participants are involved utilize _ observation.

Which of the following is FALSE?

_ is/are more of a concern when using _ observation.

Lack of flexibility is to _ observation as lack of control is to _ observation.

A tendency for one group to be overrepresented in a study is known as

Explain the difference between using narrative records versus checklists for data collection. What are the advantages and disadvantages of each method?

The tendency to consistently give the same answer to almost all of the items on a survey is known as

Which of the following is FALSE?

Researchers often prefer _ observation because it increases _ validity.

Briefly describe the differences in mail, telephone, and personal interview surveys. In addition, note advantages and disadvantages of each method.

Identify and briefly describe probability sampling versus nonprobability sampling.

What is a static item versus an action item?