Question 1

Which of the following terms describes the result of Raymond Cattell's factor analysis,which revealed 16 factors?

Accepted Answer

A)  underextraction 
B)  overextraction 
C)  superfactors 
D)  facets 
A)  underextraction 
B)  overextraction 
C)  superfactors 
D)  facets B

Question 2

The items in the California Q-Set were derived from ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  a quantitative factor analysis 
B)  a biologically based model of personality 
C)  Allport and Odbert's original list of trait terms from everyday language 
D)  efforts by researchers to develop an adequate list of items 
A)  a quantitative factor analysis 
B)  a biologically based model of personality 
C)  Allport and Odbert's original list of trait terms from everyday language 
D)  efforts by researchers to develop an adequate list of items D

Question 3

Which of the Big Five traits appears to be the most complex and "difficult to grasp"?

Accepted Answer

A)  neuroticism 
B)  extraversion 
C)  psychoticism 
D)  openness 
A)  neuroticism 
B)  extraversion 
C)  psychoticism 
D)  openness D

Question 4

Which trait is most closely linked with dominance?

Accepted Answer

A)  agreeableness 
B)  neuroticism 
C)  conscientiousness 
D)  extraversion 
A)  agreeableness 
B)  neuroticism 
C)  conscientiousness 
D)  extraversion

Question 5

Which of the following characteristics is NOT associated with conscientiousness?

Accepted Answer

A)  high IQ 
B)  avoidance of risks 
C)  educational level 
D)  longevity 
A)  high IQ 
B)  avoidance of risks 
C)  educational level 
D)  longevity

Question 6

Which of the following does NOT describe a reason that people gravitate to the typological approach in contrast to the trait approach?

Accepted Answer

A)  Qualitative differences between types of people are somewhat easier to comprehend than traits. 
B)  The typological approach has many years worth of empirical support. 
C)  The trait approach assumes that people can be characterized using similar traits, which might be wrong. 
D)  Different types of people may be qualitatively distinct from each other. 
A)  Qualitative differences between types of people are somewhat easier to comprehend than traits. 
B)  The typological approach has many years worth of empirical support. 
C)  The trait approach assumes that people can be characterized using similar traits, which might be wrong. 
D)  Different types of people may be qualitatively distinct from each other.

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a dimension that would likely show differences between liberals and conservatives?

Accepted Answer

A)  harm/care 
B)  in-group loyalty 
C)  authority/respect 
D)  purity 
A)  harm/care 
B)  in-group loyalty 
C)  authority/respect 
D)  purity

Question 8

According to Jack Block,ego ________ gets people into trouble,but ego ________ gets people out of trouble.

Accepted Answer

A)  undercontrol; overcontrol 
B)  resiliency; overcontrol 
C)  overcontrol; undercontrol 
D)  undercontrol; resiliency 
A)  undercontrol; overcontrol 
B)  resiliency; overcontrol 
C)  overcontrol; undercontrol 
D)  undercontrol; resiliency

Question 9

Which trait is associated with positive first impressions but more negative impressions in longer-term relationships?

Accepted Answer

A)  conscientiousness 
B)  self-monitoring 
C)  narcissism 
D)  authoritarianism 
A)  conscientiousness 
B)  self-monitoring 
C)  narcissism 
D)  authoritarianism

Question 10

Positive emotionality in Tellegen's three-factor model is closest to which trait in Eysenck's model?

Accepted Answer

A)  extraversion 
B)  openness to experience 
C)  psychoticism 
D)  neuroticism 
A)  extraversion 
B)  openness to experience 
C)  psychoticism 
D)  neuroticism

Question 11

Which choice does NOT describe a reason that the typological approach to personality traits is less valid than trait-based approaches?

Accepted Answer

A)  Researchers have to know which personality types are sufficient, which is very difficult. 
B)  Personality is more diverse than typological approaches would lead us to believe. 
C)  Personality types may summarize many traits within an overarching label. 
D)  Knowing a person's personality type lends a researcher little ability to better predict behavior beyond traits. 
A)  Researchers have to know which personality types are sufficient, which is very difficult. 
B)  Personality is more diverse than typological approaches would lead us to believe. 
C)  Personality types may summarize many traits within an overarching label. 
D)  Knowing a person's personality type lends a researcher little ability to better predict behavior beyond traits.

Question 12

A researcher interested in identifying common patterns of trait variation that characterize whole persons is using a ________ approach.

Accepted Answer

A)  single-trait 
B)  Typological 
C)  configural 
D)  many-trait 
A)  single-trait 
B)  Typological 
C)  configural 
D)  many-trait

Question 13

Jack Block found that 23-year-olds who described themselves as being politically conservative were likely to have been described as ________ at age 3.

Accepted Answer

A)  self-reliant and energetic 
B)  guilty and anxious 
C)  maintaining close relationships 
D)  emotionally unstable and aggressive 
A)  self-reliant and energetic 
B)  guilty and anxious 
C)  maintaining close relationships 
D)  emotionally unstable and aggressive

Question 14

Factor analyses have revealed a broader personality factor called stability.Which of the following Big Five factors are subfactors of this factor?

Accepted Answer

A)  extraversion, neuroticism, agreeableness 
B)  extraversion, openness, conscientiousness 
C)  neuroticism, openness, agreeableness 
D)  neuroticism, agreeableness, conscientiousness 
A)  extraversion, neuroticism, agreeableness 
B)  extraversion, openness, conscientiousness 
C)  neuroticism, openness, agreeableness 
D)  neuroticism, agreeableness, conscientiousness

Question 15

According to recent research,which trait seems to be related to quicker recovery from disabling accidents or illnesses?

Accepted Answer

A)  agreeableness 
B)  neuroticism 
C)  conscientiousness 
D)  openness 
A)  agreeableness 
B)  neuroticism 
C)  conscientiousness 
D)  openness

Question 16

Match the most associated trait factor with each facet.
-Self-discipline

Accepted Answer

A) Extraversion 
B) Agreeableness 
C) Conscientiousness 
D) Neuroticism 
E) Openness
F)Narcissism
G)Self-monitoring 
A) Extraversion 
B) Agreeableness 
C) Conscientiousness 
D) Neuroticism 
E) Openness
F)Narcissism
G)Self-monitoring

Question 17

Cross-cultural research on the Big Five suggests that ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the same Big Five are found in all cultures that have been studied to date 
B)  none of the factors appears to replicate cross-culturally 
C)  the central attributes of personality are generally similar in other cultures, but there are at least a few important differences 
D)  some of the U.S. factors are found in studies using European samples, but none of the U.S. factors are found in studies of Asian samples 
A)  the same Big Five are found in all cultures that have been studied to date 
B)  none of the factors appears to replicate cross-culturally 
C)  the central attributes of personality are generally similar in other cultures, but there are at least a few important differences 
D)  some of the U.S. factors are found in studies using European samples, but none of the U.S. factors are found in studies of Asian samples

Question 18

Sally is a strong proponent of the lexical hypothesis.Where would she likely begin her search for the essential traits of personality?

Accepted Answer

A)  the dictionary 
B)  by observing the personalities of nonhuman animals 
C)  Eysenck's theories 
D)  ancient Greek medical texts 
A)  the dictionary 
B)  by observing the personalities of nonhuman animals 
C)  Eysenck's theories 
D)  ancient Greek medical texts

Question 19

How has research with the California Q-Set helped to identify personality correlates of delay of gratification,drug abuse,and depression? Briefly describe the Q-sort procedure and explain how such studies have been conducted.What gender differences have been found and how are these usually interpreted?

Accepted Answer

Research with the California Q-Set has h

Question 20

According to a recent study described in the textbook,which trait has been linked to a decrease in life satisfaction following a bout of unemployment?

Accepted Answer

A)  agreeableness 
B)  conscientiousness 
C)  narcissism 
D)  self-monitoring 
A)  agreeableness 
B)  conscientiousness 
C)  narcissism 
D)  self-monitoring

Which of the following terms describes the result of Raymond Cattell's factor analysis,which revealed 16 factors?

The items in the California Q-Set were derived from ________.

Which of the Big Five traits appears to be the most complex and "difficult to grasp"?

Which trait is most closely linked with dominance?

Which of the following characteristics is NOT associated with conscientiousness?

Which of the following does NOT describe a reason that people gravitate to the typological approach in contrast to the trait approach?

Which of the following is NOT a dimension that would likely show differences between liberals and conservatives?

According to Jack Block,ego gets people into trouble,but ego gets people out of trouble.

Which trait is associated with positive first impressions but more negative impressions in longer-term relationships?

Positive emotionality in Tellegen's three-factor model is closest to which trait in Eysenck's model?

Which choice does NOT describe a reason that the typological approach to personality traits is less valid than trait-based approaches?

A researcher interested in identifying common patterns of trait variation that characterize whole persons is using a ________ approach.

Jack Block found that 23-year-olds who described themselves as being politically conservative were likely to have been described as ________ at age 3.

Factor analyses have revealed a broader personality factor called stability.Which of the following Big Five factors are subfactors of this factor?

According to recent research,which trait seems to be related to quicker recovery from disabling accidents or illnesses?

Match the most associated trait factor with each facet. -Self-discipline

Cross-cultural research on the Big Five suggests that ________.

Sally is a strong proponent of the lexical hypothesis.Where would she likely begin her search for the essential traits of personality?

According to a recent study described in the textbook,which trait has been linked to a decrease in life satisfaction following a bout of unemployment?

The Study of the Person

Personality Research Methods

Assessment, Effect Size, and Ethics

Personality Traits,Situations,and Behavior

Personality Judgment

Personality Stability, Development, and Change

The Anatomy and Physiology of Personality

The Inheritance of Personality: Behavioral Genetics and Evolutionary Psychology

Basics of Psychoanalysis

Psychoanalysis After Freud: Neo-Freudians, Object Relations, and Current Research

Experience,Existence,and the Meaning of Life: Humanistic and Positive Psychology

Cultural Variation in Experience, Behavior, and Personality

Learning to Be a Person: Behaviorism and the Social Learning Theories

Personality Processes: Perception, Thought, Motivation, and Emotion

The Self: What You Know About You

Personality, Mental Health, and Physical Health

Epilogue: Looking Back and Looking Ahead

Filters

Exam 6: Using Personality Traits to Understand Behavior

Which of the following terms describes the result of Raymond Cattell's factor analysis,which revealed 16 factors?

The items in the California Q-Set were derived from ________.

Which of the Big Five traits appears to be the most complex and "difficult to grasp"?

Which trait is most closely linked with dominance?

Which of the following characteristics is NOT associated with conscientiousness?

Which of the following does NOT describe a reason that people gravitate to the typological approach in contrast to the trait approach?

Which of the following is NOT a dimension that would likely show differences between liberals and conservatives?

According to Jack Block,ego ________ gets people into trouble,but ego ________ gets people out of trouble.

Which trait is associated with positive first impressions but more negative impressions in longer-term relationships?

Positive emotionality in Tellegen's three-factor model is closest to which trait in Eysenck's model?

Which choice does NOT describe a reason that the typological approach to personality traits is less valid than trait-based approaches?

A researcher interested in identifying common patterns of trait variation that characterize whole persons is using a ________ approach.

Jack Block found that 23-year-olds who described themselves as being politically conservative were likely to have been described as ________ at age 3.

Factor analyses have revealed a broader personality factor called stability.Which of the following Big Five factors are subfactors of this factor?

According to recent research,which trait seems to be related to quicker recovery from disabling accidents or illnesses?

Match the most associated trait factor with each facet. -Self-discipline

Cross-cultural research on the Big Five suggests that ________.

Sally is a strong proponent of the lexical hypothesis.Where would she likely begin her search for the essential traits of personality?

According to a recent study described in the textbook,which trait has been linked to a decrease in life satisfaction following a bout of unemployment?

The Study of the Person

Personality Research Methods

Assessment, Effect Size, and Ethics

Personality Traits,Situations,and Behavior

Personality Judgment

Personality Stability, Development, and Change

The Anatomy and Physiology of Personality

The Inheritance of Personality: Behavioral Genetics and Evolutionary Psychology

Basics of Psychoanalysis

Psychoanalysis After Freud: Neo-Freudians, Object Relations, and Current Research

Experience,Existence,and the Meaning of Life: Humanistic and Positive Psychology

Cultural Variation in Experience, Behavior, and Personality

Learning to Be a Person: Behaviorism and the Social Learning Theories

Personality Processes: Perception, Thought, Motivation, and Emotion

The Self: What You Know About You

Personality, Mental Health, and Physical Health

Epilogue: Looking Back and Looking Ahead

Filters

According to Jack Block,ego gets people into trouble,but ego gets people out of trouble.