Question 1

According to Triandis,cultures that tolerate very little deviation from cultural norms are high in ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  collectivism 
B)  agency 
C)  strictness 
D)  tightness 
A)  collectivism 
B)  agency 
C)  strictness 
D)  tightness D

Question 2

Match the description with its associated cultural characteristic.
-Toughness

Accepted Answer

A) High sensitivity to threats to reputation 
B) Limited acceptance for those outside cultural norms 
C) Belief that one's value is directly linked to one's own success overcoming obstacles 
D) Belief that the needs of the group outweigh the needs of the individual 
E) Availability of goals and the ways to achieve them are limited
F)Belief that people are unique
G)Belief that one's value is unrelated to others' opinions
H)Emphasis on attaining goals
I)Avoidance of social conflict through hierarchy, humility, and harmony
J)Sensitivity to success and failure 
A) High sensitivity to threats to reputation 
B) Limited acceptance for those outside cultural norms 
C) Belief that one's value is directly linked to one's own success overcoming obstacles 
D) Belief that the needs of the group outweigh the needs of the individual 
E) Availability of goals and the ways to achieve them are limited
F)Belief that people are unique
G)Belief that one's value is unrelated to others' opinions
H)Emphasis on attaining goals
I)Avoidance of social conflict through hierarchy, humility, and harmony
J)Sensitivity to success and failure E

Question 3

According to the text,________ refers to the psychological attributes of groups.

Accepted Answer

A)  culture 
B)  acculturation 
C)  socio-economic status 
D)  enculturation 
A)  culture 
B)  acculturation 
C)  socio-economic status 
D)  enculturation A

Question 4

The holier-than-thou effect is most likely to occur in members from what country?

Accepted Answer

A)  Spain 
B)  China 
C)  England 
D)  India 
A)  Spain 
B)  China 
C)  England 
D)  India

Question 5

Several studies have examined whether certain Big Five traits apply universally across cultures.As it stands,which trait does NOT appear to be truly universal?

Accepted Answer

A)  agreeableness 
B)  extraversion 
C)  conscientiousness 
D)  openness 
A)  agreeableness 
B)  extraversion 
C)  conscientiousness 
D)  openness

Question 6

Which of the following people is likely to be the most individualistic?

Accepted Answer

A)  a woman from Japan 
B)  a man from India 
C)  an African American woman 
D)  a European American man 
A)  a woman from Japan 
B)  a man from India 
C)  an African American woman 
D)  a European American man

Question 7

Describe the ecological approach for explaining the origins of cross-cultural differences in behavior.How does this perspective differ from a deconstructionist perspective on this issue?

Accepted Answer

The ecological approach for explaining t

Question 8

What term associated with Japanese culture refers to indulgence and dependence that may exist between a parent and child?

Accepted Answer

A)  amae 
B)  anatta 
C)  anicca 
D)  amie 
A)  amae 
B)  anatta 
C)  anicca 
D)  amie

Question 9

If members of two cultures experience the same emotions,seek the same goals,and organize their thoughts in comparable ways,then the two cultures ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  are individualistic cultures 
B)  have collectivist construals 
C)  have similar experience-near constructs 
D)  view the world through culture-free lenses 
A)  are individualistic cultures 
B)  have collectivist construals 
C)  have similar experience-near constructs 
D)  view the world through culture-free lenses

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT an important reason for identifying cross-cultural differences in experience,personality,and behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  The differences provide support for genetic explanations for personality. 
B)  The differences, if not understood, may cause misunderstandings. 
C)  Such differences tell us about variability in human experiences. 
D)  Cross-cultural research informs us about the generalizability of research findings. 
A)  The differences provide support for genetic explanations for personality. 
B)  The differences, if not understood, may cause misunderstandings. 
C)  Such differences tell us about variability in human experiences. 
D)  Cross-cultural research informs us about the generalizability of research findings.

Question 11

According to the text,what two factors are hypothesized to influence whether a culture is high in tightness?

Accepted Answer

A)  population density and economic conditions 
B)  ethnic homogeneity and economic conditions 
C)  ethnic homogeneity and population density 
D)  population density and the dominant religion 
A)  population density and economic conditions 
B)  ethnic homogeneity and economic conditions 
C)  ethnic homogeneity and population density 
D)  population density and the dominant religion

Question 12

Shalom Schwartz and Lilach Sagiv (1995)identified ________ as the two basic dimensions that they believe organize universal values.

Accepted Answer

A)  openness to change vs. conservatism and self-transcendence vs. self-enhancement 
B)  openness to change vs. conservatism and agency vs. communion 
C)  collectivism vs. individualism and vertical vs. horizontal 
D)  agency vs. communion and utilitarian vs. deontic 
A)  openness to change vs. conservatism and self-transcendence vs. self-enhancement 
B)  openness to change vs. conservatism and agency vs. communion 
C)  collectivism vs. individualism and vertical vs. horizontal 
D)  agency vs. communion and utilitarian vs. deontic

Question 13

According to the text,cultures of face emerge in societies that ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  have higher rates of suicide 
B)  have societies with weak forces of civilization 
C)  are highly sensitive to threats of reputation 
D)  are stable hierarchies based on cooperation 
A)  have higher rates of suicide 
B)  have societies with weak forces of civilization 
C)  are highly sensitive to threats of reputation 
D)  are stable hierarchies based on cooperation

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a "strength of the head"?

Accepted Answer

A)  artistic excellence 
B)  creativity 
C)  critical thinking 
D)  fairness 
A)  artistic excellence 
B)  creativity 
C)  critical thinking 
D)  fairness

Question 15

The United States is a ________ culture.

Accepted Answer

A)  tough 
B)  face 
C)  horizontal collectivist 
D)  dignity 
A)  tough 
B)  face 
C)  horizontal collectivist 
D)  dignity

Question 16

Match the description with its associated cultural characteristic.
-Vertical

Accepted Answer

A) High sensitivity to threats to reputation 
B) Limited acceptance for those outside cultural norms 
C) Belief that one's value is directly linked to one's own success overcoming obstacles 
D) Belief that the needs of the group outweigh the needs of the individual 
E) Availability of goals and the ways to achieve them are limited
F)Belief that people are unique
G)Belief that one's value is unrelated to others' opinions
H)Emphasis on attaining goals
I)Avoidance of social conflict through hierarchy, humility, and harmony
J)Sensitivity to success and failure 
A) High sensitivity to threats to reputation 
B) Limited acceptance for those outside cultural norms 
C) Belief that one's value is directly linked to one's own success overcoming obstacles 
D) Belief that the needs of the group outweigh the needs of the individual 
E) Availability of goals and the ways to achieve them are limited
F)Belief that people are unique
G)Belief that one's value is unrelated to others' opinions
H)Emphasis on attaining goals
I)Avoidance of social conflict through hierarchy, humility, and harmony
J)Sensitivity to success and failure

Question 17

According to the text,which characteristic of cultures might be the most difficult to judge?

Accepted Answer

A)  toughness 
B)  tightness 
C)  heart 
D)  complexity 
A)  toughness 
B)  tightness 
C)  heart 
D)  complexity

Question 18

Which value would most likely be associated with a collectivist culture?

Accepted Answer

A)  liberty 
B)  reciprocity 
C)  rights 
D)  freedom 
A)  liberty 
B)  reciprocity 
C)  rights 
D)  freedom

Question 19

Match the description with its associated cultural characteristic.
-Tightness

Accepted Answer

A) High sensitivity to threats to reputation 
B) Limited acceptance for those outside cultural norms 
C) Belief that one's value is directly linked to one's own success overcoming obstacles 
D) Belief that the needs of the group outweigh the needs of the individual 
E) Availability of goals and the ways to achieve them are limited
F)Belief that people are unique
G)Belief that one's value is unrelated to others' opinions
H)Emphasis on attaining goals
I)Avoidance of social conflict through hierarchy, humility, and harmony
J)Sensitivity to success and failure 
A) High sensitivity to threats to reputation 
B) Limited acceptance for those outside cultural norms 
C) Belief that one's value is directly linked to one's own success overcoming obstacles 
D) Belief that the needs of the group outweigh the needs of the individual 
E) Availability of goals and the ways to achieve them are limited
F)Belief that people are unique
G)Belief that one's value is unrelated to others' opinions
H)Emphasis on attaining goals
I)Avoidance of social conflict through hierarchy, humility, and harmony
J)Sensitivity to success and failure

Question 20

Match the description with its associated cultural characteristic.
-Honor

Accepted Answer

A) High sensitivity to threats to reputation 
B) Limited acceptance for those outside cultural norms 
C) Belief that one's value is directly linked to one's own success overcoming obstacles 
D) Belief that the needs of the group outweigh the needs of the individual 
E) Availability of goals and the ways to achieve them are limited
F)Belief that people are unique
G)Belief that one's value is unrelated to others' opinions
H)Emphasis on attaining goals
I)Avoidance of social conflict through hierarchy, humility, and harmony
J)Sensitivity to success and failure 
A) High sensitivity to threats to reputation 
B) Limited acceptance for those outside cultural norms 
C) Belief that one's value is directly linked to one's own success overcoming obstacles 
D) Belief that the needs of the group outweigh the needs of the individual 
E) Availability of goals and the ways to achieve them are limited
F)Belief that people are unique
G)Belief that one's value is unrelated to others' opinions
H)Emphasis on attaining goals
I)Avoidance of social conflict through hierarchy, humility, and harmony
J)Sensitivity to success and failure

According to Triandis,cultures that tolerate very little deviation from cultural norms are high in ________.

Match the description with its associated cultural characteristic. -Toughness

According to the text,________ refers to the psychological attributes of groups.

The holier-than-thou effect is most likely to occur in members from what country?

Several studies have examined whether certain Big Five traits apply universally across cultures.As it stands,which trait does NOT appear to be truly universal?

Which of the following people is likely to be the most individualistic?

Describe the ecological approach for explaining the origins of cross-cultural differences in behavior.How does this perspective differ from a deconstructionist perspective on this issue?

What term associated with Japanese culture refers to indulgence and dependence that may exist between a parent and child?

If members of two cultures experience the same emotions,seek the same goals,and organize their thoughts in comparable ways,then the two cultures ________.

Which of the following is NOT an important reason for identifying cross-cultural differences in experience,personality,and behavior?

According to the text,what two factors are hypothesized to influence whether a culture is high in tightness?

Shalom Schwartz and Lilach Sagiv (1995)identified ________ as the two basic dimensions that they believe organize universal values.

According to the text,cultures of face emerge in societies that ________.

Which of the following is NOT a "strength of the head"?

The United States is a ________ culture.

Match the description with its associated cultural characteristic. -Vertical

According to the text,which characteristic of cultures might be the most difficult to judge?

Which value would most likely be associated with a collectivist culture?

Match the description with its associated cultural characteristic. -Tightness

Match the description with its associated cultural characteristic. -Honor

The Study of the Person

Personality Research Methods

Assessment, Effect Size, and Ethics

Personality Traits,Situations,and Behavior

Personality Judgment

Using Personality Traits to Understand Behavior

Personality Stability, Development, and Change

The Anatomy and Physiology of Personality

The Inheritance of Personality: Behavioral Genetics and Evolutionary Psychology

Basics of Psychoanalysis

Psychoanalysis After Freud: Neo-Freudians, Object Relations, and Current Research

Experience,Existence,and the Meaning of Life: Humanistic and Positive Psychology

Learning to Be a Person: Behaviorism and the Social Learning Theories

Personality Processes: Perception, Thought, Motivation, and Emotion

The Self: What You Know About You

Personality, Mental Health, and Physical Health

Epilogue: Looking Back and Looking Ahead

Filters

Exam 13: Cultural Variation in Experience, Behavior, and Personality

According to Triandis,cultures that tolerate very little deviation from cultural norms are high in ________.

Match the description with its associated cultural characteristic. -Toughness

According to the text,________ refers to the psychological attributes of groups.

The holier-than-thou effect is most likely to occur in members from what country?

Several studies have examined whether certain Big Five traits apply universally across cultures.As it stands,which trait does NOT appear to be truly universal?

Which of the following people is likely to be the most individualistic?

Describe the ecological approach for explaining the origins of cross-cultural differences in behavior.How does this perspective differ from a deconstructionist perspective on this issue?

What term associated with Japanese culture refers to indulgence and dependence that may exist between a parent and child?

If members of two cultures experience the same emotions,seek the same goals,and organize their thoughts in comparable ways,then the two cultures ________.

Which of the following is NOT an important reason for identifying cross-cultural differences in experience,personality,and behavior?

According to the text,what two factors are hypothesized to influence whether a culture is high in tightness?

Shalom Schwartz and Lilach Sagiv (1995)identified ________ as the two basic dimensions that they believe organize universal values.

According to the text,cultures of face emerge in societies that ________.

Which of the following is NOT a "strength of the head"?

The United States is a ________ culture.

Match the description with its associated cultural characteristic. -Vertical

According to the text,which characteristic of cultures might be the most difficult to judge?

Which value would most likely be associated with a collectivist culture?

Match the description with its associated cultural characteristic. -Tightness

Match the description with its associated cultural characteristic. -Honor

The Study of the Person

Personality Research Methods

Assessment, Effect Size, and Ethics

Personality Traits,Situations,and Behavior

Personality Judgment

Using Personality Traits to Understand Behavior

Personality Stability, Development, and Change

The Anatomy and Physiology of Personality

The Inheritance of Personality: Behavioral Genetics and Evolutionary Psychology

Basics of Psychoanalysis

Psychoanalysis After Freud: Neo-Freudians, Object Relations, and Current Research

Experience,Existence,and the Meaning of Life: Humanistic and Positive Psychology

Learning to Be a Person: Behaviorism and the Social Learning Theories

Personality Processes: Perception, Thought, Motivation, and Emotion

The Self: What You Know About You

Personality, Mental Health, and Physical Health

Epilogue: Looking Back and Looking Ahead

Filters