Question 1

The alternating tones of a car alarm are a means to prevent ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  habituation 
B)  associationism 
C)  hedonism 
D)  the habit hierarchy 
A)  habituation 
B)  associationism 
C)  hedonism 
D)  the habit hierarchy A

Question 2

According to the text,a distinctive aspect of humans is that we learn ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  nearly everything from observation 
B)  by both punishment and reward 
C)  very few things from observation 
D)  nearly everything from classical conditioning 
A)  nearly everything from observation 
B)  by both punishment and reward 
C)  very few things from observation 
D)  nearly everything from classical conditioning A

Question 3

According to the text,learning theorists emphasize ________ in influencing one's behavior.

Accepted Answer

A)  situations 
B)  personality 
C)  social systems 
D)  the unconscious 
A)  situations 
B)  personality 
C)  social systems 
D)  the unconscious A

Question 4

Experiments have shown that if one receives rewards and/or punishments randomly (i.e.,regardless of what one does),then one is likely to develop depression.This phenomenon is known as ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  learned helplessness 
B)  angst 
C)  social learning theory 
D)  reverse conditioning 
A)  learned helplessness 
B)  angst 
C)  social learning theory 
D)  reverse conditioning

Question 5

When a new mobile is first hung over baby Jessica's crib,she looks at it frequently,but after several weeks pass she hardly notices it.Jessica has become ________ to the mobile.

Accepted Answer

A)  classically conditioned 
B)  operantly conditioned 
C)  habituated 
D)  counterconditioned 
A)  classically conditioned 
B)  operantly conditioned 
C)  habituated 
D)  counterconditioned

Question 6

Hedonism provides the ________ necessary for learning and behavior to occur.

Accepted Answer

A)  motivation 
B)  cognition 
C)  emotion 
D)  knowledge 
A)  motivation 
B)  cognition 
C)  emotion 
D)  knowledge

Question 7

Describe how classic learning theory principles can be used to explain superstitious behavior (do not consider principles of social learning theory).Explain how these learning theory ideas can also be used to understand something more pervasive such as aggressive behavior.

Accepted Answer

Classic learning theory principles, such

Question 8

In Pavlov's famous studies,when the presentation of meat was frequently preceded by the sound of a bell,dogs ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  refused to eat the meat 
B)  began to salivate at the sound of the bell 
C)  showed fear responses to the bell 
D)  salivated only when given the meat 
A)  refused to eat the meat 
B)  began to salivate at the sound of the bell 
C)  showed fear responses to the bell 
D)  salivated only when given the meat

Question 9

Dietlinde is interviewing for a job and is confident that she'll be able to convince the hiring committee of her merit and credentials and will therefore surely get the job.Dietlinde has ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  low generalized expectancies 
B)  low specific expectancies 
C)  high generalized expectancies 
D)  high specific expectancies 
A)  low generalized expectancies 
B)  low specific expectancies 
C)  high generalized expectancies 
D)  high specific expectancies

Question 10

Mischel's if … then model is rooted in Watson's ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  S-R connection theory 
B)  five-factor model 
C)  social learning theory 
D)  personal construct theory 
A)  S-R connection theory 
B)  five-factor model 
C)  social learning theory 
D)  personal construct theory

Question 11

Match the implication that is best associated with a principle of effective punishment.
-Behavioral and situational specificity

Accepted Answer

A) One can lessen the actual use of punishment. 
B) The behavior and its punishment are directly related. 
C) The exact circumstances of the punishment are made clear. 
D) The correct behavior is rewarded. 
E) Punishment will mean punishment, and nothing else. 
A) One can lessen the actual use of punishment. 
B) The behavior and its punishment are directly related. 
C) The exact circumstances of the punishment are made clear. 
D) The correct behavior is rewarded. 
E) Punishment will mean punishment, and nothing else.

Question 12

According to Mischel,every individual's if … then pattern of contingencies is unique and comprises his ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  personality 
B)  life narrative 
C)  behavioral signature 
D)  personal goals 
A)  personality 
B)  life narrative 
C)  behavioral signature 
D)  personal goals

Question 13

Philosopher John Locke's conception of the newborn mind as a tabula rasa (blank slate)is closely associated with the idea of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  associationism 
B)  empiricism 
C)  rationalism 
D)  existentialism 
A)  associationism 
B)  empiricism 
C)  rationalism 
D)  existentialism

Question 14

Which of the following psychologists was NOT considered a social learning theorist?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bandura 
B)  Dollard 
C)  Rotter 
D)  Thorndike 
A)  Bandura 
B)  Dollard 
C)  Rotter 
D)  Thorndike

Question 15

As a child,Robin was frequently surrounded by many people and came to see herself as a very sociable person.As an adult,she has chosen a career that requires her to interact with other people on a daily basis.As a result,Robin is becoming even more sociable than before.This process is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the approach-avoidance goal system 
B)  reciprocal determinism 
C)  vicarious learning 
D)  the expectancy value theory 
A)  the approach-avoidance goal system 
B)  reciprocal determinism 
C)  vicarious learning 
D)  the expectancy value theory

Question 16

An individual's environment,from a behaviorist perspective,includes his or her ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  thoughts, feelings, and emotions 
B)  close surroundings with others who offer support and advice 
C)  rewards and punishments in the physical and social world 
D)  immediate physical space (e.g., a forest, or a house) 
A)  thoughts, feelings, and emotions 
B)  close surroundings with others who offer support and advice 
C)  rewards and punishments in the physical and social world 
D)  immediate physical space (e.g., a forest, or a house)

Question 17

According to Mischel,what is the most important aspect of personality and cognition?

Accepted Answer

A)  Personality traits are subordinate to cognitive processes. 
B)  Cognitive processes are subordinate to personality traits. 
C)  The many systems of personality and cognition interact. 
D)  Systems of personality and cognition operate in a serial process. 
A)  Personality traits are subordinate to cognitive processes. 
B)  Cognitive processes are subordinate to personality traits. 
C)  The many systems of personality and cognition interact. 
D)  Systems of personality and cognition operate in a serial process.

Question 18

Bart eats a new dish at his favorite restaurant and throws up an hour later.According to the process of classical conditioning,he will most likely ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  become nauseated at the sight of all restaurants 
B)  try the dish again when another chef prepares it 
C)  attribute his vomiting to an illness 
D)  never eat that dish again 
A)  become nauseated at the sight of all restaurants 
B)  try the dish again when another chef prepares it 
C)  attribute his vomiting to an illness 
D)  never eat that dish again

Question 19

According to Skinner's terminology,behavior that acts on the environment and changes environmental conditions to the organism's advantage is ________ behavior.

Accepted Answer

A)  respondent 
B)  reinforced 
C)  operant 
D)  reciprocally determined 
A)  respondent 
B)  reinforced 
C)  operant 
D)  reciprocally determined

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT an optimal way to administer punishment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Provide multiple alternatives to the punishment-inducing behavior. 
B)  Be clear and specific about what behavior you are punishing. 
C)  Administer a punishment after the individual has had time to reflect on his or her behavior. 
D)  Condition a secondary punishing stimulus. 
A)  Provide multiple alternatives to the punishment-inducing behavior. 
B)  Be clear and specific about what behavior you are punishing. 
C)  Administer a punishment after the individual has had time to reflect on his or her behavior. 
D)  Condition a secondary punishing stimulus.

The alternating tones of a car alarm are a means to prevent ________.

According to the text,a distinctive aspect of humans is that we learn ________.

According to the text,learning theorists emphasize ________ in influencing one's behavior.

Experiments have shown that if one receives rewards and/or punishments randomly (i.e.,regardless of what one does),then one is likely to develop depression.This phenomenon is known as ________.

When a new mobile is first hung over baby Jessica's crib,she looks at it frequently,but after several weeks pass she hardly notices it.Jessica has become ________ to the mobile.

Hedonism provides the ________ necessary for learning and behavior to occur.

Describe how classic learning theory principles can be used to explain superstitious behavior (do not consider principles of social learning theory).Explain how these learning theory ideas can also be used to understand something more pervasive such as aggressive behavior.

In Pavlov's famous studies,when the presentation of meat was frequently preceded by the sound of a bell,dogs ________.

Dietlinde is interviewing for a job and is confident that she'll be able to convince the hiring committee of her merit and credentials and will therefore surely get the job.Dietlinde has ________.

Mischel's if … then model is rooted in Watson's ________.

Match the implication that is best associated with a principle of effective punishment. -Behavioral and situational specificity

According to Mischel,every individual's if … then pattern of contingencies is unique and comprises his ________.

Philosopher John Locke's conception of the newborn mind as a tabula rasa (blank slate)is closely associated with the idea of ________.

Which of the following psychologists was NOT considered a social learning theorist?

An individual's environment,from a behaviorist perspective,includes his or her ________.

According to Mischel,what is the most important aspect of personality and cognition?

Bart eats a new dish at his favorite restaurant and throws up an hour later.According to the process of classical conditioning,he will most likely ________.

According to Skinner's terminology,behavior that acts on the environment and changes environmental conditions to the organism's advantage is ________ behavior.

Which of the following is NOT an optimal way to administer punishment?

The Study of the Person

Personality Research Methods

Assessment, Effect Size, and Ethics

Personality Traits,Situations,and Behavior

Personality Judgment

Using Personality Traits to Understand Behavior

Personality Stability, Development, and Change

The Anatomy and Physiology of Personality

The Inheritance of Personality: Behavioral Genetics and Evolutionary Psychology

Basics of Psychoanalysis

Psychoanalysis After Freud: Neo-Freudians, Object Relations, and Current Research

Experience,Existence,and the Meaning of Life: Humanistic and Positive Psychology

Cultural Variation in Experience, Behavior, and Personality

Personality Processes: Perception, Thought, Motivation, and Emotion

The Self: What You Know About You

Personality, Mental Health, and Physical Health

Epilogue: Looking Back and Looking Ahead

Filters

Exam 14: Learning to Be a Person: Behaviorism and the Social Learning Theories

The alternating tones of a car alarm are a means to prevent ________.

According to the text,a distinctive aspect of humans is that we learn ________.

According to the text,learning theorists emphasize ________ in influencing one's behavior.

Experiments have shown that if one receives rewards and/or punishments randomly (i.e.,regardless of what one does),then one is likely to develop depression.This phenomenon is known as ________.

When a new mobile is first hung over baby Jessica's crib,she looks at it frequently,but after several weeks pass she hardly notices it.Jessica has become ________ to the mobile.

Hedonism provides the ________ necessary for learning and behavior to occur.

Describe how classic learning theory principles can be used to explain superstitious behavior (do not consider principles of social learning theory).Explain how these learning theory ideas can also be used to understand something more pervasive such as aggressive behavior.

In Pavlov's famous studies,when the presentation of meat was frequently preceded by the sound of a bell,dogs ________.

Dietlinde is interviewing for a job and is confident that she'll be able to convince the hiring committee of her merit and credentials and will therefore surely get the job.Dietlinde has ________.

Mischel's if … then model is rooted in Watson's ________.

Match the implication that is best associated with a principle of effective punishment. -Behavioral and situational specificity

According to Mischel,every individual's if … then pattern of contingencies is unique and comprises his ________.

Philosopher John Locke's conception of the newborn mind as a tabula rasa (blank slate)is closely associated with the idea of ________.

Which of the following psychologists was NOT considered a social learning theorist?

An individual's environment,from a behaviorist perspective,includes his or her ________.

According to Mischel,what is the most important aspect of personality and cognition?

Bart eats a new dish at his favorite restaurant and throws up an hour later.According to the process of classical conditioning,he will most likely ________.

According to Skinner's terminology,behavior that acts on the environment and changes environmental conditions to the organism's advantage is ________ behavior.

Which of the following is NOT an optimal way to administer punishment?

The Study of the Person

Personality Research Methods

Assessment, Effect Size, and Ethics

Personality Traits,Situations,and Behavior

Personality Judgment

Using Personality Traits to Understand Behavior

Personality Stability, Development, and Change

The Anatomy and Physiology of Personality

The Inheritance of Personality: Behavioral Genetics and Evolutionary Psychology

Basics of Psychoanalysis

Psychoanalysis After Freud: Neo-Freudians, Object Relations, and Current Research

Experience,Existence,and the Meaning of Life: Humanistic and Positive Psychology

Cultural Variation in Experience, Behavior, and Personality

Personality Processes: Perception, Thought, Motivation, and Emotion

The Self: What You Know About You

Personality, Mental Health, and Physical Health

Epilogue: Looking Back and Looking Ahead

Filters