Exam 8: Constructing and Reacting to Cybercrime: Labeling and Moral Panics

_________ explains human behavior as facilitated by symbols whose meanings are derived from and interpretations are modified by social interactions with others.

________ is a hyperbolic concern and emotional reaction to incidents viewed as threats to the social order because of overblown and exaggerated media reports and reactions to them by politicians, policy makers, lawmakers, and agents of the criminal justice system.

Which of the following laws was struck down (or at the very least a portion of the law was struck down) by the U.S. Supreme Court as unconstitutional?

A(n) ___________ is one that gains authorized access to a system to determine weaknesses and inform the owner, operator, or employer responsible for the system about these vulnerabilities, potentially along with suggestions on how to deal with them.

Deviancy amplification is a term coined by Leslie Wilkins.

_______ is a school of thought that seeks to shed light on the meanings of individuals' actions by focusing on how individuals understand, process, interpret, and respond to objects and events.

Sensationalized media reports draw attention to an issue and an individual or group; the individuals who are the target of this attention become isolated from society; and this ultimately leads to a greater identification of these individuals with one another, which, in turn, fosters and cultivates deviance and criminality. This process is known as _____________.

Moral entrepreneurs can be _______________.

_________ examines deviant and criminal taxonomies and how they shape individual identities and influence behavior.

Primary deviance includes acts committed because of the deviant label and societal responses to the deviant act.

A(n) ___________ is an individual who gains unauthorized access to a system for malicious reasons with the intention of causing harm.

Which of the following is not a key attribute of a moral panic?

Who does not play a key role in a moral panic?

A(n) ___________ is innovative and has the technical acumen needed to exploit and manipulate systems.

The threat inducing a moral panic is a unique occurrence and not a threat that has existed for some time.

_______ holds that individuals may react to sanctions by defying them if the sanctions are viewed as unjust, which ultimately leads to an increase rather than a decrease in crime.

Real social issues can be adequately dealt with using online shaming.

_______ is a positive or negative belief that ultimately materializes because it is believed to be true.

A grey hat hacker does not fit the black hat or white hat hacker label, falling instead somewhere in between.

Script kiddies have also been labeled point-and-clickers.