Exam 9: Cognitive and Language Development in Early Childhood

Thinking of hierarchical categorization of words (for example, the order from general to basic to specific), which would be considered a specific-level word?

As children acquire language skills during early childhood, they display impressive expansion in their vocabularies, which best reflects

In what ways does family context help promote social-cognitive development?

Children's experience with chronic stress is linked to physiological reactions and lower executive functioning. What role does stress play?

In a lab, a child was asked to cover her eyes. When asked if her mom can still see her, the child said: "no because my eyes are closed" What is this thought process referred to as?

Conjunctions such as "when" "but" or "and" are increasingly used by children as they develop their language skills. What do these conjunctions allow children to do?

A child is upset because she wants to go to sleep but the sun won't "turn off" because the time is 8:30 and that is her bedtime. How would Piaget explain this thought process?

A preschool child is presented with the wug test (Berko, 1958). After she was shown an image of one wug, there was an additional picture with two characters and the sentence below said: "there are two _______." The child could not answer correctly. What might explain this issue?

Research has shown cultural beliefs and practices may lead to differences in executive functioning skills. A study examined such differences and found East Asian children have cognitive advantages compared to European American children. What are some of these differences and potential reasons for this?

According to some researchers, in the false-belief task, a key requirement is for children to remember where the original object was placed and where it was moved to. Researcher's attribute which of the following as a possible explanation for such age-related improvements?

The preoperational stage of cognitive development is a time period of great change and ability. According to Piaget what are some hallmarks?

Which example does not reflect a common overregularization in grammar?

Create your own false-belief study. How would you develop this and what questions would you ask children?

Children's expanding understanding of norms around language use (for example, knowing how much to talk, when to talk) is referred to as

A study (Tamis-LeMonda et al., 2013) explored ethnic differences using a set of blocks containing math symbols, letters and images. The researchers observed that Chinese mothers taught symbolic math-related concepts most, followed by African-American mothers and lastly, Latinx mothers. What does this finding suggest?

Researchers have found that theory of mind can actually help children with deception and persuasion. Which explanation best explains this connection?

What role does teacher quality play a limited or expansive role in language and literacy? Explain how.

Judy DeLoache used a scale model to hide a toy under a toy couch identical to a life-size couch in the room. A 4-year-old could find the real toy under the life-size couch after realizing the scale model was a copy of the room. According to DeLoache, why were 30-month-olds unable to find the toy in the same way?

Which curriculum promotes math skills with activities and stories that target children's abilities to solve problems and improve reasoning abilities?

Wimmer and Perner (1993) created a task in which a child places an object in one cupboard and leaves the room. Then, the child's mother comes in and moves the object to another cupboard. Children between the ages of 3 and 9 are shown this scene and asked where they expect the child would look for the object upon returning to the room. Which response describes typical responses to this question?