Exam 1: Introduction: What Is Corrections?

There are three types of deterrence.

Who was Émile Durkheim and how did he relate to the function of punishment?

Which doctrine maintains that all life goals are desirable only as means to the end of achieving pleasure or avoiding pain?

______ is the state of having good sense and sound judgment.

Severity of punishment is the most effective element in deterrence.

Which justification for punishment focuses on both actual and potential offenders?

A candidate for public office recently stated, "Criminals deserve to suffer because of the harm they cause our society." This statement corresponds with ______.

The Enlightenment concept of human nature sees individuals as all of the following EXCEPT ______.

General deterrence is aimed at potential offenders.

______ is the most recently identified objective of the practice of punishment.

Incapacitation works as a form of ______ while offenders are incarcerated.

Explain the major justifications for punishment.

Corrections serves which primary functions for accused and convicted individuals?

Based on 2015 data, which of the following crimes is least likely to be cleared by arrest or exceptional means?

General deterrence focuses on the prevention of criminal behavior in ______.

______ believed that human action was often evoked by circumstances beyond the individual's control.

The notion of legal responsibility was called into question by ______.

Positivists rejected much of the philosophical basis of classical thinkers' arguments and, instead, relied on what?

How does specific deterrence differ from general deterrence?

When the state assumes responsibility for punishing wrongdoers, rather than leaving this up to individuals, this is best characterized as ______.