Question 1

In what region of the world is the incidence of infection with HIV highest?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In what region of the world is...

Question 2

In which of the following regions has AIDS killed the largest number of individuals?

Accepted Answer

A)  India 
B)  Sub-Saharan Africa 
C)  United States 
D)  China 
E)  United Kingdom 
A)  India 
B)  Sub-Saharan Africa 
C)  United States 
D)  China 
E)  United Kingdom

Question 3

What is the function of the product of the viral gene vpu in human infections of HIV?

Accepted Answer

The viral gene vpu (in a similar manner

Question 4

The proteins that enable the HIV virus to bind to cells are typically CD4 and CCR5.On what type of cells are these proteins typically observed?

Accepted Answer

A)  plasma cells 
B)  dendritic cells 
C)  effector helper T cells 
D)  memory helper T cells 
E)  both C and D 
A)  plasma cells 
B)  dendritic cells 
C)  effector helper T cells 
D)  memory helper T cells 
E)  both C and D

Question 5

Tetherin is an important protein produced by the host.What is the function of tetherin in protecting a host cell from HIV?

Accepted Answer

A)  ties maturing virions to the membrane of the host cell, thereby preventing the release of the mature virus 
B)  binds the virus to the external host cell membrane, thereby preventing the virus from entering the host cell 
C)  binds the viral RNA to reverse transcriptase, thus preventing synthesis of the viral DNA 
D)  binds the two viral RNA strands together, thus preventing the transcription of viral DNA in the host cell 
E)  causes the maturing virions to aggregate together, thus preventing their release from the host cell 
A)  ties maturing virions to the membrane of the host cell, thereby preventing the release of the mature virus 
B)  binds the virus to the external host cell membrane, thereby preventing the virus from entering the host cell 
C)  binds the viral RNA to reverse transcriptase, thus preventing synthesis of the viral DNA 
D)  binds the two viral RNA strands together, thus preventing the transcription of viral DNA in the host cell 
E)  causes the maturing virions to aggregate together, thus preventing their release from the host cell

Question 6

Originally,HIV was thought to be restricted to transmission during homosexual contact between gay men.List other ways in which HIV is currently known to be transmitted.

Accepted Answer

HIV can be transmitted by hete

Question 7

Following long periods of infection with HIV,an X4 strain often evolves.What evolutionary advantage does the X4 strain confer on the viral population,and what specific protein does this strain interact with?

Accepted Answer

The evolutionary advantage of

Question 8

Antibodies and killer T cells recognize HIV or HIV-infected cells by binding to short pieces of viral proteins displayed on the virus or the infected host cell.These short pieces of viral proteins are called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  coat proteins 
B)  virosomes 
C)  proteosomes 
D)  epitopes 
E)  episomes 
A)  coat proteins 
B)  virosomes 
C)  proteosomes 
D)  epitopes 
E)  episomes

Question 9

What is the effect of the ∆32 allele of CCR5 on HIV binding?

Accepted Answer

A)  appears on the surface of CD4 T cells, but the HIV virion is unable to infect the host cell 
B)  does not appear on the surface of CD4 T cells 
C)  appears on the surface of the CD4 T cells and inactivates the virion upon binding 
D)  interferes with binding of the virion to the CD4 receptor protein 
E)  appears on the surface of the CD4 T cells and causes the virion to lyse upon binding 
A)  appears on the surface of CD4 T cells, but the HIV virion is unable to infect the host cell 
B)  does not appear on the surface of CD4 T cells 
C)  appears on the surface of the CD4 T cells and inactivates the virion upon binding 
D)  interferes with binding of the virion to the CD4 receptor protein 
E)  appears on the surface of the CD4 T cells and causes the virion to lyse upon binding

Question 10

When AZT is used to treat HIV infections,why does resistance to AZT usually develop?

Accepted Answer

Mutations present in the viral populatio

In what region of the world is the incidence of infection with HIV highest?

In which of the following regions has AIDS killed the largest number of individuals?

What is the function of the product of the viral gene vpu in human infections of HIV?

The proteins that enable the HIV virus to bind to cells are typically CD4 and CCR5.On what type of cells are these proteins typically observed?

Tetherin is an important protein produced by the host.What is the function of tetherin in protecting a host cell from HIV?

Originally,HIV was thought to be restricted to transmission during homosexual contact between gay men.List other ways in which HIV is currently known to be transmitted.

Following long periods of infection with HIV,an X4 strain often evolves.What evolutionary advantage does the X4 strain confer on the viral population,and what specific protein does this strain interact with?

Antibodies and killer T cells recognize HIV or HIV-infected cells by binding to short pieces of viral proteins displayed on the virus or the infected host cell.These short pieces of viral proteins are called ________.

What is the effect of the ∆32 allele of CCR5 on HIV binding?

When AZT is used to treat HIV infections,why does resistance to AZT usually develop?

The Pattern of Evolution

Evolution by Natural Selection

Estimating Evolutionary Trees

Variation Among Individuals

Mendelian Genetics in Populations I: Selection and Mutation

Mendelian Genetics in Populations II: Migration, Drift, & Nonrandom Mating

Evolution at Multiple Loci: Linkage and Sex

Evolution at Multiple Loci: Quantitative Genetics

Studying Adaptation: Evolutionary Analysis of Form and Function

Sexual Selection

The Evolution of Social Behavior

Aging and Other Life-History Characters

Evolution and Human Health

Phylogenomics and the Molecular Basis of Adaptation

Mechanisms of Speciation

The Origins of Life and Precambrian Evolution

Evolution and the Fossil Record

Development and Evolution

Human Evolution

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Exam 1: A Case for Evolutionary Thinking: Understanding HIV

In what region of the world is the incidence of infection with HIV highest?

In which of the following regions has AIDS killed the largest number of individuals?

What is the function of the product of the viral gene vpu in human infections of HIV?

The proteins that enable the HIV virus to bind to cells are typically CD4 and CCR5.On what type of cells are these proteins typically observed?

Tetherin is an important protein produced by the host.What is the function of tetherin in protecting a host cell from HIV?

Originally,HIV was thought to be restricted to transmission during homosexual contact between gay men.List other ways in which HIV is currently known to be transmitted.

Following long periods of infection with HIV,an X4 strain often evolves.What evolutionary advantage does the X4 strain confer on the viral population,and what specific protein does this strain interact with?

Antibodies and killer T cells recognize HIV or HIV-infected cells by binding to short pieces of viral proteins displayed on the virus or the infected host cell.These short pieces of viral proteins are called ________.

What is the effect of the ∆32 allele of CCR5 on HIV binding?

When AZT is used to treat HIV infections,why does resistance to AZT usually develop?

The Pattern of Evolution

Evolution by Natural Selection

Estimating Evolutionary Trees

Variation Among Individuals

Mendelian Genetics in Populations I: Selection and Mutation

Mendelian Genetics in Populations II: Migration, Drift, & Nonrandom Mating

Evolution at Multiple Loci: Linkage and Sex

Evolution at Multiple Loci: Quantitative Genetics

Studying Adaptation: Evolutionary Analysis of Form and Function

Sexual Selection

The Evolution of Social Behavior

Aging and Other Life-History Characters

Evolution and Human Health

Phylogenomics and the Molecular Basis of Adaptation

Mechanisms of Speciation

The Origins of Life and Precambrian Evolution

Evolution and the Fossil Record

Development and Evolution

Human Evolution

Filters