Exam 2: The Pattern of Evolution

What is the biological species concept put forth by Ernst Mayr in 1942?

The theory that species do not change over time,are created separately and independently,and that the Earth and life on Earth are young is called the ________.[four words]

Explain and provide evidence to support uniformitarianism,and how this evidence refutes the theory of special creation.

What are structural homologies?

The comparative anatomist Georges Cuvier confirmed the concept of extinction in 1812 when he demonstrated that there were no extant species anatomically related to the fossilized remains of the ________.

What was the evolutionary significance of Georges Cuvier's analysis of the fossilized Irish elk,published in 1812?

In Dianne Dodd's experiments with Drosophila pseudoobscura,different populations were established that were raised on diets of either maltose or starch.When flies from the different populations were allowed to mate,some flies mated with flies fed on a different food source,but there was a preference for mating with flies raised on the same food source.What does this phenomenon illustrate about the timescale of speciation?

Discuss how the proximal CMT1A repeat that appears near the gene coding for peripheral myelin protein-22 (PMP-22)has been used to examine the phylogenetic relationships between humans,chimpanzees,bonobos,gorillas,orangutans and several other primates,and why this repeat provides evidence that supports the theory of descent with modification and against the theory of special creation.

Andrew Hendry and colleagues demonstrated that the process of speciation is gradual by studying the distribution and variation in gill raker length in ________.

The concept of uniformitarianism,articulated by James Hutton in the late 1700s,states that ________.