Exam 13: Aging and Other Life-History Characters

Female sand crickets are known to develop either long- or short-winged forms.The short-winged forms devote more of their energy budget to ovary development,whereas the long-winged forms allocate more to flight.Explain how natural selection could have produced these two phenotypic variants,given that the essential measure of fitness is reproductive success.

The decline in an individual's fertility,with a corresponding decrease in the likelihood of survival,is known as ________.

Living things show a wide range of diversity where reproductive strategies are concerned.The branch of evolution devoted to the analysis of this diversity is known as ________ analysis.

At the most fundamental of levels,differences in life histories (that is,reproductive strategies)are trade-offs that are based on differences in the ________.

Studies by Elgar and Berrigan (shown in the accompanying figure show a ________ [positive/negative] correlation between the number of ________ and the size of ________.

In reading the accompanying figure from left to right,the data reveal that as herbivorous mammals get ________,their litter sizes get ________.

Lack's hypothesis was first proposed by David Lack in 1947.Describe and explain the essence of this hypothesis,along with the major assumptions that go along with it.Are the assumptions warranted? Do research data support Lack's hypothesis?

Telomeres,tandem repeat sequences at the ends of chromosomes,generally get shorter after every cell division.The resulting mechanism involves a protein called p53,which ________.

Positive correlations have been found between ________.

Which of the following is NOT one of the assumptions of Lack's hypothesis?