Exam 2: The Brain, the Body, and Behavior

Arousal of the sympathetic nervous system leads to a cascade of physiological responses also know as the

Action potentials can only occur once a neuron receives input beyond this.

This tubular bundle of nerve tracts is the communication pathway between the brain and the rest of the body.

Opiate agonists mimic the activity of these pain-killing neurotransmitters

The somatic nervous system is mainly responsible for regulating

This type of cell not only assists neural functioning but outnumbers the neuron in the nervous system.

Between 50 and 70 percent of the brain's neurons make up this hindbrain structure.

The nerves that enable movement of the limbs and sensation from the skin and muscles are part of the _____________ nervous system, while the nerves that regulate organ function are part of the ____________ nervous system.

These motor actions are automatic and not controlled by the brain.

The cells that convert physical energy into a form that may be transmitted to the brain are called

When a drug decreases the effect of a neurotransmitter is called a(n)

Most substances in the blood stream are allowed to freely enter the brain through the blood-brain barrier.

Neurons receive information via _________ which are embedded in their membranes.

Describe the electrochemical processes that enable the following: polarization, depolarization, and repolarization. In your answer, make sure to mention resting potentials and action potentials.

Which of the following best describes the functions of the prefrontal cortex?

In the spinal cord and brain ____________ matter is made of cell bodies, unmyelinated axons, glia, and dendrites, while ____________ matter is made of myelinated axons.

This limbic-system structure links the nervous system to the endocrine system and also regulates sexual and aggressive impulses.

Bundled axons that form communication channels outside the central nervous system are called

When the corpus callosum is damaged by trauma or severed during surgery, the result is the complete loss of language functioning.

Evidence for brain plasticity came from brain-imaging studies of professional musicians that revealed enlargements of auditory cortical areas based on the number of years of musical training.