Exam 6: Learning

Which of the following is an example of stimulus discrimination in classical conditioning?

Based on observational learning research, which of the following is TRUE?

Extinction occurs in _____ conditioning when the US and CS are no longer paired; extinction occurs in _____ conditioning, when reinforcement is withheld.

The addition of a(n) _____ stimulus results in positive reinforcement; whereas the subtraction of a(n) _____ stimulus results in negative reinforcement.

Primary reinforcers _____.

Although Henrietta extinguished her fear of spiders several months ago, she suddenly gasped in horror and felt her heart pounding when she saw an itsy-bitsy spider on her desk. This is an example of _____.

This is the idea that an organism has a built-in readiness to form associations between certain stimuli and responses.

Continuous reinforcement is "better" when it comes to _____; partial reinforcement is "better" when it comes to _____.

Lauryn has an irrational fear of flying. Use classical conditioning theory to explain how she learned this fear. Provide a definition of conditioned stimulus, unconditioned stimulus, conditioned response, unconditioned response, and indicate each term that is used in Lauryn's conditioning.

There are some behaviors that cannot be _____ conditioned because biological preparedness suggests that a species will favor natural instinctive behaviors to those being reinforced.

Behaviors that are more common in your life make better reinforcers than behaviors that are less common. This is known as _____.

The phase during which a neutral stimulus is paired consistently with an unconditioned stimulus so that the neutral stimulus comes to elicit a conditioned response is called ______.

The occurrence of a learned response only to a specific stimulus and not to other, similar stimuli is called stimulus _____.

Which of the following pairs occur in higher order conditioning?