Exam 6: Basic Learning and Perception

________ is the state of alertness or arousal that allows the individual to focus on a selected aspect of the environment.

Can newborns taste? How can one tell?

The skin's sensory receptors are the last to develop prenatally.

A child who prefers to look at a film showing an activity that matches the sounds he is hearing rather than a film showing an activity discrepant with the sounds he is hearing is displaying

The ability to perceive a single image of an object even though perceptual input is binocular and differs slightly for each eye is called

When sensory information is not tied to a particular sensory modality but shared across two or more of them,this is referred to as

The finding that once babies have habituated to an event,they often display a renewed response to a change in the stimulus indicates that habituation is a form of fatigue.

The smallest unit of sound that changes the meanings of words is called a

Young infants' tendency to look preferentially at the outer contours of complete visual stimuli is called the

Sasha was very ill as an infant and had to receive many injections in the hospital.Now that she is a toddler,Sasha still displays strong fear when she sees a doctor.

Studies of looking behavior designed to explore the perceptual capacities of infants are most informative when infants

What is observational learning,and what is its relationship to learning development?

________ signal depth in photos or two-dimensional arrays.

As we age,we lose our ability to distinguish between variations in meter in musical patterns,which differ across cultures.This is an example of

The visuomotor process by which small involuntary muscles change the shape of the lens of the eye so that images of objects seen at different distances are brought into focus on the retina is called

An infant who has already learned to crawl and is just beginning to walk is placed on the visual cliff.When he crawls he responds appropriately to the perception of depth.When he walks,however,he does not.Explain this phenomenon,including an explanation of the visual cliff.

What is implicit learning,and what is its relationship to learning development?

Research on the interaction between experience and perceptual development suggests that

Jess is a few days old and already responds to his mother's voice and the book she read him in the last weeks of her pregnancy.This is an example of how in utero,the fetus acquires

The scent of formula elicits a sucking response in a bottle-fed infant.The scent is a conditioned stimulus.