Exam 6: Basic Learning and Perception

Perceptual narrowing refers to the ability to better discriminate the familiar,such as phonemes and faces,through experience.

Which of the following would be a good summary of perceptual development?

Marasol was repeatedly presented with a picture of a large,blue butterfly.Although she looked at the picture when it was first presented,she tired of it and hardly looked at it when it was presented for the eighth time.When the stimulus was changed to a small,blue butterfly,Marasol again showed an interest by looking at the picture for a longer time.Marasol's renewed interest in the picture illustrates

________ is the practice of withdrawing an aversive stimulus with the purpose of strengthening a preceding response.

What is classical conditioning,and what is its relationship to learning development?

The tendency for infants younger than two months to focus on the external features of a complex stimulus and explore the internal features less systematically is called

Touching John's cheek causes him to turn his head.Before Mother touches John's cheek,she speaks to him.John now turns whenever he hears his mother's voice.Mother's voice is a(n)

Behaviors tend to increase when followed by negative reinforcement.

Two-month-old Timothy was presented with a picture of a rectangle until he showed habituation of attention.When the rectangle was rotated,the habituation continued.When the shape was changed to a square,however,Timothy showed recovery from habituation.These observations suggest that

Hank grew up in an environment where there are relatively few straight paths and homes are likely to be circular hollows carved in mountainous hillsides.He

When Brian wakes in the morning,he knows to expect to follow a routine of getting dressed and ready for the day.This understanding is an example of the implicit learning that is important for learning information organized by patterns and rules.

When her parents first hung the new mobile over her crib,Hannah paid a great deal of attention to it.But as time passed,Hannah paid less attention to the mobile,looking at it less often and for shorter periods of time.Hannah is exhibiting

Which of the following is not true of intermodal perceptual development?

________ is the basic information in the external world that is recorded by receptors in the brain.

What is a "carpentered" environment,and how does it relate to perceptual development?

Which of the following is not true regarding infants' auditory preferences?

Newborns have difficulty regulating their own temperature because

Delores repeatedly showed Curtis,her two-month-old,a picture of his grandfather.She noticed that Curtis seemed to become less interested in looking at the picture each time she showed it to him.Then she showed Curtis a picture of his grandmother,and he looked at it as long as he had first looked at his grandfather's picture.Curtis's loss of interest in his grandfather's picture demonstrates

When Doreen was in her ninth month of pregnancy,she read nursery rhymes out loud every night for her unborn child to hear.Current research suggests that Doreen's baby

If a researcher were to observe the preferential-looking behavior of a three-month-old,she or he would most likely find that the infant looked at