Question 1

Adolescents who have clear views about issues and base these views on their own decision-making are said to have a status of

Accepted Answer

A)  identity-diffusion. 
B)  foreclosure. 
C)  moratorium. 
D)  identity-achievement. 
A)  identity-diffusion. 
B)  foreclosure. 
C)  moratorium. 
D)  identity-achievement.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a factor in the emergence of conscience?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ability to recognize emotional reactions 
B)  Ability to regulate and inhibit behavior 
C)  Parental behaviors,such as rumination 
D)  Parental behaviors,such as responsiveness 
A)  Ability to recognize emotional reactions 
B)  Ability to regulate and inhibit behavior 
C)  Parental behaviors,such as rumination 
D)  Parental behaviors,such as responsiveness

Question 3

Clara and Marvin displayed a high discrepancy between their perceived and desired competence,but Clara perceived greater social support than did Marvin.Which of the following statements is most accurate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Clara will have a lower sense of self-worth because gender is the most important factor influencing self-worth. 
B)  Clara will have a greater sense of self-worth because both the degree of discrepancy and social support are important factors influencing self-worth. 
C)  Clara and Marvin will have a similar sense of self-worth because the degree of discrepancy is the most important factor influencing self-worth. 
D)  It is impossible to predict the level of self-worth that any individual will have. 
A)  Clara will have a lower sense of self-worth because gender is the most important factor influencing self-worth. 
B)  Clara will have a greater sense of self-worth because both the degree of discrepancy and social support are important factors influencing self-worth. 
C)  Clara and Marvin will have a similar sense of self-worth because the degree of discrepancy is the most important factor influencing self-worth. 
D)  It is impossible to predict the level of self-worth that any individual will have.

Question 4

Between two and three years of age,children become increasingly effective at delaying their behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Some researchers believe there is a link between prosocial behavior and

Accepted Answer

A)  altruism. 
B)  empathy. 
C)  morality. 
D)  sympathy. 
A)  altruism. 
B)  empathy. 
C)  morality. 
D)  sympathy.

Question 6

One sociocultural difference in definitions of self is related to defining oneself based on good/bad behavior versus competent/talented behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Explain Piaget's concepts of moral realism and moral relativism.

Accepted Answer

Moral realism is Piaget's first stage of

Question 8

For infants and toddlers,regulation of behavior might best be labeled co-regulation since children and their caregivers jointly manage behavior.These joint efforts usually revolve around

Accepted Answer

A)  societal demands. 
B)  demands for appropriate behavior. 
C)  demands for competent action. 
D)  caregiving demands. 
A)  societal demands. 
B)  demands for appropriate behavior. 
C)  demands for competent action. 
D)  caregiving demands.

Question 9

How does social learning theory account for the development of conscience? What is the importance of moral behavior in this theory?

Accepted Answer

Answers will vary,but should m

Question 10

What is an identity crises? Why is this common amongst adolescents?

Accepted Answer

An identity crisis is a period of doubt

Question 11

The ability of children to control their own behavior to conform to the expectations of caregivers and other adults is called

Accepted Answer

A)  alter ego. 
B)  self-regulation. 
C)  social cognition. 
D)  attribution retraining. 
A)  alter ego. 
B)  self-regulation. 
C)  social cognition. 
D)  attribution retraining.

Question 12

When parents use reasoning to encourage their children's altruistic behavior,they are using the technique of

Accepted Answer

A)  modeling. 
B)  power assertion. 
C)  induction. 
D)  reinforcement. 
A)  modeling. 
B)  power assertion. 
C)  induction. 
D)  reinforcement.

Question 13

The ________ other,the combined evaluations of parents,teachers,and peers that are influential to a person,helps to determine a person's self-esteem.

Accepted Answer

A)  immaculate 
B)  expected 
C)  idealized 
D)  generalized 
A)  immaculate 
B)  expected 
C)  idealized 
D)  generalized

Question 14

According to Gilligan,females typically develop a morality of justice as opposed to a morality of care and responsibility.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which of the following statements is most consistent with Carol Gilligan's point of view?

Accepted Answer

A)  Males and females develop a morality of justice. 
B)  A female's moral reasoning may differ from a male's,but it is not necessarily inferior to a male's. 
C)  Females show a form of moral reasoning that is lower than that seen in males. 
D)  All moral judgments made by males and females are based on abstract principles of equity. 
A)  Males and females develop a morality of justice. 
B)  A female's moral reasoning may differ from a male's,but it is not necessarily inferior to a male's. 
C)  Females show a form of moral reasoning that is lower than that seen in males. 
D)  All moral judgments made by males and females are based on abstract principles of equity.

Question 16

Which of the following statements is not true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Boys and girls display few differences in the amount of helping and sharing they do. 
B)  When in the presence of a crying baby,boys and girls are equally likely to try to soothe the baby. 
C)  No clear differences between male and female children have been found in self-reported measures of prosocial behavior. 
D)  Girls tend to have higher measures of kindness and consideration as compared to boys,but girls do not necessarily have higher measures of helping,comforting,and sharing. 
A)  Boys and girls display few differences in the amount of helping and sharing they do. 
B)  When in the presence of a crying baby,boys and girls are equally likely to try to soothe the baby. 
C)  No clear differences between male and female children have been found in self-reported measures of prosocial behavior. 
D)  Girls tend to have higher measures of kindness and consideration as compared to boys,but girls do not necessarily have higher measures of helping,comforting,and sharing.

Question 17

Explain the difference between empathy and sympathy?

Accepted Answer

Empathy is understanding and sharing the

Question 18

Social learning theorists are particularly interested in the child's acquisition of moral reasoning.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

In order to track and reach a goal,children begin to display their own attentional strategies during the ________ years.

Accepted Answer

A)  early infancy 
B)  late infancy 
C)  early preschool 
D)  late preschool 
A)  early infancy 
B)  late infancy 
C)  early preschool 
D)  late preschool

Question 20

Althea would like to see the government more than double its funding for research on an AIDS vaccine.She feels strongly that it is immoral to allow victims of the disease to die because of economic reasons.One might conclude that Althea is in which of Kohlberg's stages?

Accepted Answer

A)  Preconventional 
B)  Postconventional 
C)  Unconventional 
D)  Conventional 
A)  Preconventional 
B)  Postconventional 
C)  Unconventional 
D)  Conventional

Adolescents who have clear views about issues and base these views on their own decision-making are said to have a status of

Which of the following is NOT a factor in the emergence of conscience?

Clara and Marvin displayed a high discrepancy between their perceived and desired competence,but Clara perceived greater social support than did Marvin.Which of the following statements is most accurate?

Between two and three years of age,children become increasingly effective at delaying their behavior.

Some researchers believe there is a link between prosocial behavior and

One sociocultural difference in definitions of self is related to defining oneself based on good/bad behavior versus competent/talented behavior.

Explain Piaget's concepts of moral realism and moral relativism.

For infants and toddlers,regulation of behavior might best be labeled co-regulation since children and their caregivers jointly manage behavior.These joint efforts usually revolve around

How does social learning theory account for the development of conscience? What is the importance of moral behavior in this theory?

What is an identity crises? Why is this common amongst adolescents?

The ability of children to control their own behavior to conform to the expectations of caregivers and other adults is called

When parents use reasoning to encourage their children's altruistic behavior,they are using the technique of

The ________ other,the combined evaluations of parents,teachers,and peers that are influential to a person,helps to determine a person's self-esteem.

According to Gilligan,females typically develop a morality of justice as opposed to a morality of care and responsibility.

Which of the following statements is most consistent with Carol Gilligan's point of view?

Which of the following statements is not true?

Explain the difference between empathy and sympathy?

Social learning theorists are particularly interested in the child's acquisition of moral reasoning.

In order to track and reach a goal,children begin to display their own attentional strategies during the ________ years.

Althea would like to see the government more than double its funding for research on an AIDS vaccine.She feels strongly that it is immoral to allow victims of the disease to die because of economic reasons.One might conclude that Althea is in which of Kohlberg's stages?

Themes and Theories

Studying Child Development

Genetics and Heredity

The Prenatal Period and Birth

Brain, Motor Skill, and Physical Development

Basic Learning and Perception

Language

Cognition

Social Cognition

Achievement

Emotion

Gender

The Family

Peers

Beyond Family and Peers

Filters

Exam 12: Self and Values

Adolescents who have clear views about issues and base these views on their own decision-making are said to have a status of

Which of the following is NOT a factor in the emergence of conscience?

Clara and Marvin displayed a high discrepancy between their perceived and desired competence,but Clara perceived greater social support than did Marvin.Which of the following statements is most accurate?

Between two and three years of age,children become increasingly effective at delaying their behavior.

Some researchers believe there is a link between prosocial behavior and

One sociocultural difference in definitions of self is related to defining oneself based on good/bad behavior versus competent/talented behavior.

Explain Piaget's concepts of moral realism and moral relativism.

For infants and toddlers,regulation of behavior might best be labeled co-regulation since children and their caregivers jointly manage behavior.These joint efforts usually revolve around

How does social learning theory account for the development of conscience? What is the importance of moral behavior in this theory?

What is an identity crises? Why is this common amongst adolescents?

The ability of children to control their own behavior to conform to the expectations of caregivers and other adults is called

When parents use reasoning to encourage their children's altruistic behavior,they are using the technique of

The ________ other,the combined evaluations of parents,teachers,and peers that are influential to a person,helps to determine a person's self-esteem.

According to Gilligan,females typically develop a morality of justice as opposed to a morality of care and responsibility.

Which of the following statements is most consistent with Carol Gilligan's point of view?

Which of the following statements is not true?

Explain the difference between empathy and sympathy?

Social learning theorists are particularly interested in the child's acquisition of moral reasoning.

In order to track and reach a goal,children begin to display their own attentional strategies during the ________ years.

Althea would like to see the government more than double its funding for research on an AIDS vaccine.She feels strongly that it is immoral to allow victims of the disease to die because of economic reasons.One might conclude that Althea is in which of Kohlberg's stages?

Themes and Theories

Studying Child Development

Genetics and Heredity

The Prenatal Period and Birth

Brain, Motor Skill, and Physical Development

Basic Learning and Perception

Language

Cognition

Social Cognition

Achievement

Emotion

Gender

The Family

Peers

Beyond Family and Peers

Filters