Question 1

How do the numbers of chromosomes differ for organisms?

Accepted Answer

A)  Among all known living creatures, humans have the most chromosomes. 
B)  Animals have more chromosomes than plants. 
C)  Eukaryotes have more chromosomes than prokaryotes. 
D)  Prokaryotes have more chromosomes than fungi. 
A)  Among all known living creatures, humans have the most chromosomes. 
B)  Animals have more chromosomes than plants. 
C)  Eukaryotes have more chromosomes than prokaryotes. 
D)  Prokaryotes have more chromosomes than fungi. C

Question 2

What is a mistake that is made during copying of genetic information?

Accepted Answer

A)  genotype 
B)  mutation 
C)  variance 
D)  zygote 
A)  genotype 
B)  mutation 
C)  variance 
D)  zygote B

Question 3

Which description applies to typical quantitative traits?

Accepted Answer

A)  Such traits are easy to follow using Punnett squares. 
B)  Such traits are not affected by the environment. 
C)  Such traits are usually influenced by only one gene. 
D)  Such traits show continuous variation. 
A)  Such traits are easy to follow using Punnett squares. 
B)  Such traits are not affected by the environment. 
C)  Such traits are usually influenced by only one gene. 
D)  Such traits show continuous variation. D

Question 4

What term refers to the physical traits of an organism?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What term refers to the physical traits...

Question 5

Assuming that the genes are on separate chromosomes, an organism with the genotype AaBb will make gametes in the following proportions: 1/4 AB, 1/4 Ab, 1/4 aB, and 1/4 ab. What process produces such results?

Accepted Answer

A)  independent assortment 
B)  mutation 
C)  random fertilization 
D)  segregation 
A)  independent assortment 
B)  mutation 
C)  random fertilization 
D)  segregation

Question 6

What type of trait has an "off-or-on" character, where individuals have either one phenotype or another (for example, purple vs. white flowers)?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What type of trait has an "off-or-on"...

Question 7

What term refers to the genetic makeup of an organism?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What term refers to the genetic makeup...

Question 8

When a recessive allele is associated with a genetic disease in humans, what would heterozygotes be considered?

Accepted Answer

A)  vectors 
B)  dizygotic 
C)  carriers 
D)  qualitative 
A)  vectors 
B)  dizygotic 
C)  carriers 
D)  qualitative

Question 9

If the DNA contained in the chromosomes of an organism is similar to an instruction manual, then what are the genes "instructing" the cell to do?

Accepted Answer

A)  grow in size until a certain point is reached, then reproduce itself 
B)  convert carbohydrates into enzymes 
C)  change shape and structure to meet the demands of the local environment 
D)  synthesize specific proteins from amino acids 
A)  grow in size until a certain point is reached, then reproduce itself 
B)  convert carbohydrates into enzymes 
C)  change shape and structure to meet the demands of the local environment 
D)  synthesize specific proteins from amino acids

Question 10

What causes the differences between two human cell types (for example, a skin cell and a brain cell)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Different cell types begin with the same genes but eliminate certain genes as they develop. 
B)  Different cell types contain different genes. 
C)  Different cell types contain different proteins that give each cell a different function. 
D)  Different cell types contain the same genes but use different combinations of them. 
A)  Different cell types begin with the same genes but eliminate certain genes as they develop. 
B)  Different cell types contain different genes. 
C)  Different cell types contain different proteins that give each cell a different function. 
D)  Different cell types contain the same genes but use different combinations of them.

Question 11

What does a typical recessive allele code for?

Accepted Answer

A)  a lethal protein 
B)  a nonfunctional protein 
C)  a functional protein 
D)  a mutant protein 
A)  a lethal protein 
B)  a nonfunctional protein 
C)  a functional protein 
D)  a mutant protein

Question 12

Cystic fibrosis is caused by the allele f, which is completely recessive to the normal dominant allele F. Consider a couple who both have the genotype Ff. What is the chance that their first child will develop cystic fibrosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  0% 
B)  25% 
C)  50% 
D)  75% 
A)  0% 
B)  25% 
C)  50% 
D)  75%

Question 13

If DNA is like an instruction manual, what would be similar to the typographical errors that may result when the DNA manual is transcribed?

Accepted Answer

A)  dominant alleles 
B)  recessive alleles 
C)  mutations 
D)  homologous chromosomes 
A)  dominant alleles 
B)  recessive alleles 
C)  mutations 
D)  homologous chromosomes

Question 14

Huntington's disease is caused by the allele H, which is completely dominant to the normal recessive allele h. Consider a couple where the man has the genotype Hh, and the woman has the genotype hh. What is the chance that their first child will develop Huntington's disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  0% 
B)  25% 
C)  50% 
D)  75% 
A)  0% 
B)  25% 
C)  50% 
D)  75%

Question 15

How many genetically different children could your parents have produced with their combinations of gametes?

Accepted Answer

A)  46 
B)  285 
C)  8 million 
D)  64 trillion 
A)  46 
B)  285 
C)  8 million 
D)  64 trillion

Question 16

In a trait that shows continuous variation, what can we infer if the variance is low?

Accepted Answer

A)  The majority of individuals will be far above the mean. 
B)  The majority of individuals will be very close to the mean. 
C)  The majority of individuals will be far below the mean. 
D)  Relatively few individuals will be very close to the mean. 
A)  The majority of individuals will be far above the mean. 
B)  The majority of individuals will be very close to the mean. 
C)  The majority of individuals will be far below the mean. 
D)  Relatively few individuals will be very close to the mean.

Question 17

What is the correct sequence for the start of an organism's life cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)  fertilization → meiosis → zygote → embryo 
B)  meiosis → fertilization → zygote → embryo 
C)  fertilization → zygote → meiosis → embryo 
D)  meiosis → fertilization → embryo → zygote 
A)  fertilization → meiosis → zygote → embryo 
B)  meiosis → fertilization → zygote → embryo 
C)  fertilization → zygote → meiosis → embryo 
D)  meiosis → fertilization → embryo → zygote

Question 18

A heterozygous organism

Accepted Answer

A)  always shows a recessive trait. 
B)  can't produce gametes. 
C)  has two identical alleles of a gene. 
D)  has two different alleles of a gene. 
A)  always shows a recessive trait. 
B)  can't produce gametes. 
C)  has two identical alleles of a gene. 
D)  has two different alleles of a gene.

Question 19

If you're interested in studying one gene within a human, and each gene has two alleles, then how many boxes would be used in the Punnett square to predict the inheritance of the alleles?

Accepted Answer

A)  2 
B)  4 
C)  8 
D)  16 
A)  2 
B)  4 
C)  8 
D)  16

Question 20

When does a dominant genetic disorder occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  Only one allele of the gene is the mutant allele. 
B)  Both alleles of the gene are the mutant allele. 
C)  Neither allele of the gene is the mutant allele. 
D)  Either one or both alleles of the gene are mutant. 
A)  Only one allele of the gene is the mutant allele. 
B)  Both alleles of the gene are the mutant allele. 
C)  Neither allele of the gene is the mutant allele. 
D)  Either one or both alleles of the gene are mutant.

Exam 7: Are You Only As Smart As Your Genes Mendelian and Quantitative Genetics

How do the numbers of chromosomes differ for organisms?

What is a mistake that is made during copying of genetic information?

Which description applies to typical quantitative traits?

What term refers to the physical traits of an organism?

Assuming that the genes are on separate chromosomes, an organism with the genotype AaBb will make gametes in the following proportions: 1/4 AB, 1/4 Ab, 1/4 aB, and 1/4 ab. What process produces such results?

What type of trait has an "off-or-on" character, where individuals have either one phenotype or another (for example, purple vs. white flowers)?

What term refers to the genetic makeup of an organism?

When a recessive allele is associated with a genetic disease in humans, what would heterozygotes be considered?

If the DNA contained in the chromosomes of an organism is similar to an instruction manual, then what are the genes "instructing" the cell to do?

What causes the differences between two human cell types (for example, a skin cell and a brain cell)?

What does a typical recessive allele code for?

Cystic fibrosis is caused by the allele f, which is completely recessive to the normal dominant allele F. Consider a couple who both have the genotype Ff. What is the chance that their first child will develop cystic fibrosis?

If DNA is like an instruction manual, what would be similar to the typographical errors that may result when the DNA manual is transcribed?

Huntington's disease is caused by the allele H, which is completely dominant to the normal recessive allele h. Consider a couple where the man has the genotype Hh, and the woman has the genotype hh. What is the chance that their first child will develop Huntington's disease?

How many genetically different children could your parents have produced with their combinations of gametes?

In a trait that shows continuous variation, what can we infer if the variance is low?

What is the correct sequence for the start of an organism's life cycle?

A heterozygous organism

If you're interested in studying one gene within a human, and each gene has two alleles, then how many boxes would be used in the Punnett square to predict the inheritance of the alleles?

When does a dominant genetic disorder occur?

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