Question 1

What region of the heart acts as the heart's pacemaker?

Accepted Answer

A)  sinoatrial (S
A)  node 
B)  atrioventricular (AV) node 
C)  semilunar valve 
D)  ventricle 
A)  sinoatrial (S
A)  node 
B)  atrioventricular (AV) node 
C)  semilunar valve 
D)  ventricle A

Question 2

Some athletes use "blood doping," adding additional red blood cells to the blood, to achieve a competitive edge. What will the extra red blood cells do in the body?

Accepted Answer

A)  make the heart beat faster 
B)  increase O₂ delivery to muscles 
C)  decrease blood pressure 
D)  change the blood type 
A)  make the heart beat faster 
B)  increase O₂ delivery to muscles 
C)  decrease blood pressure 
D)  change the blood type B

Question 3

Which chamber of the heart receives the deoxygenated blood from the systemic system first?

Accepted Answer

A)  left ventricle 
B)  left atrium 
C)  right atrium 
D)  right ventricle 
A)  left ventricle 
B)  left atrium 
C)  right atrium 
D)  right ventricle C

Question 4

True or false: The presence of known carcinogens in ETS supports the argument that ETS can cause lung cancer in nonsmokers.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

What action does the respiratory system require signals from the nervous system to perform?

Accepted Answer

A)  enhancing the amount of available oxygen in the lungs 
B)  coordinating the muscles controlling breathing 
C)  releasing enzymes to increase the exchange of gases 
D)  exchanging gases with the circulatory system 
A)  enhancing the amount of available oxygen in the lungs 
B)  coordinating the muscles controlling breathing 
C)  releasing enzymes to increase the exchange of gases 
D)  exchanging gases with the circulatory system

Question 6

Chronic smoking can lead to the formation of scar tissue in the lungs, permanently damaging alveoli. What condition results from this process?

Accepted Answer

A)  bronchitis 
B)  asthma 
C)  emphysema 
D)  lung cancer 
A)  bronchitis 
B)  asthma 
C)  emphysema 
D)  lung cancer

Question 7

What is a more accurate description for the secondhand smoke emitted by a lit cigarette combined with the smoke exhaled by active smokers?

Accepted Answer

A)  passive smoke 
B)  environmental tobacco smoke 
C)  active smoke 
D)  dirty air 
A)  passive smoke 
B)  environmental tobacco smoke 
C)  active smoke 
D)  dirty air

Question 8

What is the most abundant gas in environmental tobacco smoke, which can lead to serious consequences for people with other health problems when exposed to elevated levels of this gas?

Accepted Answer

carbon mon

Question 9

Where can most of the oxygen in the blood be found?

Accepted Answer

A)  bound to hemoglobin 
B)  in white blood cells 
C)  combined with carbon dioxide 
D)  dissolved in the plasma 
A)  bound to hemoglobin 
B)  in white blood cells 
C)  combined with carbon dioxide 
D)  dissolved in the plasma

Question 10

Although children believe that "holding my breath until I die" is possible, why should parents not be concerned by this threat?

Accepted Answer

A)  As a child holds his or her breath, oxygen levels build, stimulating breathing by the brain stem. 
B)  As a child holds his or her breath, oxygen levels decrease, stimulating breathing by the brain stem. 
C)  As a child holds his or her breath, carbon dioxide levels decrease, stimulating breathing by the brain stem. 
D)  As a child holds his or her breath, carbon dioxide levels increase, stimulating breathing by the brain stem. 
A)  As a child holds his or her breath, oxygen levels build, stimulating breathing by the brain stem. 
B)  As a child holds his or her breath, oxygen levels decrease, stimulating breathing by the brain stem. 
C)  As a child holds his or her breath, carbon dioxide levels decrease, stimulating breathing by the brain stem. 
D)  As a child holds his or her breath, carbon dioxide levels increase, stimulating breathing by the brain stem.

Question 11

-Refer to the figure to answer the following question: In which of the labeled regions would blood pressure be the highest?

Accepted Answer

A)  Region 5 
B)  Region 6 
C)  Region 7 
D)  Region 8 
A)  Region 5 
B)  Region 6 
C)  Region 7 
D)  Region 8

Question 12

What is the respiratory surface where gas exchange occurs?

Accepted Answer

A)  trachea 
B)  bronchioles 
C)  pharynx 
D)  alveoli 
A)  trachea 
B)  bronchioles 
C)  pharynx 
D)  alveoli

Question 13

What does bright red blood indicate?

Accepted Answer

A)  that oxygen is no longer bound to hemoglobin 
B)  that copper is bound to hemoglobin 
C)  that oxygen is bound to hemoglobin 
D)  that carbon monoxide is bound to hemoglobin 
A)  that oxygen is no longer bound to hemoglobin 
B)  that copper is bound to hemoglobin 
C)  that oxygen is bound to hemoglobin 
D)  that carbon monoxide is bound to hemoglobin

Question 14

True or false: As you're sitting in your chair reading this test question, the process of breathing out (termed exhalation) is an active process.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

As air is inhaled, which of these four structures is the last to be encountered?

Accepted Answer

A)  larynx 
B)  trachea 
C)  bronchiole 
D)  bronchi 
A)  larynx 
B)  trachea 
C)  bronchiole 
D)  bronchi

Question 16

What is one consequence of long-term exposure to carbon monoxide, found in environmental tobacco smoke?

Accepted Answer

A)  damage to hemoglobin 
B)  protection from bronchitis 
C)  higher-than-average birth weights of babies born to smoking mothers 
D)  diminished brain function in infants and children 
A)  damage to hemoglobin 
B)  protection from bronchitis 
C)  higher-than-average birth weights of babies born to smoking mothers 
D)  diminished brain function in infants and children

Question 17

True or false: Highly controlled clinical experiments have determined that nonsmokers exposed to ETS have a 20 to 30% higher risk of lung cancer than unexposed nonsmokers.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

What route does air follow to the human lungs as it is inhaled?

Accepted Answer

A)  nasal cavity, trachea, larynx, bronchiole, alveolus 
B)  nasal cavity, larynx, bronchiole, trachea, alveolus 
C)  nasal cavity, bronchiole, larynx, trachea, alveolus 
D)  nasal cavity, larynx, trachea, bronchiole, alveolus 
A)  nasal cavity, trachea, larynx, bronchiole, alveolus 
B)  nasal cavity, larynx, bronchiole, trachea, alveolus 
C)  nasal cavity, bronchiole, larynx, trachea, alveolus 
D)  nasal cavity, larynx, trachea, bronchiole, alveolus

Question 19

True or false: The blood in veins becomes bluish in color when it has become deoxygenated.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

In the human cardiovascular system, what's the difference between the pulmonary circuit and the systemic circuit?

Accepted Answer

The pulmonary circuit transpor

Exam 19: Clearing the Air: Respiratory and Cardiovascular Systems

What region of the heart acts as the heart's pacemaker?

Some athletes use "blood doping," adding additional red blood cells to the blood, to achieve a competitive edge. What will the extra red blood cells do in the body?

Which chamber of the heart receives the deoxygenated blood from the systemic system first?

True or false: The presence of known carcinogens in ETS supports the argument that ETS can cause lung cancer in nonsmokers.

What action does the respiratory system require signals from the nervous system to perform?

Chronic smoking can lead to the formation of scar tissue in the lungs, permanently damaging alveoli. What condition results from this process?

What is a more accurate description for the secondhand smoke emitted by a lit cigarette combined with the smoke exhaled by active smokers?

What is the most abundant gas in environmental tobacco smoke, which can lead to serious consequences for people with other health problems when exposed to elevated levels of this gas?

Where can most of the oxygen in the blood be found?

Although children believe that "holding my breath until I die" is possible, why should parents not be concerned by this threat?

-Refer to the figure to answer the following question: In which of the labeled regions would blood pressure be the highest?

What is the respiratory surface where gas exchange occurs?

What does bright red blood indicate?

True or false: As you're sitting in your chair reading this test question, the process of breathing out (termed exhalation) is an active process.

As air is inhaled, which of these four structures is the last to be encountered?

What is one consequence of long-term exposure to carbon monoxide, found in environmental tobacco smoke?

True or false: Highly controlled clinical experiments have determined that nonsmokers exposed to ETS have a 20 to 30% higher risk of lung cancer than unexposed nonsmokers.

What route does air follow to the human lungs as it is inhaled?

True or false: The blood in veins becomes bluish in color when it has become deoxygenated.

In the human cardiovascular system, what's the difference between the pulmonary circuit and the systemic circuit?

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