Exam 11: The Central System Part IV-The Long Rise of Capitalism

Semiperipheral capitalist city-states can often maintain their autonomy from larger empires because they occupy locations that are not very desirable.

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Question 1

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In what ways can the rise of the Romans be construed as an instance of the semiperipheral marcher state phenomenon?

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Question 2

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The rise of the Romans can be construed as an instance of the semiperipheral marcher state phenomenon in several ways. Firstly, the Romans were initially a small city-state in central Italy, which was not a major power in the region. However, through a series of military conquests and alliances, they were able to expand their territory and influence, eventually becoming the dominant power in the Mediterranean region.

Secondly, the Romans were able to leverage their geographic location to their advantage. Situated in the middle of the Italian peninsula, they were able to control trade routes and access to resources, which allowed them to build a strong economy and military. This strategic location as a semiperipheral marcher state allowed them to expand their influence and power beyond their original borders.

Additionally, the Romans were able to adapt and incorporate elements of the cultures and technologies of the societies they conquered, which allowed them to strengthen their own society and military. This ability to assimilate and integrate new ideas and technologies from both core and periphery regions is a key characteristic of semiperipheral marcher states.

Overall, the rise of the Romans as a dominant power in the ancient world can be seen as an example of the semiperipheral marcher state phenomenon, as they were able to leverage their geographic location, adapt to new influences, and expand their influence through military conquests and alliances.

Alexander the Great's conquest of parts of India and the emergence of the Mongol Empire are similar in that they both represent an expansion of a PMN that turned out to be temporary.

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Question 3

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The expansion and intensification of inter-regional trade was rarely facilitated by the actions of semiperipheral capitalist city-states.

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Question 4

Why was it an advantage for semiperipheral capitalist city-states to be located on islands?

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Question 5

The main reasons why the Romans defeated Hannibal were because:

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Question 6

Hannibal failed to conquer Rome because the Carthaginians did not send him supplies and reinforcements at a crucial juncture.

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Question 7

Carthage was a typical semiperipheral capitalist city-state that generally used its military power to set up profitable trading opportunities.

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Question 8

The ability of people to purchase prepared food in a public place is an indicator of the emergence of a market economy.

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Question 9

Polanyi contended that a market economy had emerged in the Greek city-states because:

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Question 10

The Persian Empire was unusual in the extent to which the Persians suppressed the religions of the peoples they conquered.

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Question 11

Describe the kinds of economic institutions that led Polanyi to conclude that a developed market economy had emerged in the Greek city-states.

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Question 12

The Ming Dynasty in China reversed its policy of overseas expansion because:

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Question 13

Semiperipheral capitalist city-states usually used military power to:

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Question 14

Two instances in which a PMN was temporarily linked to another distant PMN discussed in Chapter 11 were:

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Question 15

The Central PMN was first formed when:

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Question 16

Why do conquerors try to shift from plunder into tribute-taking?

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Question 17

There was an East Asian PMN that was substantially independent in terms of political-military interactions from the Central PMN until the first half of the 19ᵗʰ century CE.

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Question 18

A trade diaspora exists when trade among culturally different peoples is carried out by specialists who trust each other because they are members of the same ethnic groups or co-religionists.

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Question 19

Tribute-taking is preferable to plunder because it has fewer detrimental effects on conquered populations.

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Question 20

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Semiperipheral capitalist city-states can often maintain their autonomy from larger empires because they occupy locations that are not very desirable.

In what ways can the rise of the Romans be construed as an instance of the semiperipheral marcher state phenomenon?

Alexander the Great's conquest of parts of India and the emergence of the Mongol Empire are similar in that they both represent an expansion of a PMN that turned out to be temporary.

The expansion and intensification of inter-regional trade was rarely facilitated by the actions of semiperipheral capitalist city-states.

Why was it an advantage for semiperipheral capitalist city-states to be located on islands?

The main reasons why the Romans defeated Hannibal were because:

Hannibal failed to conquer Rome because the Carthaginians did not send him supplies and reinforcements at a crucial juncture.

Carthage was a typical semiperipheral capitalist city-state that generally used its military power to set up profitable trading opportunities.

The ability of people to purchase prepared food in a public place is an indicator of the emergence of a market economy.

Polanyi contended that a market economy had emerged in the Greek city-states because:

The Persian Empire was unusual in the extent to which the Persians suppressed the religions of the peoples they conquered.

Describe the kinds of economic institutions that led Polanyi to conclude that a developed market economy had emerged in the Greek city-states.

The Ming Dynasty in China reversed its policy of overseas expansion because:

Semiperipheral capitalist city-states usually used military power to:

Two instances in which a PMN was temporarily linked to another distant PMN discussed in Chapter 11 were:

The Central PMN was first formed when:

Why do conquerors try to shift from plunder into tribute-taking?

There was an East Asian PMN that was substantially independent in terms of political-military interactions from the Central PMN until the first half of the 19ᵗʰ century CE.

A trade diaspora exists when trade among culturally different peoples is carried out by specialists who trust each other because they are members of the same ethnic groups or co-religionists.

Tribute-taking is preferable to plunder because it has fewer detrimental effects on conquered populations.

History and Social Evolution

The Comparative World-Systems Approach

Biological Bases of Social Evolution

Building a Social Self: The Macro-Micro Link Part II Stateless Systems

World-Systems of Foragers

The Gardeners Web Chapter Indigenous North American World-Systems Before the Rise of Chiefs

The Sacred Chiefs Part III State-Based Systems

The Temple and the Palace

Public Spaces, Self, and Cognitive Evolution in Early States

The Early Empires: Semiperipheral Conquerors and Capitalist City-States

The Long Rise of the West

The Modern World-System

The Early Modern Systems in the Fifteenth to the Eighteenth Centuries

The Global Nineteenth Century

Public Spaces, Individualism, and Cognition in the Modern Age

The Twentieth-Century Age of Extremes

The World-System Since 1945: Another Wave of Globalization, Hegemony, and Revolutions

Late Globalization: The Early Twenty-First Century

The Next Three Futures: Another Round of Us Hegemony, Global Collapse, or Global Democracy

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