Exam 9: Public Spaces, Self, and Cognitive Evolution in Early States

The socio-historical school of psychology says that the emergence of monotheism has a great deal to do with the alphabet, coined money and the emergence of social classes. Describe how these three technological and socio-economic processes might have led to the emergence of monotheism.

Free

(Essay)

4.9/5

(33)

Question 1

Correct Answer:

Answered by Examlex AI Copilot

The emergence of monotheism can be linked to the technological and socio-economic processes of the alphabet, coined money, and the emergence of social classes in several ways.

First, the development of the alphabet allowed for the recording and dissemination of religious texts and beliefs. This enabled the spread of monotheistic ideas and the establishment of organized monotheistic religions. Prior to the alphabet, oral traditions and symbols were the primary means of communication, making it difficult to codify and spread monotheistic beliefs on a large scale.

Second, the introduction of coined money facilitated the growth of trade and commerce, leading to the rise of urban centers and the concentration of wealth. This economic development created a need for a unifying religious belief system that could help maintain social order and justify the unequal distribution of resources. Monotheism, with its emphasis on a single all-powerful deity, provided a cohesive and authoritative framework for social organization and control.

Lastly, the emergence of social classes created a hierarchical society with distinct power structures. Monotheism, with its emphasis on a single divine authority, could have served to legitimize and reinforce the authority of ruling elites, while also providing a sense of unity and purpose for the lower classes. This helped to maintain social stability and cohesion in increasingly complex and stratified societies.

In summary, the technological and socio-economic processes of the alphabet, coined money, and the emergence of social classes likely played a significant role in the emergence of monotheism by facilitating the spread of religious ideas, providing a unifying belief system for social organization, and legitimizing power structures within society.

It was the impressed tablet that led to writing.

Free

(True/False)

4.8/5

(28)

Question 2

Correct Answer:

Verified

False

Which of the following inventions supported women?

Free

(Multiple Choice)

5.0/5

(35)

Question 3

Correct Answer:

Verified

In order for second order abstraction to emerge there needs to be a writing or a numbering system that is external to the human mind.

(True/False)

4.8/5

(37)

Question 4

The type of societies that would most likely to have a need to invent the alphabet are:

(Multiple Choice)

4.9/5

(31)

Question 5

Make a table that compares hieroglyphics to the alphabet and includes categories of A) length of time it takes to learn B) accessibility across classes C) the quantity of the information provided D) degree of inter-social communication made possible

(Essay)

4.9/5

(31)

Question 6

Tallies used in hunter-gather societies were forms of abstraction because:

(Multiple Choice)

4.9/5

(33)

Question 7

In concrete counting:

(Multiple Choice)

4.9/5

(39)

Question 8

The division of society into classes in early states shows that:

(Multiple Choice)

4.8/5

(33)

Question 9

Tokens are more complex than tallies because:

(Multiple Choice)

4.7/5

(26)

Question 10

According to the socio-historical school of psychology the philosophical and epistemological disciplines in society cannot develop without writing systems as a foundation.

(True/False)

4.8/5

(41)

Question 11

In hunting and gathering societies foragers had no coined money and so they bartered with other members of their society.

(True/False)

4.8/5

(34)

Question 12

Compared to first order abstraction, second order abstraction has less time-place displacement.

(True/False)

4.8/5

(36)

Question 13

The social implications of Schmandt-Bessaret's work is that the economics of abstract counting is the foundation for:

(Multiple Choice)

4.9/5

(35)

Question 14

The autocratic nature of early states is shown by the control kings had over the behavior of peasants in hinterland regions.

(True/False)

4.7/5

(31)

Question 15

In the section on "theoretical implications" in Chapter 9 there is a description of how Vygotsky's three stages of learning (local interpersonal, internalization and global interpersonal) might be applied across generations as a merchant first learned new tools on the job; transmitted these skills to his son and how the son in turn applied these skills to a new social-historical setting. Please see Figure 9.5 in Chapter 9 to guide you through this. Your job is to apply Vygotsky's three stages of learning to the same three historical periods (Late Neolithic, Early Bronze and Late Bronze Age) but do it with a different occupation. It could be either an artisan or a peasant.

(Essay)

4.9/5

(37)

Question 16

People in early states were all vertical collectivists.

(True/False)

5.0/5

(35)

Question 17

In ancient cities compared to modern cities there was:

(Multiple Choice)

4.8/5

(35)

Question 18

Writing systems developed when the temple managers realized they did not have to break open the envelopes in order to count them. They could mark them on the outside and dispense completely with the tokens inside the envelope.

(True/False)

4.8/5

(36)

Question 19

The socio-historical school of Vygotsky argues that forms of abstraction are:

(Multiple Choice)

4.8/5

(39)

Question 20

Showing 1 - 20 of 31

The socio-historical school of psychology says that the emergence of monotheism has a great deal to do with the alphabet, coined money and the emergence of social classes. Describe how these three technological and socio-economic processes might have led to the emergence of monotheism.

It was the impressed tablet that led to writing.

Which of the following inventions supported women?

In order for second order abstraction to emerge there needs to be a writing or a numbering system that is external to the human mind.

The type of societies that would most likely to have a need to invent the alphabet are:

Make a table that compares hieroglyphics to the alphabet and includes categories of A) length of time it takes to learn B) accessibility across classes C) the quantity of the information provided D) degree of inter-social communication made possible

Tallies used in hunter-gather societies were forms of abstraction because:

In concrete counting:

The division of society into classes in early states shows that:

Tokens are more complex than tallies because:

According to the socio-historical school of psychology the philosophical and epistemological disciplines in society cannot develop without writing systems as a foundation.

In hunting and gathering societies foragers had no coined money and so they bartered with other members of their society.

Compared to first order abstraction, second order abstraction has less time-place displacement.

The social implications of Schmandt-Bessaret's work is that the economics of abstract counting is the foundation for:

The autocratic nature of early states is shown by the control kings had over the behavior of peasants in hinterland regions.

People in early states were all vertical collectivists.

In ancient cities compared to modern cities there was:

Writing systems developed when the temple managers realized they did not have to break open the envelopes in order to count them. They could mark them on the outside and dispense completely with the tokens inside the envelope.

The socio-historical school of Vygotsky argues that forms of abstraction are:

History and Social Evolution

The Comparative World-Systems Approach

Biological Bases of Social Evolution

Building a Social Self: The Macro-Micro Link Part II Stateless Systems

World-Systems of Foragers

The Gardeners Web Chapter Indigenous North American World-Systems Before the Rise of Chiefs

The Sacred Chiefs Part III State-Based Systems

The Temple and the Palace

The Early Empires: Semiperipheral Conquerors and Capitalist City-States

The Central System Part IV-The Long Rise of Capitalism

The Long Rise of the West

The Modern World-System

The Early Modern Systems in the Fifteenth to the Eighteenth Centuries

The Global Nineteenth Century

Public Spaces, Individualism, and Cognition in the Modern Age

The Twentieth-Century Age of Extremes

The World-System Since 1945: Another Wave of Globalization, Hegemony, and Revolutions

Late Globalization: The Early Twenty-First Century

The Next Three Futures: Another Round of Us Hegemony, Global Collapse, or Global Democracy

Filters