Question 1

In the Middle Ages which was a common organization of household activities

Accepted Answer

A)  many activities went on in the same room 
B)  people ate on benches rather than chairs 
C)  people ate larger quantities of food than in modern times 
D)  people had no individualized eating utensils 
E)  a, b, c, d
F) none of the above 
A)  many activities went on in the same room 
B)  people ate on benches rather than chairs 
C)  people ate larger quantities of food than in modern times 
D)  people had no individualized eating utensils 
E)  a, b, c, d
F) none of the above E

Question 2

Why would riding on a stagecoach involve more of your senses than being a passenger in a railroad car?

Accepted Answer

Riding on a stagecoach would involve more of your senses than being a passenger in a railroad car because of the nature of the experience. In a stagecoach, you would feel the jostling and movement of the vehicle more intensely, hear the sounds of the horses' hooves on the ground, smell the surrounding environment more distinctly, and see the changing scenery up close. Additionally, you would also have to use your sense of balance and coordination to adjust to the motion of the stagecoach. In contrast, being a passenger in a railroad car typically involves a smoother and more controlled ride, with less direct interaction with the surrounding environment. Therefore, riding on a stagecoach would engage more of your senses and provide a more immersive and sensory experience.

Question 3

Imagine a more abstract level of social exchange beyond credit cards. Name how each of the phases of abstraction would operate that would justify calling this currency a higher form of abstraction. Be sure to cover each of the three phases of abstraction:
 a) phase of extraction
 b) phase of deliberation
 c) phase of generalization

Accepted Answer

The more abstract level of social exchange beyond credit cards could be a form of digital or cryptocurrency. In this higher form of abstraction, each phase would operate as follows:

a) Phase of extraction: In this phase, the currency is extracted from physical forms of money and is converted into a digital or virtual form. This extraction process involves the use of advanced technology and encryption to create a secure and decentralized system of currency.

b) Phase of deliberation: In this phase, the currency operates through a decentralized network of users who collectively validate and record transactions. This deliberation process involves the use of blockchain technology, which ensures transparency, security, and immutability of transactions without the need for a central authority.

c) Phase of generalization: In this phase, the currency becomes a widely accepted medium of exchange, not limited by geographical boundaries or centralized control. It is generalized as a universal form of currency that can be used for various types of transactions, including peer-to-peer transfers, online purchases, and even investment opportunities.

Overall, this higher form of abstraction justifies calling this currency a more advanced level of social exchange beyond credit cards due to its digital nature, decentralized operation, and universal acceptance.

Question 4

The difference between 2ⁿᵈ order and 3ʳᵈ order abstraction is that third order abstraction is more intelligent.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Before the scientific revolution people could think using third order abstraction but how many people used it and for how often depended on

Accepted Answer

A)  technologies that forced people to use third order abstraction in their work settings 
B)  economies that required using it in order to exchange goods and services 
C)  their class membership 
D)  their gender 
E)  a, b, c, d
F) none of the above 
A)  technologies that forced people to use third order abstraction in their work settings 
B)  economies that required using it in order to exchange goods and services 
C)  their class membership 
D)  their gender 
E)  a, b, c, d
F) none of the above

Question 6

In reaction to revolutions in the Eighteenth century, some 19ᵗʰ century urban planners

Accepted Answer

A)  built wider side walks 
B)  built boulevards to divide the working class from the poor 
C)  increased the building of churches 
D)  developed zoning laws 
A)  built wider side walks 
B)  built boulevards to divide the working class from the poor 
C)  increased the building of churches 
D)  developed zoning laws

Question 7

The social origins of third order probability theory were

Accepted Answer

A)  annuity policies of merchants in the 17ᵗʰ century 
B)  tracking demographics of birth and death of state populations 
C)  polling predictions in the 20ᵗʰ century 
D)  a, b, c, 
E)  none of the above 
A)  annuity policies of merchants in the 17ᵗʰ century 
B)  tracking demographics of birth and death of state populations 
C)  polling predictions in the 20ᵗʰ century 
D)  a, b, c, 
E)  none of the above

Question 8

Historically there have been at least thirteen institutions that have helped to promote individualism. From the following institutions make cross-connections among institutions in explaining how they promoted individualism. 
Here are the institutions:
a) the printing press (as opposed to manuscripts)
b) the Protestant Reformation (as opposed to Catholicism)
c) nationalism (as opposed to city or village loyalty)

Accepted Answer

The printing press played a significant

Question 9

Our argument is that the working classes do not use third order abstraction because it is only mental workers that are trained to use the symbol systems that are the foundation for third order abstraction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Engaging in financial capitalist exchanges requires symbols acting on symbols independent of particular goods and services.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The form of capitalism that invites the most third order abstraction is

Accepted Answer

A)  merchant capital with profits being made on circulation 
B)  agricultural capitalism with profits made on land and slaves 
C)  industrial capital with profits being made on labor and industry 
D)  finance capital with profits being made on credit and loans 
E)  all of the above 
A)  merchant capital with profits being made on circulation 
B)  agricultural capitalism with profits made on land and slaves 
C)  industrial capital with profits being made on labor and industry 
D)  finance capital with profits being made on credit and loans 
E)  all of the above

Question 12

The intellectuals of the European Enlightenment were critical of the aristocracy and the royal courts for their ideas about what it means to be civilized.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The differences between signs in the Middle Ages as opposed to signs that were part of the methodology of the scientific revolution is that signs during the scientific revolution became indicators of

Accepted Answer

A)  correspondences 
B)  circumstantial evidence 
C)  tests 
D)  dabbling 
E)  none of the above 
A)  correspondences 
B)  circumstantial evidence 
C)  tests 
D)  dabbling 
E)  none of the above

Question 14

Explain how the following skills promote individualism:
a) having multiple sources of socialization with conflicting messages
b) a more objective generalized other
c) a greater capacity for situational transformation out of crisis

Accepted Answer

a) Having multiple sources of socializat

Question 15

An example of 3ʳᵈ order abstraction about time and place is the work of

Accepted Answer

A)  Newton on gravity 
B)  Galileo and falling bodies 
C)  Kepler and the motion of the planets 
D)  neither a, b or c 
E)  a, b and c 
A)  Newton on gravity 
B)  Galileo and falling bodies 
C)  Kepler and the motion of the planets 
D)  neither a, b or c 
E)  a, b and c

Question 16

An example of 3ʳᵈ order abstraction where symbols "square themselves" and take on a life of their own independently of objects is

Accepted Answer

A)  algebra 
B)  trigonometry 
C)  calculus 
D)  theories of perspective 
E)  musical theory based on notations
F) all of the above 
A)  algebra 
B)  trigonometry 
C)  calculus 
D)  theories of perspective 
E)  musical theory based on notations
F) all of the above

Question 17

Discuss how the evolution of transportation to the dominant use of automobiles over trains promoted individualism. 
Consider:
 a) the change in proportion within cities in the size of streets and sidewalks
 b) the impact of the speed of cars on sense ratios
 c) the use of cars as a refuge from home, school and work
Please draw from your own experience

Accepted Answer

The evolution of transportation from tra

Question 18

In second order abstraction there is little attention paid to the following mistakes about reasoning about probability

Accepted Answer

A)  base rate neglect 
B)  small sample, 
C)  unrepresentative sample 
D)  gambler's fallacy 
E)  a, b, c, d
F) neither a, b, c, d 
A)  base rate neglect 
B)  small sample, 
C)  unrepresentative sample 
D)  gambler's fallacy 
E)  a, b, c, d
F) neither a, b, c, d

Question 19

If you were to take a class in critical thinking and you were asked to make a table in which you identify the most common fallacies you make in your thinking; who you commit these fallacies with; what role you are in, this is a case of using third order abstraction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The dangers of 3ʳᵈ order abstraction include

Accepted Answer

A)  the reification of symbols 
B)  difficulty living in the present 
C)  becoming excessively critical 
D)  becoming increasingly manipulative 
E)  a, b, c, d
F) neither a, b, c, d 
A)  the reification of symbols 
B)  difficulty living in the present 
C)  becoming excessively critical 
D)  becoming increasingly manipulative 
E)  a, b, c, d
F) neither a, b, c, d

In the Middle Ages which was a common organization of household activities

Why would riding on a stagecoach involve more of your senses than being a passenger in a railroad car?

The difference between 2ⁿᵈ order and 3ʳᵈ order abstraction is that third order abstraction is more intelligent.

Before the scientific revolution people could think using third order abstraction but how many people used it and for how often depended on

In reaction to revolutions in the Eighteenth century, some 19ᵗʰ century urban planners

The social origins of third order probability theory were

Our argument is that the working classes do not use third order abstraction because it is only mental workers that are trained to use the symbol systems that are the foundation for third order abstraction.

Engaging in financial capitalist exchanges requires symbols acting on symbols independent of particular goods and services.

The form of capitalism that invites the most third order abstraction is

The intellectuals of the European Enlightenment were critical of the aristocracy and the royal courts for their ideas about what it means to be civilized.

The differences between signs in the Middle Ages as opposed to signs that were part of the methodology of the scientific revolution is that signs during the scientific revolution became indicators of

Explain how the following skills promote individualism: a) having multiple sources of socialization with conflicting messages b) a more objective generalized other c) a greater capacity for situational transformation out of crisis

An example of 3ʳᵈ order abstraction about time and place is the work of

An example of 3ʳᵈ order abstraction where symbols "square themselves" and take on a life of their own independently of objects is

In second order abstraction there is little attention paid to the following mistakes about reasoning about probability

If you were to take a class in critical thinking and you were asked to make a table in which you identify the most common fallacies you make in your thinking; who you commit these fallacies with; what role you are in, this is a case of using third order abstraction.

The dangers of 3ʳᵈ order abstraction include

History and Social Evolution

The Comparative World-Systems Approach

Biological Bases of Social Evolution

Building a Social Self: The Macro-Micro Link Part II Stateless Systems

World-Systems of Foragers

The Gardeners Web Chapter Indigenous North American World-Systems Before the Rise of Chiefs

The Sacred Chiefs Part III State-Based Systems

The Temple and the Palace

Public Spaces, Self, and Cognitive Evolution in Early States

The Early Empires: Semiperipheral Conquerors and Capitalist City-States

The Central System Part IV-The Long Rise of Capitalism

The Long Rise of the West

The Modern World-System

The Early Modern Systems in the Fifteenth to the Eighteenth Centuries

The Global Nineteenth Century

The Twentieth-Century Age of Extremes

The World-System Since 1945: Another Wave of Globalization, Hegemony, and Revolutions

Late Globalization: The Early Twenty-First Century

The Next Three Futures: Another Round of Us Hegemony, Global Collapse, or Global Democracy

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Exam 16: Public Spaces, Individualism, and Cognition in the Modern Age

In the Middle Ages which was a common organization of household activities

Why would riding on a stagecoach involve more of your senses than being a passenger in a railroad car?

The difference between 2ⁿᵈ order and 3ʳᵈ order abstraction is that third order abstraction is more intelligent.

Before the scientific revolution people could think using third order abstraction but how many people used it and for how often depended on

In reaction to revolutions in the Eighteenth century, some 19ᵗʰ century urban planners

The social origins of third order probability theory were

Our argument is that the working classes do not use third order abstraction because it is only mental workers that are trained to use the symbol systems that are the foundation for third order abstraction.

Engaging in financial capitalist exchanges requires symbols acting on symbols independent of particular goods and services.

The form of capitalism that invites the most third order abstraction is

The intellectuals of the European Enlightenment were critical of the aristocracy and the royal courts for their ideas about what it means to be civilized.

The differences between signs in the Middle Ages as opposed to signs that were part of the methodology of the scientific revolution is that signs during the scientific revolution became indicators of

Explain how the following skills promote individualism: a) having multiple sources of socialization with conflicting messages b) a more objective generalized other c) a greater capacity for situational transformation out of crisis

An example of 3ʳᵈ order abstraction about time and place is the work of

An example of 3ʳᵈ order abstraction where symbols "square themselves" and take on a life of their own independently of objects is

In second order abstraction there is little attention paid to the following mistakes about reasoning about probability

If you were to take a class in critical thinking and you were asked to make a table in which you identify the most common fallacies you make in your thinking; who you commit these fallacies with; what role you are in, this is a case of using third order abstraction.

The dangers of 3ʳᵈ order abstraction include

History and Social Evolution

The Comparative World-Systems Approach

Biological Bases of Social Evolution

Building a Social Self: The Macro-Micro Link Part II Stateless Systems

World-Systems of Foragers

The Gardeners Web Chapter Indigenous North American World-Systems Before the Rise of Chiefs

The Sacred Chiefs Part III State-Based Systems

The Temple and the Palace

Public Spaces, Self, and Cognitive Evolution in Early States

The Early Empires: Semiperipheral Conquerors and Capitalist City-States

The Central System Part IV-The Long Rise of Capitalism

The Long Rise of the West

The Modern World-System

The Early Modern Systems in the Fifteenth to the Eighteenth Centuries

The Global Nineteenth Century

The Twentieth-Century Age of Extremes

The World-System Since 1945: Another Wave of Globalization, Hegemony, and Revolutions

Late Globalization: The Early Twenty-First Century

The Next Three Futures: Another Round of Us Hegemony, Global Collapse, or Global Democracy

Filters