Exam 2: Cellular Mechanisms and Cognition

Ouabain is a toxin that works by permanently inhibiting the activity of sodium-potassium pumps embedded in neuronal membranes.How would ouabain administration affect the resting potential of a neuron?

Which of the following cells produce myelin in the peripheral nervous system?

A gap junction is

How do two neurons communicate with each other? Describe the process of synaptic transmission,including both chemical and electrical synapses.

Describe the structure of a prototypical neuron.In your answer,provide definitions for the following terms: soma,axon,dendrite,myelin,and synapse.

Which of the following is true of bipolar neurons?

Many drugs produce their effects by facilitating or interfering with neurotransmitters at synapses.Which of the following drugs would most likely increase the effect of serotonin?

The term concentration gradient refers to a difference in the

Within a neuron,the transmission of information is usually ________.Between neurons,the transmission of information is usually ________.

Electrical synapses have the advantage of ________,but they are unable to ________.

If the sum of the excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs)causes a postsynaptic neuron to reach its threshold,then the postsynaptic neuron will generate an action potential.

The value of the membrane potential to which an axon must be depolarized to initiate an action potential is called the ________ potential for that neuron.

The nodes of Ranvier are

The term saltatory conduction refers to the fact that

The ________,which is comprised of astrocytes,protects the brain from chemical compounds circulating in the body that might otherwise interfere with neuronal activity.

The term selective permeability refers to the fact that a cell membrane will allow some ions to pass through more readily than others.

The cell body of a neuron contains the same machinery found in most cells,including a nucleus,ribosomes,and mitochondria.

The primary benefit that the nervous system gains from myelination is

Action potentials are special electrical signals that are conducted down the axon of a neuron.

The effect of a given neurotransmitter on a postsynaptic neuron