Question 1

Learning is the acquisition of knowledge, skill, attitudes, or understanding as a result of

Accepted Answer

A)  sensory adaptation. 
B)  dishabituation. 
C)  intelligence. 
D)  experience. 
A)  sensory adaptation. 
B)  dishabituation. 
C)  intelligence. 
D)  experience.

Question 2

Which of the following is most like the opposite of habituation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sensitization 
B)  Dishabituation 
C)  Sensory adaptation 
D)  Learning 
A)  Sensitization 
B)  Dishabituation 
C)  Sensory adaptation 
D)  Learning

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of non-associative learning?

Accepted Answer

A)  Operant conditioning 
B)  Classical conditioning 
C)  Sensory adaptation 
D)  Sensitization 
A)  Operant conditioning 
B)  Classical conditioning 
C)  Sensory adaptation 
D)  Sensitization

Question 4

What is the evolutionary purpose of habituation? Which conditions must be met for true habituation to occur?

Accepted Answer

Habituation is a process that allows us

Question 5

Which of the following is the best summary of behaviorism?

Accepted Answer

A)  Behaviorism refers to the study of the mind and how it obtains, processes, and stores information. 
B)  Behaviorism studies a learner's own construction of knowledge, which is built through experiences and interactions with the outside world. 
C)  Behaviorism considers learning to be a process of connecting specialized sources of information through introspection. 
D)  Behaviorism tends to explain learning in terms of observable behavior, generally avoiding reference to mental events and entities. 
A)  Behaviorism refers to the study of the mind and how it obtains, processes, and stores information. 
B)  Behaviorism studies a learner's own construction of knowledge, which is built through experiences and interactions with the outside world. 
C)  Behaviorism considers learning to be a process of connecting specialized sources of information through introspection. 
D)  Behaviorism tends to explain learning in terms of observable behavior, generally avoiding reference to mental events and entities.

Question 6

Sometimes a solution to a problem suddenly comes to us. This event is called

Accepted Answer

A)  trial-and-error. 
B)  latent learning. 
C)  insight. 
D)  observational learning. 
A)  trial-and-error. 
B)  latent learning. 
C)  insight. 
D)  observational learning.

Question 7

Thorndike believed that most learning occurred by

Accepted Answer

A)  trial and error. 
B)  insight. 
C)  observation. 
D)  personal development. 
A)  trial and error. 
B)  insight. 
C)  observation. 
D)  personal development.

Question 8

Learning to make a reflex response to a stimulus when it is repeatedly paired with the original, naturally occurring stimulus is called _______.

Accepted Answer

classical

Question 9

A _______ is a primary reinforcer, whereas a _______ is a secondary reinforcer.

Accepted Answer

A)  lollipop; diploma 
B)  glass of water; sandwich 
C)  paycheck; hug 
D)  report card; hamburger 
A)  lollipop; diploma 
B)  glass of water; sandwich 
C)  paycheck; hug 
D)  report card; hamburger

Question 10

When one individual imitates another, _______ has occurred.

Accepted Answer

A)  modeling 
B)  imprinting 
C)  shaping 
D)  conditioning 
A)  modeling 
B)  imprinting 
C)  shaping 
D)  conditioning

Question 11

An animal's fearful reaction to a previously neutral stimulus can be unlearned by repeatedly presenting the _______ without the _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  UR; US 
B)  US; CS 
C)  CR; CS 
D)  CS; US 
A)  UR; US 
B)  US; CS 
C)  CR; CS 
D)  CS; US

Question 12

For a behaviorist, the goal of psychology is to

Accepted Answer

A)  pay close attention to what one is experiencing at any given moment. 
B)  understand the practical function of internal mental processes. 
C)  help troubled individuals restore their mental health. 
D)  determine how various experiences result in different behaviors. 
A)  pay close attention to what one is experiencing at any given moment. 
B)  understand the practical function of internal mental processes. 
C)  help troubled individuals restore their mental health. 
D)  determine how various experiences result in different behaviors.

Question 13

Learning that occurs without being immediately apparent and often without reinforcement is called _______ learning.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Learning that occurs without being immediately apparent...

Question 14

Your cat comes running as soon as she hears you open a can of food. In this example, the _______ is the conditioned stimulus.

Accepted Answer

A)  can of food 
B)  sound of the can being opened 
C)  presence of you in the kitchen 
D)  running cat 
A)  can of food 
B)  sound of the can being opened 
C)  presence of you in the kitchen 
D)  running cat

Question 15

Which of the following statements about learning is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  Learning leads to a relatively permanent change in behavior. 
B)  Sensory adaptation is a moderately sophisticated form of learning. 
C)  Learning does not involve changes in behavior. 
D)  Learning can occur without direct experience. 
A)  Learning leads to a relatively permanent change in behavior. 
B)  Sensory adaptation is a moderately sophisticated form of learning. 
C)  Learning does not involve changes in behavior. 
D)  Learning can occur without direct experience.

Question 16

To learn anything through observation, the learner must

Accepted Answer

A)  ask questions about the task to do it correctly. 
B)  pay attention to the model. 
C)  be able to multitask. 
D)  be rewarded for a specific behavior. 
A)  ask questions about the task to do it correctly. 
B)  pay attention to the model. 
C)  be able to multitask. 
D)  be rewarded for a specific behavior.

Question 17

The perspective that psychologists should study externally visible behavior rather than make inferences about internal processes is called _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The perspective that psychologists should study externally...

Question 18

Use the following to answer questions :
Refer to the graph below.
   
In an experiment, rats were placed in a complex maze with several one-way doors so that a rat wandering around would eventually reach the goal box. When a rat reached the goal box, it was returned to its home cage. This was repeated for several days.
Rats were assigned to one of three groups:
• Group 1 was provided food in the goal box every day.
• Group 2 was provided food in the goal box beginning on the 11th day.
• Group 3 was never provided food in the goal box.
Researchers measured how many errors the rats made across trials on the way to the goal box. Results are shown in the graph.
-Which statement is a valid conclusion?

Accepted Answer

A)  The rats that were provided no food for the first 11 days must have nevertheless learned about the maze. 
B)  There is no connection between reinforcement and learning. 
C)  Learning occurs more quickly with a continuous reinforcement schedule than with a partial reinforcement schedule. 
D)  Animals cannot learn about a maze in the absence of any apparent reinforcement. 
A)  The rats that were provided no food for the first 11 days must have nevertheless learned about the maze. 
B)  There is no connection between reinforcement and learning. 
C)  Learning occurs more quickly with a continuous reinforcement schedule than with a partial reinforcement schedule. 
D)  Animals cannot learn about a maze in the absence of any apparent reinforcement.

Question 19

The works of Skinner and Bandura are related in that both acknowledge the importance of

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulus generalization. 
B)  reinforcement. 
C)  sensory adaptation. 
D)  cognitive maps. 
A)  stimulus generalization. 
B)  reinforcement. 
C)  sensory adaptation. 
D)  cognitive maps.

Question 20

When Laura began wearing glasses they felt uncomfortable on her face, but after a few days she didn't even notice she was wearing them. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  habituation. 
B)  sensitization. 
C)  conditioning. 
D)  stimulus generalization. 
A)  habituation. 
B)  sensitization. 
C)  conditioning. 
D)  stimulus generalization.

Learning is the acquisition of knowledge, skill, attitudes, or understanding as a result of

Which of the following is most like the opposite of habituation?

Which of the following is an example of non-associative learning?

What is the evolutionary purpose of habituation? Which conditions must be met for true habituation to occur?

Which of the following is the best summary of behaviorism?

Sometimes a solution to a problem suddenly comes to us. This event is called

Thorndike believed that most learning occurred by

Learning to make a reflex response to a stimulus when it is repeatedly paired with the original, naturally occurring stimulus is called _______.

A _ is a primary reinforcer, whereas a _ is a secondary reinforcer.

When one individual imitates another, _______ has occurred.

An animal's fearful reaction to a previously neutral stimulus can be unlearned by repeatedly presenting the _ without the _.

For a behaviorist, the goal of psychology is to

Learning that occurs without being immediately apparent and often without reinforcement is called _______ learning.

Your cat comes running as soon as she hears you open a can of food. In this example, the _______ is the conditioned stimulus.

Which of the following statements about learning is correct?

To learn anything through observation, the learner must

The perspective that psychologists should study externally visible behavior rather than make inferences about internal processes is called _______.

The works of Skinner and Bandura are related in that both acknowledge the importance of

When Laura began wearing glasses they felt uncomfortable on her face, but after a few days she didn't even notice she was wearing them. This is an example of

Introduction: Principles of Psychology

Psychology As a Science

The Neuroscience of Behavior

Genes, Environment, and Behavior

Developmental Psychology

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Memory

Language and Cognition

Intelligence

Motivation and the Regulation of Behavior

Emotions, Stress, and Health

Personality

Social Psychology

Clinical Psychology

Filters

Exam 8: Learning

Learning is the acquisition of knowledge, skill, attitudes, or understanding as a result of

Which of the following is most like the opposite of habituation?

Which of the following is an example of non-associative learning?

What is the evolutionary purpose of habituation? Which conditions must be met for true habituation to occur?

Which of the following is the best summary of behaviorism?

Sometimes a solution to a problem suddenly comes to us. This event is called

Thorndike believed that most learning occurred by

Learning to make a reflex response to a stimulus when it is repeatedly paired with the original, naturally occurring stimulus is called _______.

A _______ is a primary reinforcer, whereas a _______ is a secondary reinforcer.

When one individual imitates another, _______ has occurred.

An animal's fearful reaction to a previously neutral stimulus can be unlearned by repeatedly presenting the _______ without the _______.

For a behaviorist, the goal of psychology is to

Learning that occurs without being immediately apparent and often without reinforcement is called _______ learning.

Your cat comes running as soon as she hears you open a can of food. In this example, the _______ is the conditioned stimulus.

Which of the following statements about learning is correct?

To learn anything through observation, the learner must

The perspective that psychologists should study externally visible behavior rather than make inferences about internal processes is called _______.

The works of Skinner and Bandura are related in that both acknowledge the importance of

When Laura began wearing glasses they felt uncomfortable on her face, but after a few days she didn't even notice she was wearing them. This is an example of

Introduction: Principles of Psychology

Psychology As a Science

The Neuroscience of Behavior

Genes, Environment, and Behavior

Developmental Psychology

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Memory

Language and Cognition

Intelligence

Motivation and the Regulation of Behavior

Emotions, Stress, and Health

Personality

Social Psychology

Clinical Psychology

Filters

A _ is a primary reinforcer, whereas a _ is a secondary reinforcer.

An animal's fearful reaction to a previously neutral stimulus can be unlearned by repeatedly presenting the _ without the _.