Question 1

Happily married men live longer than unmarried men. This means marital satisfaction and life expectancy are _______ correlated for males.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Happily married men live longer than unmarried...

Question 2

In an experiment, the variable that is expected to differ across the experimental and control groups is the _______ variable.

Accepted Answer

A)  dependent 
B)  independent 
C)  experimental 
D)  confounding 
A)  dependent 
B)  independent 
C)  experimental 
D)  confounding

Question 3

Research has shown that social exclusion activates the same brain regions as physical pain. A researcher wants to test the hypothesis that over-the-counter pain relievers will also reduce the pain of social exclusion. She gives half of her participants ibuprofen and half a placebo, has them play a game in which other players ignore them, and then measures their level of distress. In this study _______ is the independent variable and _______ is the dependent variable.

Accepted Answer

A)  taking ibuprofen; taking a sugar pill 
B)  being ignored; distress 
C)  distress; taking ibuprofen 
D)  whether people take ibuprofen; distress 
A)  taking ibuprofen; taking a sugar pill 
B)  being ignored; distress 
C)  distress; taking ibuprofen 
D)  whether people take ibuprofen; distress

Question 4

Strong inference

Accepted Answer

A)  is controversial among psychological researchers. 
B)  involves designing research with the potential to disprove a hypothesis. 
C)  applies only to correlational research. 
D)  eliminates the need for replication. 
A)  is controversial among psychological researchers. 
B)  involves designing research with the potential to disprove a hypothesis. 
C)  applies only to correlational research. 
D)  eliminates the need for replication.

Question 5

Experimental research would be more useful than correlational research to test the hypothesis that

Accepted Answer

A)  intelligent parents invest more time in their children's education. 
B)  same-sex classrooms cause girls to develop more positive attitudes toward math. 
C)  introverted people dislike large social gatherings. 
D)  alcohol consumption predicts weight gain. 
A)  intelligent parents invest more time in their children's education. 
B)  same-sex classrooms cause girls to develop more positive attitudes toward math. 
C)  introverted people dislike large social gatherings. 
D)  alcohol consumption predicts weight gain.

Question 6

Refer to the data below.
   Your brother found a Website showing a correlation of +0.99 between the divorce rate in the state of Maine and levels of margarine consumption. Decreases in average levels of margarine consumption over the past decade are associated with lower rates of divorce, as shown in the figure above. Because he lives in Maine and wants to stay married, he has decided to stop eating margarine. Explain why his interpretation of the data is likely flawed.

Accepted Answer

Although the data show a strong correlat

Question 7

Participants are randomly assigned to treatment and control groups to reduce the likelihood of _______.

Accepted Answer

pre-existi

Question 8

Describe two limitations of survey research.

Accepted Answer

Survey research requires peopl

Question 9

Whether depression levels are truly lower in a treatment group than in a control group is assessed by determining the _______ of the difference in scores between groups.

Accepted Answer

A)  variance 
B)  validity 
C)  statistical inference 
D)  statistical significance 
A)  variance 
B)  validity 
C)  statistical inference 
D)  statistical significance

Question 10

A manager at a science museum wants to identify the most popular exhibits, so once every hour for six weeks she has volunteers count the number of people standing in front of each exhibit. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  naturalistic observation. 
B)  correlational research. 
C)  case study research. 
D)  experimental research. 
A)  naturalistic observation. 
B)  correlational research. 
C)  case study research. 
D)  experimental research.

Question 11

Select the correct order of measures of central tendency, from lowest to highest, for a negatively skewed distribution.

Accepted Answer

A)  Mean, median, mode 
B)  Median, mode, mean 
C)  Mode, mean, median 
D)  Mean, mode, median 
A)  Mean, median, mode 
B)  Median, mode, mean 
C)  Mode, mean, median 
D)  Mean, mode, median

Question 12

Which of the following measures is most likely to take place at the public discourse stage of a psychological research program?

Accepted Answer

A)  Researchers will collect data from random samples of the population in survey polls. 
B)  Institutions will recruit candidates to participate in controlled experiments. 
C)  Psychologists will identify widespread patterns of relevant behavior among research subjects. 
D)  Unaffiliated psychologists will adopt and carry out similar experiments independently. 
A)  Researchers will collect data from random samples of the population in survey polls. 
B)  Institutions will recruit candidates to participate in controlled experiments. 
C)  Psychologists will identify widespread patterns of relevant behavior among research subjects. 
D)  Unaffiliated psychologists will adopt and carry out similar experiments independently.

Question 13

Which of the following research methods would be most appropriate for exploring whether childhood emotional abuse predicts higher levels of adult depression?

Accepted Answer

A)  Naturalistic observation 
B)  Experimental research 
C)  Correlational research 
D)  Case studies 
A)  Naturalistic observation 
B)  Experimental research 
C)  Correlational research 
D)  Case studies

Question 14

The first five participants in a study of motivation have scores of 5, 6, 7, 11, and 11 on the motivation questionnaire. Which of the following will change most if the next participant receives a score of 1?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mean 
B)  Median 
C)  Reliability 
D)  Validity 
A)  Mean 
B)  Median 
C)  Reliability 
D)  Validity

Question 15

A self-report measure of the personality trait of agreeableness produces very similar scores each time the same person completes it. It is also strongly correlated with whether family members describe a person as friendly and cooperative. This measure appears to be

Accepted Answer

A)  reliable and valid. 
B)  valid but not reliable. 
C)  reliable but not valid. 
D)  neither reliable nor valid. 
A)  reliable and valid. 
B)  valid but not reliable. 
C)  reliable but not valid. 
D)  neither reliable nor valid.

Question 16

The Jennifer-John study examining bias against female applicants for a science job suggests that

Accepted Answer

A)  women perceive bias, but bias does not actually exist. 
B)  women used to face hiring biases, but they no longer do. 
C)  men are biased against female applicants, but women are not. 
D)  both men and women are biased against female applicants. 
A)  women perceive bias, but bias does not actually exist. 
B)  women used to face hiring biases, but they no longer do. 
C)  men are biased against female applicants, but women are not. 
D)  both men and women are biased against female applicants.

Question 17

Refer to the set of numbers below.
2, 10, 8, 4, 10, 12, 3
In this set of numbers, the median is _______ than the mean and _______than the mode.

Accepted Answer

A)  greater; greater 
B)  greater; less 
C)  less; less 
D)  less; greater 
A)  greater; greater 
B)  greater; less 
C)  less; less 
D)  less; greater

Question 18

In an experiment treating spider phobia, half of the participants get eight hours of cognitive-behavioral treatment. The other half get eight hours of attention from a therapist but no active treatment. Both groups report a statistically significant reduction in their fear of spiders. This is evidence that

Accepted Answer

A)  cognitive-behavioral therapy has no effect. 
B)  the placebo effect can be significant. 
C)  participants' expectations have no effect. 
D)  control groups are a waste of resources. 
A)  cognitive-behavioral therapy has no effect. 
B)  the placebo effect can be significant. 
C)  participants' expectations have no effect. 
D)  control groups are a waste of resources.

Question 19

Which of the following best represents the case study method?

Accepted Answer

A)  A report that discusses the different responses of two groups to variations in medical treatment 
B)  A book that documents the development of a person who was diagnosed with a life-threatening illness at a young age 
C)  A documentary film that presents footage of members of an isolated tribe going about their daily lives 
D)  An article that analyzes the results of responses to questionnaires asking about a number of controversial social issues 
A)  A report that discusses the different responses of two groups to variations in medical treatment 
B)  A book that documents the development of a person who was diagnosed with a life-threatening illness at a young age 
C)  A documentary film that presents footage of members of an isolated tribe going about their daily lives 
D)  An article that analyzes the results of responses to questionnaires asking about a number of controversial social issues

Question 20

The median is a better measure of central tendency than the mean for which of the following distributions?

Accepted Answer

A)  1, 2, 3, 5, 6 
B)  10, 12, 13, 14, 106 
C)  275, 282, 293, 300, 311 
D)  1024, 1024, 1024, 1048, 1059 
A)  1, 2, 3, 5, 6 
B)  10, 12, 13, 14, 106 
C)  275, 282, 293, 300, 311 
D)  1024, 1024, 1024, 1048, 1059

Happily married men live longer than unmarried men. This means marital satisfaction and life expectancy are _______ correlated for males.

In an experiment, the variable that is expected to differ across the experimental and control groups is the _______ variable.

Strong inference

Experimental research would be more useful than correlational research to test the hypothesis that

Participants are randomly assigned to treatment and control groups to reduce the likelihood of _______.

Describe two limitations of survey research.

Whether depression levels are truly lower in a treatment group than in a control group is assessed by determining the _______ of the difference in scores between groups.

A manager at a science museum wants to identify the most popular exhibits, so once every hour for six weeks she has volunteers count the number of people standing in front of each exhibit. This is an example of

Select the correct order of measures of central tendency, from lowest to highest, for a negatively skewed distribution.

Which of the following measures is most likely to take place at the public discourse stage of a psychological research program?

Which of the following research methods would be most appropriate for exploring whether childhood emotional abuse predicts higher levels of adult depression?

The first five participants in a study of motivation have scores of 5, 6, 7, 11, and 11 on the motivation questionnaire. Which of the following will change most if the next participant receives a score of 1?

A self-report measure of the personality trait of agreeableness produces very similar scores each time the same person completes it. It is also strongly correlated with whether family members describe a person as friendly and cooperative. This measure appears to be

The Jennifer-John study examining bias against female applicants for a science job suggests that

Refer to the set of numbers below. 2, 10, 8, 4, 10, 12, 3 In this set of numbers, the median is _ than the mean and _than the mode.

Which of the following best represents the case study method?

The median is a better measure of central tendency than the mean for which of the following distributions?

Introduction: Principles of Psychology

The Neuroscience of Behavior

Genes, Environment, and Behavior

Developmental Psychology

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Language and Cognition

Intelligence

Motivation and the Regulation of Behavior

Emotions, Stress, and Health

Personality

Social Psychology

Clinical Psychology

Filters

Exam 2: Psychology As a Science

Happily married men live longer than unmarried men. This means marital satisfaction and life expectancy are _______ correlated for males.

In an experiment, the variable that is expected to differ across the experimental and control groups is the _______ variable.

Strong inference

Experimental research would be more useful than correlational research to test the hypothesis that

Participants are randomly assigned to treatment and control groups to reduce the likelihood of _______.

Describe two limitations of survey research.

Whether depression levels are truly lower in a treatment group than in a control group is assessed by determining the _______ of the difference in scores between groups.

A manager at a science museum wants to identify the most popular exhibits, so once every hour for six weeks she has volunteers count the number of people standing in front of each exhibit. This is an example of

Select the correct order of measures of central tendency, from lowest to highest, for a negatively skewed distribution.

Which of the following measures is most likely to take place at the public discourse stage of a psychological research program?

Which of the following research methods would be most appropriate for exploring whether childhood emotional abuse predicts higher levels of adult depression?

The first five participants in a study of motivation have scores of 5, 6, 7, 11, and 11 on the motivation questionnaire. Which of the following will change most if the next participant receives a score of 1?

A self-report measure of the personality trait of agreeableness produces very similar scores each time the same person completes it. It is also strongly correlated with whether family members describe a person as friendly and cooperative. This measure appears to be

The Jennifer-John study examining bias against female applicants for a science job suggests that

Refer to the set of numbers below. 2, 10, 8, 4, 10, 12, 3 In this set of numbers, the median is _______ than the mean and _______than the mode.

Which of the following best represents the case study method?

The median is a better measure of central tendency than the mean for which of the following distributions?

Introduction: Principles of Psychology

The Neuroscience of Behavior

Genes, Environment, and Behavior

Developmental Psychology

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Language and Cognition

Intelligence

Motivation and the Regulation of Behavior

Emotions, Stress, and Health

Personality

Social Psychology

Clinical Psychology

Filters

Refer to the set of numbers below. 2, 10, 8, 4, 10, 12, 3 In this set of numbers, the median is _ than the mean and _than the mode.