Question 1

Research using the Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment (HOME) indicates that

Accepted Answer

A)  preschoolers who develop well intellectually have homes rich in educational toys and books. 
B)  preschoolers who develop well intellectually have parents who resolve conflicts with punishment. 
C)  HOME scores predict academic achievement better than IQ scores. 
D)  the organization of the physical environment predicts IQ gains only among high-SES children. 
A)  preschoolers who develop well intellectually have homes rich in educational toys and books. 
B)  preschoolers who develop well intellectually have parents who resolve conflicts with punishment. 
C)  HOME scores predict academic achievement better than IQ scores. 
D)  the organization of the physical environment predicts IQ gains only among high-SES children.

Question 2

In his classroom, Mr. Palinco introduces activities that build on his students' current thinking, challenging their incorrect ways of viewing the world, but he is careful not to impose new skills before the children indicate they are interested and ready. Mr. Palinco is adhering to which educational principle derived from Piaget's theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  sensitivity to children's readiness to learn 
B)  assisted discovery 
C)  discovery learning 
D)  acceptance of individual differences 
A)  sensitivity to children's readiness to learn 
B)  assisted discovery 
C)  discovery learning 
D)  acceptance of individual differences

Question 3

Evidence suggests that formal academic training during early childhood

Accepted Answer

A)  produces children who have more confidence in their academic abilities. 
B)  produces children who display fewer stress behaviors, such as wiggling and rocking. 
C)  enhances children's study habits throughout the school years. 
D)  undermines young children's motivation and emotional well-being. 
A)  produces children who have more confidence in their academic abilities. 
B)  produces children who display fewer stress behaviors, such as wiggling and rocking. 
C)  enhances children's study habits throughout the school years. 
D)  undermines young children's motivation and emotional well-being.

Question 4

Which of the following statements about children's questions is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  With age, preschoolers increasingly ask about function, activity, state, and theory of mind. 
B)  At every age between 1 and 5 years, non-information-seeking questions are more often used than information-seeking questions. 
C)  Children do not begin asking questions until they have the vocabulary to formulate sentences. 
D)  Inquisitive children are more often merely clamoring for attention than seeking real answers to their questions. 
A)  With age, preschoolers increasingly ask about function, activity, state, and theory of mind. 
B)  At every age between 1 and 5 years, non-information-seeking questions are more often used than information-seeking questions. 
C)  Children do not begin asking questions until they have the vocabulary to formulate sentences. 
D)  Inquisitive children are more often merely clamoring for attention than seeking real answers to their questions.

Question 5

Due to the large amounts of time children in village and tribal cultures spend in contact with adult work,

Accepted Answer

A)  assumption of adult roles is met with resistance from children. 
B)  make-believe play is more complex and imaginative than in Western cultures. 
C)  adults restrict children's activities to ones that they feel the child can safely perform. 
D)  parents have little need to rely on conversation and play to teach children. 
A)  assumption of adult roles is met with resistance from children. 
B)  make-believe play is more complex and imaginative than in Western cultures. 
C)  adults restrict children's activities to ones that they feel the child can safely perform. 
D)  parents have little need to rely on conversation and play to teach children.

Question 6

After a trip to the zoo, 4-year-old Jaden is able to remember the animals he saw and the context in which he saw them. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  scripts. 
B)  recognition without recall. 
C)  autobiographical memory. 
D)  overlapping waves. 
A)  scripts. 
B)  recognition without recall. 
C)  autobiographical memory. 
D)  overlapping waves.

Question 7

Chen, a preschooler, is most likely to view the mind as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  active machine. 
B)  constructive agent that interprets information. 
C)  passive container of information. 
D)  constantly spinning wheel. 
A)  active machine. 
B)  constructive agent that interprets information. 
C)  passive container of information. 
D)  constantly spinning wheel.

Question 8

According to Vygotsky, which of the following is within a child's zone of proximal development?

Accepted Answer

A)  a task that is too difficult for a child to accomplish alone or with the help of an adult 
B)  a task that a child has recently mastered independently following the assistance of an adult 
C)  a task that is too difficult for a child to do alone but possible with the help of others 
D)  a task that a child figures out how to accomplish through her own independent activity 
A)  a task that is too difficult for a child to accomplish alone or with the help of an adult 
B)  a task that a child has recently mastered independently following the assistance of an adult 
C)  a task that is too difficult for a child to do alone but possible with the help of others 
D)  a task that a child figures out how to accomplish through her own independent activity

Question 9

Compared with Asian children, Western children produce narratives

Accepted Answer

A)  that contain more contradictory information. 
B)  far less often, and usually about impersonal topics. 
C)  without regard for their audience's interest level. 
D)  with more talk about their own thoughts and emotions. 
A)  that contain more contradictory information. 
B)  far less often, and usually about impersonal topics. 
C)  without regard for their audience's interest level. 
D)  with more talk about their own thoughts and emotions.

Question 10

According to the principle of mutual exclusivity bias, toddlers

Accepted Answer

A)  assume that objects have multiple labels. 
B)  connect new words with their underlying concepts after only a brief encounter. 
C)  assume that words refer to entirely separate, nonoverlapping categories. 
D)  discover the structure of sentences by relying on the meanings of words. 
A)  assume that objects have multiple labels. 
B)  connect new words with their underlying concepts after only a brief encounter. 
C)  assume that words refer to entirely separate, nonoverlapping categories. 
D)  discover the structure of sentences by relying on the meanings of words.

Question 11

At age 3, Elliot is able to break down __________ into __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  basic-level categories; general categories 
B)  basic-level categories; subcategories 
C)  general categories; subcategories 
D)  subcategories; basic-level categories 
A)  basic-level categories; general categories 
B)  basic-level categories; subcategories 
C)  general categories; subcategories 
D)  subcategories; basic-level categories

Question 12

The usefulness of children's questions depends on the

Accepted Answer

A)  child's ethnicity and culture. 
B)  topic about which the child is inquiring. 
C)  informative value of adults' answers. 
D)  exposure they receive to different viewpoints. 
A)  child's ethnicity and culture. 
B)  topic about which the child is inquiring. 
C)  informative value of adults' answers. 
D)  exposure they receive to different viewpoints.

Question 13

Which of the following statements is supported by research on child care?

Accepted Answer

A)  Even high-quality early intervention does not enhance the development of economically disadvantaged children. 
B)  Preschoolers exposed to substandard child care, particularly for long hours, display more behavior problems. 
C)  Psychological well-being improves when children experience several child-care settings. 
D)  The emotional problems of temperamentally difficult preschoolers improve dramatically in child care. 
A)  Even high-quality early intervention does not enhance the development of economically disadvantaged children. 
B)  Preschoolers exposed to substandard child care, particularly for long hours, display more behavior problems. 
C)  Psychological well-being improves when children experience several child-care settings. 
D)  The emotional problems of temperamentally difficult preschoolers improve dramatically in child care.

Question 14

According to Piaget, young children's thinking is rigid and strongly influenced by the way things appear at the moment because they are not capable of

Accepted Answer

A)  magical thinking. 
B)  animistic thinking. 
C)  operations. 
D)  centration. 
A)  magical thinking. 
B)  animistic thinking. 
C)  operations. 
D)  centration.

Question 15

Four-year-old Matthew is given a toy robotic dog for his birthday. Matthew is most likely to

Accepted Answer

A)  try to interact with the robotic dog as he would a real dog. 
B)  recognize that the robotic dog is not alive despite its lifelike features. 
C)  insist that his mother make something for the robotic dog to eat. 
D)  realize that the robotic dog cannot see, think, or remember like real dogs. 
A)  try to interact with the robotic dog as he would a real dog. 
B)  recognize that the robotic dog is not alive despite its lifelike features. 
C)  insist that his mother make something for the robotic dog to eat. 
D)  realize that the robotic dog cannot see, think, or remember like real dogs.

Question 16

Children with autism

Accepted Answer

A)  only use words to exchange ideas. 
B)  have narrow and overly intense interests. 
C)  engage in more make-believe play than typically developing children. 
D)  show extremely rapid synaptic pruning. 
A)  only use words to exchange ideas. 
B)  have narrow and overly intense interests. 
C)  engage in more make-believe play than typically developing children. 
D)  show extremely rapid synaptic pruning.

Question 17

Theory of mind research indicates that by age 2, children realize that

Accepted Answer

A)  both beliefs and desires determine behavior. 
B)  thinking takes place inside their heads. 
C)  people can hold false beliefs. 
D)  others' wants and needs can differ from their own. 
A)  both beliefs and desires determine behavior. 
B)  thinking takes place inside their heads. 
C)  people can hold false beliefs. 
D)  others' wants and needs can differ from their own.

Question 18

When Sadie says, "I goed to the store," her mother replies, "Yes, you went to the store." Sadie's mother's response is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  fast-mapping. 
B)  a recast. 
C)  an overregularization. 
D)  an expansion. 
A)  fast-mapping. 
B)  a recast. 
C)  an overregularization. 
D)  an expansion.

Question 19

Which of the following statements about children's emergent literacy is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Many preschoolers think that each letter in a person's signature represents a separate name. 
B)  Most preschoolers realize that a single letter does not stand for a whole word. 
C)  As early as the preschool years, children are able to distinguish between drawing and writing. 
D)  Emergent literacy is something that must be explicitly taught to preschool-age children. 
A)  Many preschoolers think that each letter in a person's signature represents a separate name. 
B)  Most preschoolers realize that a single letter does not stand for a whole word. 
C)  As early as the preschool years, children are able to distinguish between drawing and writing. 
D)  Emergent literacy is something that must be explicitly taught to preschool-age children.

Question 20

Vygotskian classrooms are more likely to utilize __________ than Piagetian classrooms.

Accepted Answer

A)  peer collaboration 
B)  independent discovery 
C)  make-believe play 
D)  discovery learning 
A)  peer collaboration 
B)  independent discovery 
C)  make-believe play 
D)  discovery learning

Research using the Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment (HOME) indicates that

Evidence suggests that formal academic training during early childhood

Which of the following statements about children's questions is true?

Due to the large amounts of time children in village and tribal cultures spend in contact with adult work,

After a trip to the zoo, 4-year-old Jaden is able to remember the animals he saw and the context in which he saw them. This is an example of

Chen, a preschooler, is most likely to view the mind as a(n)

According to Vygotsky, which of the following is within a child's zone of proximal development?

Compared with Asian children, Western children produce narratives

According to the principle of mutual exclusivity bias, toddlers

At age 3, Elliot is able to break down into .

The usefulness of children's questions depends on the

Which of the following statements is supported by research on child care?

According to Piaget, young children's thinking is rigid and strongly influenced by the way things appear at the moment because they are not capable of

Four-year-old Matthew is given a toy robotic dog for his birthday. Matthew is most likely to

Children with autism

Theory of mind research indicates that by age 2, children realize that

When Sadie says, "I goed to the store," her mother replies, "Yes, you went to the store." Sadie's mother's response is an example of

Which of the following statements about children's emergent literacy is true?

Vygotskian classrooms are more likely to utilize __________ than Piagetian classrooms.

History, Theory, and Research Strategies

Genetic and Environmental Foundations

Prenatal Development

Birth and the Newborn Baby

Physical Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Cognitive Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Emotional and Social Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Physical Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Emotional and Social Development in Early Childhood

Physical Development in Middle Childhood

Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Childhood

Filters

Exam 9: Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Research using the Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment (HOME) indicates that

Evidence suggests that formal academic training during early childhood

Which of the following statements about children's questions is true?

Due to the large amounts of time children in village and tribal cultures spend in contact with adult work,

After a trip to the zoo, 4-year-old Jaden is able to remember the animals he saw and the context in which he saw them. This is an example of

Chen, a preschooler, is most likely to view the mind as a(n)

According to Vygotsky, which of the following is within a child's zone of proximal development?

Compared with Asian children, Western children produce narratives

According to the principle of mutual exclusivity bias, toddlers

At age 3, Elliot is able to break down __________ into __________.

The usefulness of children's questions depends on the

Which of the following statements is supported by research on child care?

According to Piaget, young children's thinking is rigid and strongly influenced by the way things appear at the moment because they are not capable of

Four-year-old Matthew is given a toy robotic dog for his birthday. Matthew is most likely to

Children with autism

Theory of mind research indicates that by age 2, children realize that

When Sadie says, "I goed to the store," her mother replies, "Yes, you went to the store." Sadie's mother's response is an example of

Which of the following statements about children's emergent literacy is true?

Vygotskian classrooms are more likely to utilize __________ than Piagetian classrooms.

History, Theory, and Research Strategies

Genetic and Environmental Foundations

Prenatal Development

Birth and the Newborn Baby

Physical Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Cognitive Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Emotional and Social Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Physical Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Emotional and Social Development in Early Childhood

Physical Development in Middle Childhood

Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Childhood

Filters

At age 3, Elliot is able to break down into .