Question 1

Which of the following conditions is the minimum necessary to make people feel they are part of an ingroup?

Accepted Answer

A)  Face-to-face interaction. 
B)  Shared beliefs about the outgroup. 
C)  Having conflicts of interest with the outgroup. 
D)  Being labeled as a group member. 
A)  Face-to-face interaction. 
B)  Shared beliefs about the outgroup. 
C)  Having conflicts of interest with the outgroup. 
D)  Being labeled as a group member.

Question 2

Define the concept of prototypicality and explain how it affects observers' categoriza- tion of others.

Accepted Answer

Prototypicality refers to the degree to

Question 3

Jorge is a gay man. According to research on the man-first principle, when he and his partner are introduced, his name is more likely to be mentioned first if

Accepted Answer

A)  he is older. 
B)  he has feminine characteristics. 
C)  his partner has a lower status job. 
D)  he has masculine characteristics. 
A)  he is older. 
B)  he has feminine characteristics. 
C)  his partner has a lower status job. 
D)  he has masculine characteristics.

Question 4

Describe two research findings about stereotypes in advertising.

Accepted Answer

One research finding about stereotypes i

Question 5

The process of simplifying our environment by grouping people together by the characteristics they have in common is labeled

Accepted Answer

A)  categorization. 
B)  stereotyping. 
C)  homogenizing. 
D)  subtyping. 
A)  categorization. 
B)  stereotyping. 
C)  homogenizing. 
D)  subtyping.

Question 6

The desire to avoid treating outgroup members as though they were part of the ingroup is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  ingroup over-exclusion. 
B)  outgroup under-inclusion. 
C)  the minimal group paradigm. 
D)  the outgroup homogeneity effect. 
A)  ingroup over-exclusion. 
B)  outgroup under-inclusion. 
C)  the minimal group paradigm. 
D)  the outgroup homogeneity effect.

Question 7

Why is the minority bias in categorization more likely to emerge when a Black person rather than an Asian person is being categorized?

Accepted Answer

A)  Asian people stand higher than Black people in America's racial hierarchy. 
B)  There are more biracial Black people than biracial Asian people in the United States. 
C)  People have more experience recognizing the prototypical features associated with Black people. 
D)  The "one drop rule" was used as a basis for deciding whether Asian people could immigrate to the United States. 
A)  Asian people stand higher than Black people in America's racial hierarchy. 
B)  There are more biracial Black people than biracial Asian people in the United States. 
C)  People have more experience recognizing the prototypical features associated with Black people. 
D)  The "one drop rule" was used as a basis for deciding whether Asian people could immigrate to the United States.

Question 8

Name and describe two processes that reflect top-down categorization.

Accepted Answer

Two processes that reflect top-down cate

Question 9

Jolie read a story about a Muslim immigrant to the United Kingdom. The story had information that was consistent and information that was inconsistent with her ste- reotypical beliefs about Muslims. Jolie told the story to Cameron, who then shared it with Taylor. Results of research suggest that if Taylor later shares the story with Matt, she will most likely include details of the story that

Accepted Answer

A)  are consistent with the stereotype of Muslims. 
B)  are inconsistent with the stereotype of Muslims. 
C)  could not be confirmed as factual. 
D)  were described in concrete terms. 
A)  are consistent with the stereotype of Muslims. 
B)  are inconsistent with the stereotype of Muslims. 
C)  could not be confirmed as factual. 
D)  were described in concrete terms.

Question 10

Explain why perceivers need to strike a balance between efficiency and accuracy in the categorization process.

Accepted Answer

Perceivers need to strike a balance betw

Question 11

According to research on stereotypes in advertising,

Accepted Answer

A)  older men are seen less often in ads than are older women. 
B)  African Americans are rarely seen displaying aggression. 
C)  Asian Americans are more often seen as parents than are members of other racial/ ethnic groups. 
D)  Latinx people are rarely shown in advertisements. 
A)  older men are seen less often in ads than are older women. 
B)  African Americans are rarely seen displaying aggression. 
C)  Asian Americans are more often seen as parents than are members of other racial/ ethnic groups. 
D)  Latinx people are rarely shown in advertisements.

Question 12

People are more likely to engage in ingroup over-exclusion when they

Accepted Answer

A)  are motivated to be accurate. 
B)  are angry. 
C)  believe resources are scarce. 
D)  have just seen a funny film clip about the outgroup. 
A)  are motivated to be accurate. 
B)  are angry. 
C)  believe resources are scarce. 
D)  have just seen a funny film clip about the outgroup.

Question 13

Research participants thought of an Asian woman in terms of her gender when they saw her putting on make-up, but thought of her in terms of her race when they saw her eating with chopsticks. This finding supports the idea that-------------------can influence the categorization process.

Accepted Answer

A)  prototypicality 
B)  context 
C)  stereotype endorsement 
D)  individual differences in prejudice 
A)  prototypicality 
B)  context 
C)  stereotype endorsement 
D)  individual differences in prejudice

Question 14

Research about language and stereotyping suggests that

Accepted Answer

A)  using qualifiers makes it less likely that a subtyped group will be stereotyped. 
B)  people are more likely to use qualifiers for outgroups than for ingroups. 
C)  when foreign accents appear in movies, it increases acceptance of immigrants. 
D)  the use of mock Spanish is related to negative perceptions of Latinx people. 
A)  using qualifiers makes it less likely that a subtyped group will be stereotyped. 
B)  people are more likely to use qualifiers for outgroups than for ingroups. 
C)  when foreign accents appear in movies, it increases acceptance of immigrants. 
D)  the use of mock Spanish is related to negative perceptions of Latinx people.

Question 15

The results of research indicate that when observers read about someone who has characteristics that are both consistent and inconsistent with their expectations, they will be

Accepted Answer

A)  more likely to accurately recall the inconsistent information. 
B)  initially unable to recall the inconsistent information, but later will be able to. 
C)  better at remembering information that is consistent with their expectations. 
D)  initially better at recalling the inconsistent information, but over time will recall only the consistent information. 
A)  more likely to accurately recall the inconsistent information. 
B)  initially unable to recall the inconsistent information, but later will be able to. 
C)  better at remembering information that is consistent with their expectations. 
D)  initially better at recalling the inconsistent information, but over time will recall only the consistent information.

Question 16

Which of the following is not a basic social category?

Accepted Answer

A)  Age 
B)  Gender 
C)  Race 
D)  Sexual orientation 
A)  Age 
B)  Gender 
C)  Race 
D)  Sexual orientation

Question 17

Trevor's professor gave a lecture on unconscious biases and how they operate. The professor then asked the students to complete a measure of unconscious bias toward people who are older. Trevor's results showed evidence of bias against this social group. Having become aware of his unconscious bias, in the future, Trevor will most likely

Accepted Answer

A)  respond defensively in group discussions about unconscious biases. 
B)  be less likely to attend class. 
C)  score higher on exam questions about this topic. 
D)  be more motivated to control his prejudiced responses to older people. 
A)  respond defensively in group discussions about unconscious biases. 
B)  be less likely to attend class. 
C)  score higher on exam questions about this topic. 
D)  be more motivated to control his prejudiced responses to older people.

Question 18

Fredric Bartlett asked research participants to read a story about Native Americans. He later asked them to recall details of the story. His results showed that participants

Accepted Answer

A)  recalled only the most engaging aspects of the story. 
B)  were better at recalling the parts of the story that were different from their own experience. 
C)  changed details of the story to make them fit with their own culture and ideas. 
D)  recalled the same details of the story after eight days and after one year. 
A)  recalled only the most engaging aspects of the story. 
B)  were better at recalling the parts of the story that were different from their own experience. 
C)  changed details of the story to make them fit with their own culture and ideas. 
D)  recalled the same details of the story after eight days and after one year.

Question 19

Which of the following statements is supported by research on subtyping?

Accepted Answer

A)  Stereotypes based on subtypes are less likely to be accurate than are stereotypes based on basic category membership. 
B)  People rarely rely on positive subtypes. 
C)  People who are high in prejudice are more likely to use subtypes than are people low in prejudice. 
D)  All basic categories have subtypes. 
A)  Stereotypes based on subtypes are less likely to be accurate than are stereotypes based on basic category membership. 
B)  People rarely rely on positive subtypes. 
C)  People who are high in prejudice are more likely to use subtypes than are people low in prejudice. 
D)  All basic categories have subtypes.

Question 20

The effect of using qualifiers for members of non-traditional groups (such as "woman doctor") is that members of those groups are

Accepted Answer

A)  better liked. 
B)  stereotyped based on their category membership. 
C)  more subject to the correspondence bias. 
D)  viewed negatively. 
A)  better liked. 
B)  stereotyped based on their category membership. 
C)  more subject to the correspondence bias. 
D)  viewed negatively.

Which of the following conditions is the minimum necessary to make people feel they are part of an ingroup?

Define the concept of prototypicality and explain how it affects observers' categoriza- tion of others.

Jorge is a gay man. According to research on the man-first principle, when he and his partner are introduced, his name is more likely to be mentioned first if

Describe two research findings about stereotypes in advertising.

The process of simplifying our environment by grouping people together by the characteristics they have in common is labeled

The desire to avoid treating outgroup members as though they were part of the ingroup is referred to as

Why is the minority bias in categorization more likely to emerge when a Black person rather than an Asian person is being categorized?

Name and describe two processes that reflect top-down categorization.

Explain why perceivers need to strike a balance between efficiency and accuracy in the categorization process.

According to research on stereotypes in advertising,

People are more likely to engage in ingroup over-exclusion when they

Research participants thought of an Asian woman in terms of her gender when they saw her putting on make-up, but thought of her in terms of her race when they saw her eating with chopsticks. This finding supports the idea that-------------------can influence the categorization process.

Research about language and stereotyping suggests that

The results of research indicate that when observers read about someone who has characteristics that are both consistent and inconsistent with their expectations, they will be

Which of the following is not a basic social category?

Fredric Bartlett asked research participants to read a story about Native Americans. He later asked them to recall details of the story. His results showed that participants

Which of the following statements is supported by research on subtyping?

The effect of using qualifiers for members of non-traditional groups (such as "woman doctor") is that members of those groups are

Introducing the Concepts of Stereotyping, Prejudice, and Discrimination

How Psychologists Study Prejudice and Discrimination

Stereotype Activation and Application

Old-Fashioned and Contemporary Forms of Prejudice

Individual Differences and Prejudice

The Development of Prejudice in Children

The Social Context of Prejudice

From Prejudice to Discrimination

The Experience of Discrimination

Gender, Gender Identity, and Sexual Orientation

Age, Ability, and Appearance

Reducing Prejudice and Discrimination

Filters

Exam 3: Social Categorization and Stereotypes

Which of the following conditions is the minimum necessary to make people feel they are part of an ingroup?

Define the concept of prototypicality and explain how it affects observers' categoriza- tion of others.

Jorge is a gay man. According to research on the man-first principle, when he and his partner are introduced, his name is more likely to be mentioned first if

Describe two research findings about stereotypes in advertising.

The process of simplifying our environment by grouping people together by the characteristics they have in common is labeled

The desire to avoid treating outgroup members as though they were part of the ingroup is referred to as

Why is the minority bias in categorization more likely to emerge when a Black person rather than an Asian person is being categorized?

Name and describe two processes that reflect top-down categorization.

Explain why perceivers need to strike a balance between efficiency and accuracy in the categorization process.

According to research on stereotypes in advertising,

People are more likely to engage in ingroup over-exclusion when they

Research participants thought of an Asian woman in terms of her gender when they saw her putting on make-up, but thought of her in terms of her race when they saw her eating with chopsticks. This finding supports the idea that-------------------can influence the categorization process.

Research about language and stereotyping suggests that

The results of research indicate that when observers read about someone who has characteristics that are both consistent and inconsistent with their expectations, they will be

Which of the following is not a basic social category?

Fredric Bartlett asked research participants to read a story about Native Americans. He later asked them to recall details of the story. His results showed that participants

Which of the following statements is supported by research on subtyping?

The effect of using qualifiers for members of non-traditional groups (such as "woman doctor") is that members of those groups are

Introducing the Concepts of Stereotyping, Prejudice, and Discrimination

How Psychologists Study Prejudice and Discrimination

Stereotype Activation and Application

Old-Fashioned and Contemporary Forms of Prejudice

Individual Differences and Prejudice

The Development of Prejudice in Children

The Social Context of Prejudice

From Prejudice to Discrimination

The Experience of Discrimination

Gender, Gender Identity, and Sexual Orientation

Age, Ability, and Appearance

Reducing Prejudice and Discrimination

Filters