Question 1

A songbird species in which males have larger forebrain regions than females is an example of a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  sexual dimorphism. 
B)  mutation. 
C)  gyandromorph. 
D)  activational effect. 
A)  sexual dimorphism. 
B)  mutation. 
C)  gyandromorph. 
D)  activational effect. A

Question 2

A person born with testes who appears female/feminine externally most likely has

Accepted Answer

A)  no Y chromosome. 
B)  an extra X chromosome. 
C)  a dysfunctional androgen receptor. 
D)  little to no testosterone production. 
A)  no Y chromosome. 
B)  an extra X chromosome. 
C)  a dysfunctional androgen receptor. 
D)  little to no testosterone production. C

Question 3

In addition to affecting the number of motor neurons, manipulating the number of limb buds in chick embryos also affects the

Accepted Answer

A)  size of individual dorsal root ganglion cells. 
B)  size of individual motor neurons. 
C)  number of dorsal root ganglion cells. 
D)  number of sympathetic ganglia. 
A)  size of individual dorsal root ganglion cells. 
B)  size of individual motor neurons. 
C)  number of dorsal root ganglion cells. 
D)  number of sympathetic ganglia. C

Question 4

The appearance of an apoptotic neuron is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  pyknotic. 
B)  microglial. 
C)  pathological. 
D)  neurotrophic. 
A)  pyknotic. 
B)  microglial. 
C)  pathological. 
D)  neurotrophic.

Question 5

NGF is transported _______ in a neuron to _______ apoptosis.

Accepted Answer

A)  retrogradely; promote 
B)  anterogradely; promote 
C)  retrogradely; prevent 
D)  anterogradely; prevent 
A)  retrogradely; promote 
B)  anterogradely; promote 
C)  retrogradely; prevent 
D)  anterogradely; prevent

Question 6

A mutation in the antioxidant protein superoxide dismutase can lead to ALS by

Accepted Answer

A)  failing to get rid of free radicals. 
B)  clearing away too many free radicals. 
C)  introducing a toxic gain of function. 
D)  acting in the motor neuron itself to kill it. 
A)  failing to get rid of free radicals. 
B)  clearing away too many free radicals. 
C)  introducing a toxic gain of function. 
D)  acting in the motor neuron itself to kill it.

Question 7

What drives the developing mammalian gonads to form testes?

Accepted Answer

A)  The presence of a Y chromosome 
B)  Anti-Müllerian hormone 
C)  Testosterone production 
D)  The absence of two X chromosomes 
A)  The presence of a Y chromosome 
B)  Anti-Müllerian hormone 
C)  Testosterone production 
D)  The absence of two X chromosomes

Question 8

Which C. elegans gene signals phagocytes to engulf dead cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  ced-1 
B)  ced-2 
C)  ced-3 
D)  ced-4 
A)  ced-1 
B)  ced-2 
C)  ced-3 
D)  ced-4

Question 9

Why is the vertebrate enzyme caspase-3 referred to as the "executioner"? What information can be gathered from using immunohistochemistry to label caspase-3 in cells?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why is the vertebrate enzyme caspase-3 referred...

Question 10

Sexual differentiation is the process of

Accepted Answer

A)  changing from one sex to another. 
B)  males and females mating. 
C)  gamete formation. 
D)  males and females taking different developmental pathways. 
A)  changing from one sex to another. 
B)  males and females mating. 
C)  gamete formation. 
D)  males and females taking different developmental pathways.

Question 11

Which vertebrate enzyme initiates the apoptotic cascade?

Accepted Answer

A)  Caspase-1 
B)  Caspase-3 
C)  Caspase-6 
D)  Caspase-9 
A)  Caspase-1 
B)  Caspase-3 
C)  Caspase-6 
D)  Caspase-9

Question 12

_______ are responsible for "cleaning up" dead cells in vertebrate nervous systems.

Accepted Answer

A)  Schwann cells 
B)  Oligodendrocytes 
C)  Pyknotic cells 
D)  Microglia 
A)  Schwann cells 
B)  Oligodendrocytes 
C)  Pyknotic cells 
D)  Microglia

Question 13

The decline in the number of motor neurons coincides with the appearance of pyknotic cells, which indicates that

Accepted Answer

A)  only damaged motor neurons die. 
B)  motor neurons die during normal development. 
C)  neurogenesis of motor neurons occurs throughout life. 
D)  motor neurons do not normally die during development. 
A)  only damaged motor neurons die. 
B)  motor neurons die during normal development. 
C)  neurogenesis of motor neurons occurs throughout life. 
D)  motor neurons do not normally die during development.

Question 14

The muscles of Lawrence in fruit flies take on a masculine phenotype as long as the _______ have a male genotype.

Accepted Answer

A)  muscle cells 
B)  wings 
C)  motor neurons 
D)  abdominal ganglia 
A)  muscle cells 
B)  wings 
C)  motor neurons 
D)  abdominal ganglia

Question 15

In rats, the spinal nucleus of the bulbocavernosus undergoes greater _______ in _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  apoptosis; females 
B)  apoptosis; males 
C)  neurogenesis; males 
D)  neurogenesis; females 
A)  apoptosis; females 
B)  apoptosis; males 
C)  neurogenesis; males 
D)  neurogenesis; females

Question 16

What is the primary high-affinity receptor for NGF?

Accepted Answer

A)  TrkB 
B)  TrkC 
C)  Robo 
D)  TrkA 
A)  TrkB 
B)  TrkC 
C)  Robo 
D)  TrkA

Question 17

What would happen if the C. elegans gene ced-3 was not functional?

Accepted Answer

A)  Too many cells would die 
B)  Phagocytes would not be able to clean up debris 
C)  Proteins within a cell would get dismantled prematurely 
D)  Cells that are supposed to die would not be able to die 
A)  Too many cells would die 
B)  Phagocytes would not be able to clean up debris 
C)  Proteins within a cell would get dismantled prematurely 
D)  Cells that are supposed to die would not be able to die

Question 18

The fraternal birth order effect, in which the number of brothers a boy's mother carried before him influences his likelihood of growing up to be gay, is

Accepted Answer

A)  the result of social influences from the older brothers. 
B)  the result of a genetic mutation. 
C)  proof that sexual orientation is a matter of choice. 
D)  only apparent in boys who are right-handed. 
A)  the result of social influences from the older brothers. 
B)  the result of a genetic mutation. 
C)  proof that sexual orientation is a matter of choice. 
D)  only apparent in boys who are right-handed.

Question 19

In rodent development, what would happen if there was no α-fetoprotein to bind the circulating estrogen that comes from the mother's ovaries?

Accepted Answer

A)  Testosterone would not be converted into estradiol. 
B)  All rats would develop into females. 
C)  Males would be feminized in behavior. 
D)  Females would be masculinized in behavior. 
A)  Testosterone would not be converted into estradiol. 
B)  All rats would develop into females. 
C)  Males would be feminized in behavior. 
D)  Females would be masculinized in behavior.

Question 20

Why might the evidence that some fruitless gene mutations cause same-sex courting behavior in Drosophila not be relevant to human sexual orientation?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why might the evidence that some fruitless...

A songbird species in which males have larger forebrain regions than females is an example of a(n)

A person born with testes who appears female/feminine externally most likely has

In addition to affecting the number of motor neurons, manipulating the number of limb buds in chick embryos also affects the

The appearance of an apoptotic neuron is referred to as

NGF is transported _ in a neuron to _ apoptosis.

A mutation in the antioxidant protein superoxide dismutase can lead to ALS by

What drives the developing mammalian gonads to form testes?

Which C. elegans gene signals phagocytes to engulf dead cells?

Why is the vertebrate enzyme caspase-3 referred to as the "executioner"? What information can be gathered from using immunohistochemistry to label caspase-3 in cells?

Sexual differentiation is the process of

Which vertebrate enzyme initiates the apoptotic cascade?

_______ are responsible for "cleaning up" dead cells in vertebrate nervous systems.

The decline in the number of motor neurons coincides with the appearance of pyknotic cells, which indicates that

The muscles of Lawrence in fruit flies take on a masculine phenotype as long as the _______ have a male genotype.

In rats, the spinal nucleus of the bulbocavernosus undergoes greater _ in _.

What is the primary high-affinity receptor for NGF?

What would happen if the C. elegans gene ced-3 was not functional?

The fraternal birth order effect, in which the number of brothers a boy's mother carried before him influences his likelihood of growing up to be gay, is

In rodent development, what would happen if there was no α-fetoprotein to bind the circulating estrogen that comes from the mother's ovaries?

Why might the evidence that some fruitless gene mutations cause same-sex courting behavior in Drosophila not be relevant to human sexual orientation?

Cell Differentiation and Neural Induction

Development of a Body Pattern

Neurogenesis and Migration

Neural Differentiation

Axonal Pathfinding

Synapse Formation and Maturation

Activity-Guided Neural Development

Experience-Guided Neural Development

Socially Guided Neural Development

Filters

Exam 7: Apoptosis

A songbird species in which males have larger forebrain regions than females is an example of a(n)

A person born with testes who appears female/feminine externally most likely has

In addition to affecting the number of motor neurons, manipulating the number of limb buds in chick embryos also affects the

The appearance of an apoptotic neuron is referred to as

NGF is transported _______ in a neuron to _______ apoptosis.

A mutation in the antioxidant protein superoxide dismutase can lead to ALS by

What drives the developing mammalian gonads to form testes?

Which C. elegans gene signals phagocytes to engulf dead cells?

Why is the vertebrate enzyme caspase-3 referred to as the "executioner"? What information can be gathered from using immunohistochemistry to label caspase-3 in cells?

Sexual differentiation is the process of

Which vertebrate enzyme initiates the apoptotic cascade?

_______ are responsible for "cleaning up" dead cells in vertebrate nervous systems.

The decline in the number of motor neurons coincides with the appearance of pyknotic cells, which indicates that

The muscles of Lawrence in fruit flies take on a masculine phenotype as long as the _______ have a male genotype.

In rats, the spinal nucleus of the bulbocavernosus undergoes greater _______ in _______.

What is the primary high-affinity receptor for NGF?

What would happen if the C. elegans gene ced-3 was not functional?

The fraternal birth order effect, in which the number of brothers a boy's mother carried before him influences his likelihood of growing up to be gay, is

In rodent development, what would happen if there was no α-fetoprotein to bind the circulating estrogen that comes from the mother's ovaries?

Why might the evidence that some fruitless gene mutations cause same-sex courting behavior in Drosophila not be relevant to human sexual orientation?

Cell Differentiation and Neural Induction

Development of a Body Pattern

Neurogenesis and Migration

Neural Differentiation

Axonal Pathfinding

Synapse Formation and Maturation

Activity-Guided Neural Development

Experience-Guided Neural Development

Socially Guided Neural Development

Filters

NGF is transported _ in a neuron to _ apoptosis.

In rats, the spinal nucleus of the bulbocavernosus undergoes greater _ in _.