Exam 3: Neurogenesis and Migration

Immunohistochemistry is the process of using _______ to visualize a particular molecule.

Refer to the figure. Along this portion of the neural tube, which will become the spinal cord, predict the fate of each of the groups of neural crest cells, depicted in blue, orange, yellow and red.

In order to migrate to their destinations, neural crest cells must move though the _______ by secreting _______.

If BrDU-stained neurons are found in the dentate gyrus, from where did they originate?

Because noggin, chordin, and follistatin all play a role in neural plate differentiation, there is _______ of gene effects.

Once neural crest cells break free from the neural tube, what specific molecular factor allows them to migrate out in discrete streams rather than in one continuous wave? Name the factor and where it is located, and describe how it influences crest cell migration.

Which molecule, used to determine the birthdate of a cell, is especially useful because immunohistochemistry can be applied to identify it safely and efficiently?

In cerebellar development, neurons in the external granule layer come from

In neural crest cell migration, cells that stop just short of the somites will develop into neurons of the

Explain the mechanism responsible for why Kallmann syndrome is characterized by two seemingly unrelated symptoms: failure of the pituitary to release gonadotropins at puberty and lack of a sense of smell.

In the developing neural tube, mitosis occurs almost exclusively near the

Researchers injected a DNA marker into rhesus monkeys at different prenatal stages of development, let them grow up, and then looked at the neocortex neurons. They found that, depending on when during development they injected their DNA marker, the labeled neurons would be located in a different layer of the cortex with the most recently labeled ones located in layer II. What do these results suggest?

What repels migrating neural crest cells?

Refer to the figure. The figure shows a photomicrograph of the cerebellum of a mouse with a reeler mutation. The granule cells are darkly stained and a representative Purkinje cell is denoted with an arrow. Describe the organization of the Purkinje and granule cells in this mutant mouse compared to a wild-type mouse.

In humans, a late migration of cells to the frontal cortex has been observed after birth and is most prominent during the first few months of life. What is the potential significance of cells settling in various layers of the frontal cortex after birth?

In the cerebral cortex, the layer of cells that populate the region just above, but not lining, the ventricular surface is referred to as the

In neural tube development, a neuroblast may divide _______ to produce two neuroblasts.

Astrocytes can be distinguished from neurons because only astrocytes express

What is the term for the phenomenon in which a gene plays a role in the development of several different, apparently unrelated functions?

Neural crest cells from the thoracic and lumbar regions will form the