Question 1

In quantitative research, a representative sample is an important consideration because the results of the research are more likely to be:

Accepted Answer

A)  internally valid. 
B)  reliable. 
C)  generalisable. 
D)  of sufficient depth. 
A)  internally valid. 
B)  reliable. 
C)  generalisable. 
D)  of sufficient depth. C

Question 2

Which qualitative analytic technique requires a greater level of detail in the transcription of data?

Accepted Answer

A)  Thematic analysis 
B)  Content analysis 
C)  Narrative analysis 
D)  Conversation analysis 
A)  Thematic analysis 
B)  Content analysis 
C)  Narrative analysis 
D)  Conversation analysis D

Question 3

For which of the following data collection tools would a pilot study be appropriate to test their functionality?

Accepted Answer

A)  Semi-structured interview protocol 
B)  Self-report questionnaire about values 
C)  Observation schedule 
D)  All of these 
A)  Semi-structured interview protocol 
B)  Self-report questionnaire about values 
C)  Observation schedule 
D)  All of these D

Question 4

Experts in a particular phenomenon are often consulted by psychometricians in order to assess:

Accepted Answer

A)  the criterion validity of a psychometric test. 
B)  the construct validity of a psychometric test. 
C)  the overall validity of a psychometric test. 
D)  the content validity of a psychometric test. 
A)  the criterion validity of a psychometric test. 
B)  the construct validity of a psychometric test. 
C)  the overall validity of a psychometric test. 
D)  the content validity of a psychometric test.

Question 5

Which index for the assessment of the internal reliability of a scale is more statistically sophisticated?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cohen's kappa 
B)  The split-half coefficient 
C)  Cronbach's alpha 
D)  Test-retest coefficient 
A)  Cohen's kappa 
B)  The split-half coefficient 
C)  Cronbach's alpha 
D)  Test-retest coefficient

Question 6

Images can be a useful source of non-numeric data. Which of the following are image data?

Accepted Answer

A)  Children's drawings 
B)  Photos on Instagram 
C)  Advertisements of weight loss products 
D)  All of these 
A)  Children's drawings 
B)  Photos on Instagram 
C)  Advertisements of weight loss products 
D)  All of these

Question 7

Which of the following types of generalisation are qualitative researchers not typically concerned about:

Accepted Answer

A)  theoretical generalisation. 
B)  representational generalisation. 
C)  inferential generalisation. 
D)  transferability. 
A)  theoretical generalisation. 
B)  representational generalisation. 
C)  inferential generalisation. 
D)  transferability.

Question 8

The degree of researcher's involvement in the generation of research data determines whether the data are:

Accepted Answer

A)  Quantitative or qualitative 
B)  Visual or textual 
C)  Elicited or naturally occurring 
D)  Valid and reliable 
A)  Quantitative or qualitative 
B)  Visual or textual 
C)  Elicited or naturally occurring 
D)  Valid and reliable

Question 9

Convenience sampling is applied:

Accepted Answer

A)  only to quantitative research. 
B)  only to qualitative research. 
C)  to both qualitative and quantitative research. 
D)  to neither quantitative nor qualitative research. 
A)  only to quantitative research. 
B)  only to qualitative research. 
C)  to both qualitative and quantitative research. 
D)  to neither quantitative nor qualitative research.

Question 10

Which of the following objectives cannot be attained with a pilot study?

Accepted Answer

A)  To test the equipment that researchers intend to use in their main study 
B)  To check whether the data researchers are interested in are available 
C)  To test whether a newly designed attitude questionnaire is understandable 
D)  To find out if the results in the full study are likely to be statistically significant 
A)  To test the equipment that researchers intend to use in their main study 
B)  To check whether the data researchers are interested in are available 
C)  To test whether a newly designed attitude questionnaire is understandable 
D)  To find out if the results in the full study are likely to be statistically significant

Question 11

Although most things psychologists are interested in are measured on a nominal and ordinal scale of measurement, we often treat our data as interval in order to:

Accepted Answer

A)  perform non-parametric tests of statistical analysis. 
B)  use parametric tests of statistical analysis. 
C)  apply methods of analysis that are more scientific. 
D)  perform descriptive statistics. 
A)  perform non-parametric tests of statistical analysis. 
B)  use parametric tests of statistical analysis. 
C)  apply methods of analysis that are more scientific. 
D)  perform descriptive statistics.

Question 12

A researcher who studies cognitive development during childhood decided to use the results of pupils' school exams to assess the stage of cognitive development. The number of wrong answers in the exams represents a measurement, the scale of which is:

Accepted Answer

A)  nominal. 
B)  ordinal. 
C)  interval. 
D)  ratio. 
A)  nominal. 
B)  ordinal. 
C)  interval. 
D)  ratio.

Question 13

What could hinder the elicitation of rich data in an interview setting?

Accepted Answer

A)  Using complex terminology 
B)  Ask general questions at the end of the interview 
C)  Questions with double negatives 
D)  All of these 
A)  Using complex terminology 
B)  Ask general questions at the end of the interview 
C)  Questions with double negatives 
D)  All of these

Question 14

Primary and tertiary healthcare workers, with different levels of work experience, were selected from areas with low and high socio-economic status to participate in a research study. How many levels of sampling are implicated?

Accepted Answer

A)  One level 
B)  Two levels 
C)  Three levels 
D)  Four levels 
A)  One level 
B)  Two levels 
C)  Three levels 
D)  Four levels

Question 15

A grounded theory researcher would be alerted to potential saturation when:

Accepted Answer

A)  there were lots of examples of the same data. 
B)  the same theoretical constructs have started to be identified. 
C)  all the data are similar. 
D)  theoretical constructs have been fully developed and linked to each other. 
A)  there were lots of examples of the same data. 
B)  the same theoretical constructs have started to be identified. 
C)  all the data are similar. 
D)  theoretical constructs have been fully developed and linked to each other.

Question 16

Which purposive sampling approach is often used as part of the qualitative component of a mixed-methods study?

Accepted Answer

A)  Critical case sampling 
B)  Chain sampling 
C)  Criterion sampling 
D)  Opportunistic sampling 
A)  Critical case sampling 
B)  Chain sampling 
C)  Criterion sampling 
D)  Opportunistic sampling

Question 17

Which of the following materials can constitute secondary data?

Accepted Answer

A)  Administrative data 
B)  Participant-generated drawings 
C)  Ethnographic field notes 
D)  All of these 
A)  Administrative data 
B)  Participant-generated drawings 
C)  Ethnographic field notes 
D)  All of these

Question 18

In which kind of observational research is inter-observer reliability more likely to be assessed?

Accepted Answer

A)  Participant observation 
B)  Structured observation 
C)  Unstructured observation 
D)  Ethnographic fieldwork 
A)  Participant observation 
B)  Structured observation 
C)  Unstructured observation 
D)  Ethnographic fieldwork

Question 19

Which of the following research designs is less likely to gain ethical approval for studying adolescents' responses to mild bullying behaviours?

Accepted Answer

A)  An experimental design that exposes adolescent participants to mild bullying behaviours 
B)  Observation of naturally occurring events of bullying at the school setting 
C)  Individual interviews with adolescents who have been victims of bullying at school 
D)  A questionnaire survey about responses to bullying among an adolescent population 
A)  An experimental design that exposes adolescent participants to mild bullying behaviours 
B)  Observation of naturally occurring events of bullying at the school setting 
C)  Individual interviews with adolescents who have been victims of bullying at school 
D)  A questionnaire survey about responses to bullying among an adolescent population

Question 20

Which of the following statements about the properties of reliability and validity of a psychometric test is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  Reliability of a test is a necessary but not sufficient condition for having a psychometrically sound instrument. 
B)  Reliability of a test is a sufficient condition for having a psychometrically sound instrument. 
C)  Validity of a test is a necessary but not sufficient condition for having a psychometrically sound instrument. 
D)  Either reliability or validity of a test is sufficient for having a psychometrically sound. 
A)  Reliability of a test is a necessary but not sufficient condition for having a psychometrically sound instrument. 
B)  Reliability of a test is a sufficient condition for having a psychometrically sound instrument. 
C)  Validity of a test is a necessary but not sufficient condition for having a psychometrically sound instrument. 
D)  Either reliability or validity of a test is sufficient for having a psychometrically sound.

In quantitative research, a representative sample is an important consideration because the results of the research are more likely to be:

Which qualitative analytic technique requires a greater level of detail in the transcription of data?

For which of the following data collection tools would a pilot study be appropriate to test their functionality?

Experts in a particular phenomenon are often consulted by psychometricians in order to assess:

Which index for the assessment of the internal reliability of a scale is more statistically sophisticated?

Images can be a useful source of non-numeric data. Which of the following are image data?

Which of the following types of generalisation are qualitative researchers not typically concerned about:

The degree of researcher's involvement in the generation of research data determines whether the data are:

Convenience sampling is applied:

Which of the following objectives cannot be attained with a pilot study?

Although most things psychologists are interested in are measured on a nominal and ordinal scale of measurement, we often treat our data as interval in order to:

A researcher who studies cognitive development during childhood decided to use the results of pupils' school exams to assess the stage of cognitive development. The number of wrong answers in the exams represents a measurement, the scale of which is:

What could hinder the elicitation of rich data in an interview setting?

Primary and tertiary healthcare workers, with different levels of work experience, were selected from areas with low and high socio-economic status to participate in a research study. How many levels of sampling are implicated?

A grounded theory researcher would be alerted to potential saturation when:

Which purposive sampling approach is often used as part of the qualitative component of a mixed-methods study?

Which of the following materials can constitute secondary data?

In which kind of observational research is inter-observer reliability more likely to be assessed?

Which of the following research designs is less likely to gain ethical approval for studying adolescents' responses to mild bullying behaviours?

Which of the following statements about the properties of reliability and validity of a psychometric test is correct?

Research Questions, Design, Strategy and Choice of Methods

Ethics

Big Questions and New Methods

Telling Others About Your Research

Psychology As a Science: What Is Science

Accessing Difficult to Access Information

Quasi-Experimental Designs Including Obervational Methods

Experimental Design

Interviewing and Focus Groups

Descriptive Statistics: Graphical and Numerical Methods

Content Analysis, Thematic Analysis and Discourse Analysis

Self-Report Data

Questionnaire Design

Surveys and Sampling

Inferential Statistics

Factorial Anova

Correlation and Regression

Creating Latent Variables

Filters

Exam 4: Capturing and Recording Information

In quantitative research, a representative sample is an important consideration because the results of the research are more likely to be:

Which qualitative analytic technique requires a greater level of detail in the transcription of data?

For which of the following data collection tools would a pilot study be appropriate to test their functionality?

Experts in a particular phenomenon are often consulted by psychometricians in order to assess:

Which index for the assessment of the internal reliability of a scale is more statistically sophisticated?

Images can be a useful source of non-numeric data. Which of the following are image data?

Which of the following types of generalisation are qualitative researchers not typically concerned about:

The degree of researcher's involvement in the generation of research data determines whether the data are:

Convenience sampling is applied:

Which of the following objectives cannot be attained with a pilot study?

Although most things psychologists are interested in are measured on a nominal and ordinal scale of measurement, we often treat our data as interval in order to:

A researcher who studies cognitive development during childhood decided to use the results of pupils' school exams to assess the stage of cognitive development. The number of wrong answers in the exams represents a measurement, the scale of which is:

What could hinder the elicitation of rich data in an interview setting?

Primary and tertiary healthcare workers, with different levels of work experience, were selected from areas with low and high socio-economic status to participate in a research study. How many levels of sampling are implicated?

A grounded theory researcher would be alerted to potential saturation when:

Which purposive sampling approach is often used as part of the qualitative component of a mixed-methods study?

Which of the following materials can constitute secondary data?

In which kind of observational research is inter-observer reliability more likely to be assessed?

Which of the following research designs is less likely to gain ethical approval for studying adolescents' responses to mild bullying behaviours?

Which of the following statements about the properties of reliability and validity of a psychometric test is correct?

Research Questions, Design, Strategy and Choice of Methods

Ethics

Big Questions and New Methods

Telling Others About Your Research

Psychology As a Science: What Is Science

Accessing Difficult to Access Information

Quasi-Experimental Designs Including Obervational Methods

Experimental Design

Interviewing and Focus Groups

Descriptive Statistics: Graphical and Numerical Methods

Content Analysis, Thematic Analysis and Discourse Analysis

Self-Report Data

Questionnaire Design

Surveys and Sampling

Inferential Statistics

Factorial Anova

Correlation and Regression

Creating Latent Variables

Filters