Question 1

____ developed a staining procedure that enhances the features of nerve elements.

Accepted Answer

A) Camillo Golgi 
B) Julius Eduard Hitzig 
C) Paul Broca 
D) Santiago Ramón y Cajal 
A) Camillo Golgi 
B) Julius Eduard Hitzig 
C) Paul Broca 
D) Santiago Ramón y Cajal A

Question 2

Which of the following advanced the idea that philosophy is simpy the study of bodies in motion?

Accepted Answer

A) René Descartes 
B) Francis Bacon 
C) John Locke 
D) Thomas Hobbes 
A) René Descartes 
B) Francis Bacon 
C) John Locke 
D) Thomas Hobbes D

Question 3

____ was the French researcher who verified the motor function of the ventral root of the spinal cord and discovered the sensory function of the dorsal root of the spinal cord.

Accepted Answer

A) Niels Stensen 
B) Etienne Bonnot de Condillac 
C) François Magendie 
D) Claude-Adrien Helvétius 
A) Niels Stensen 
B) Etienne Bonnot de Condillac 
C) François Magendie 
D) Claude-Adrien Helvétius C

Question 4

The literal meaning of phrenology is

Accepted Answer

A) science of the skull 
B) science of the brain 
C) science of the mind 
D) science of shape 
A) science of the skull 
B) science of the brain 
C) science of the mind 
D) science of shape

Question 5

___ was among the first to use graphs to illustrate the importance of sanitary conditions in field hospitals.

Accepted Answer

A) Francis Galton 
B) Florence Nightingale 
C) Dorothea Lynde Dix 
D) Jacques Quételet 
A) Francis Galton 
B) Florence Nightingale 
C) Dorothea Lynde Dix 
D) Jacques Quételet

Question 6

According to the text, the epistemology embraced by Thomas Hobbes was

Accepted Answer

A) an unqualified empiricism, since knowledge begins with the senses 
B) nominalism, since the truths we know are truths about words 
C) rationalism, since deduction and the geometric method provide the only basis for verifiable conclusions 
D) a complicated combination of empiricism, rationalism, and nominalism 
A) an unqualified empiricism, since knowledge begins with the senses 
B) nominalism, since the truths we know are truths about words 
C) rationalism, since deduction and the geometric method provide the only basis for verifiable conclusions 
D) a complicated combination of empiricism, rationalism, and nominalism

Question 7

Electrical stimulation of the cortex is a technique pioneered by

Accepted Answer

A) Franz Joseph Gall and Johann Kaspar Spurzheim 
B) Julius Eduard Hitzig and Theodor Fritsch 
C) Paul Broca and Pierre Flourens 
D) Hermann von Helmholtz and Johannes Müller 
A) Franz Joseph Gall and Johann Kaspar Spurzheim 
B) Julius Eduard Hitzig and Theodor Fritsch 
C) Paul Broca and Pierre Flourens 
D) Hermann von Helmholtz and Johannes Müller

Question 8

A muscle with an attached nerve from a frog's leg contracts in a sealed glass tube. At one end of the glass tube is a pipette containing a drop of water. When the muscle contracts, the drop of water is not forced out. This demonstration by __________ proved embarrassing to the theory of nervous action advanced by _________

Accepted Answer

A) Descartes . . . Swammerdam 
B) Swammerdam . . . Descartes 
C) Swammerdam . . . Hobbes 
D) Descartes . . . Hobbes 
A) Descartes . . . Swammerdam 
B) Swammerdam . . . Descartes 
C) Swammerdam . . . Hobbes 
D) Descartes . . . Hobbes

Question 9

According to Descartes, the soul, in humans,

Accepted Answer

A) is tied to the body but nevertheless autonomous and free 
B) cannot prevent some emotions (especially in cases of strong emotions) The soul is therefore not completely autonomous 
C) is not really tied to the body and is completely free 
D) plays no role whatever in any kind of movement 
A) is tied to the body but nevertheless autonomous and free 
B) cannot prevent some emotions (especially in cases of strong emotions) The soul is therefore not completely autonomous 
C) is not really tied to the body and is completely free 
D) plays no role whatever in any kind of movement

Question 10

In his work on the doctrine of the specific energies of nerves, _____ argued that a given nerve is only capable of transmitting a single, specific sensation quality.

Accepted Answer

A) Johannes Müller 
B) Sir Charles Bell 
C) François Magendie 
D) Joseph Gall 
A) Johannes Müller 
B) Sir Charles Bell 
C) François Magendie 
D) Joseph Gall

Question 11

Descartes advanced many hypotheses about the pineal gland. Niels Stensen demonstrated that some of the hypotheses were incorrect. Which of the following were challenged by Stensen?

Accepted Answer

A) the pineal gland moves from side to side 
B) the pineal gland is richly supplied with nerves 
C) animals do not have pineal glands 
D) all of the above 
A) the pineal gland moves from side to side 
B) the pineal gland is richly supplied with nerves 
C) animals do not have pineal glands 
D) all of the above

Question 12

_____ was the first to use the term co-relation (later changed to correlation) He also contributed to the technical mathematical basis of correlation.

Accepted Answer

A) Jacques Quételet 
B) Francis Galton 
C) Karl Pearson 
D) Karl Friedrich Gauss 
A) Jacques Quételet 
B) Francis Galton 
C) Karl Pearson 
D) Karl Friedrich Gauss

Question 13

According to Hobbes, the behavior of human beings can be understood

Accepted Answer

A) as a complex interaction of mind and body 
B) in terms of the free choices that we make 
C) in the same quantitative fashion that we employ in our understanding of the physical world 
D) in the context of probability. Psychology could never be an exact science 
A) as a complex interaction of mind and body 
B) in terms of the free choices that we make 
C) in the same quantitative fashion that we employ in our understanding of the physical world 
D) in the context of probability. Psychology could never be an exact science

Question 14

____ wrote Integrative Action of the Nervous System, which laid the foundations for modern neurophysiology.

Accepted Answer

A) Camillo Golgi 
B) Julius Eduard Hitzig 
C) Sir Charles Sherrington 
D) Santiago Ramón y Cajal 
A) Camillo Golgi 
B) Julius Eduard Hitzig 
C) Sir Charles Sherrington 
D) Santiago Ramón y Cajal

Question 15

____ was the first to apply statistics to the moral arena. One way he did so was by studying relationships between criminal behavior and age.

Accepted Answer

A) Jacques Quételet 
B) Francis Galton 
C) Abraham DeMoivre 
D) Karl Friedrich Gauss 
A) Jacques Quételet 
B) Francis Galton 
C) Abraham DeMoivre 
D) Karl Friedrich Gauss

Question 16

______ used the method of ablation to find evidence to support the claims of phrenology but he found no such evidence.

Accepted Answer

A) Franz Joseph Gall 
B) Hermann von Helmholtz 
C) Edward Bradford Titchener 
D) Pierre Flourens 
A) Franz Joseph Gall 
B) Hermann von Helmholtz 
C) Edward Bradford Titchener 
D) Pierre Flourens

Question 17

______ was the first to clearly demonstrate a spinal reflex.

Accepted Answer

A) Sir Charles Bell 
B) Julien Offray de La Mettrie 
C) Stephen Hales 
D) Robert Whytt 
A) Sir Charles Bell 
B) Julien Offray de La Mettrie 
C) Stephen Hales 
D) Robert Whytt

Question 18

_____ developed the conviction that mental functions and personality characteristics are located in specific areas of the brain.

Accepted Answer

A) Franz Joseph Gall 
B) Hermann von Helmholtz 
C) Paul Broca 
D) Pierre Flourens 
A) Franz Joseph Gall 
B) Hermann von Helmholtz 
C) Paul Broca 
D) Pierre Flourens

Question 19

___ measured the speed of a nervous impulse.

Accepted Answer

A) Johannes Müller 
B) Hermann von Helmholtz 
C) Jacques Quételet 
D) Francis Galton 
A) Johannes Müller 
B) Hermann von Helmholtz 
C) Jacques Quételet 
D) Francis Galton

Question 20

The original derivations of the well-known symmetrical bell-shaped curve were set forth by

Accepted Answer

A) Jacques Quételet 
B) Francis Galton 
C) Abraham DeMoivre 
D) Blaise Pascal 
A) Jacques Quételet 
B) Francis Galton 
C) Abraham DeMoivre 
D) Blaise Pascal

____ developed a staining procedure that enhances the features of nerve elements.

Which of the following advanced the idea that philosophy is simpy the study of bodies in motion?

____ was the French researcher who verified the motor function of the ventral root of the spinal cord and discovered the sensory function of the dorsal root of the spinal cord.

The literal meaning of phrenology is

___ was among the first to use graphs to illustrate the importance of sanitary conditions in field hospitals.

According to the text, the epistemology embraced by Thomas Hobbes was

Electrical stimulation of the cortex is a technique pioneered by

According to Descartes, the soul, in humans,

In his work on the doctrine of the specific energies of nerves, _____ argued that a given nerve is only capable of transmitting a single, specific sensation quality.

Descartes advanced many hypotheses about the pineal gland. Niels Stensen demonstrated that some of the hypotheses were incorrect. Which of the following were challenged by Stensen?

_____ was the first to use the term co-relation (later changed to correlation) He also contributed to the technical mathematical basis of correlation.

According to Hobbes, the behavior of human beings can be understood

____ wrote Integrative Action of the Nervous System, which laid the foundations for modern neurophysiology.

____ was the first to apply statistics to the moral arena. One way he did so was by studying relationships between criminal behavior and age.

______ used the method of ablation to find evidence to support the claims of phrenology but he found no such evidence.

______ was the first to clearly demonstrate a spinal reflex.

_____ developed the conviction that mental functions and personality characteristics are located in specific areas of the brain.

___ measured the speed of a nervous impulse.

The original derivations of the well-known symmetrical bell-shaped curve were set forth by

Critical Issues in Historical Studies

Philosophical Issues

Ancient Psychological Thought

The Roman Period and the Middle Ages

The Renaissance

Empiricism, Associationism, and Utilitarianism

Rationalism

Naturalism and Humanitarian Reform

Psychophysics and the Formal Founding of Psychology

Developments After the Founding

Functionalism

Behaviorism

Gestalt Psychology

Psychoanalysis

Humanistic Psychologies

Beyond the Systems of Psychology

Prospects for the Twenty-First Century

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Exam 8: Mechanization and Quantification

____ developed a staining procedure that enhances the features of nerve elements.

Which of the following advanced the idea that philosophy is simpy the study of bodies in motion?

____ was the French researcher who verified the motor function of the ventral root of the spinal cord and discovered the sensory function of the dorsal root of the spinal cord.

The literal meaning of phrenology is

___ was among the first to use graphs to illustrate the importance of sanitary conditions in field hospitals.

According to the text, the epistemology embraced by Thomas Hobbes was

Electrical stimulation of the cortex is a technique pioneered by

According to Descartes, the soul, in humans,

In his work on the doctrine of the specific energies of nerves, _____ argued that a given nerve is only capable of transmitting a single, specific sensation quality.

Descartes advanced many hypotheses about the pineal gland. Niels Stensen demonstrated that some of the hypotheses were incorrect. Which of the following were challenged by Stensen?

_____ was the first to use the term co-relation (later changed to correlation) He also contributed to the technical mathematical basis of correlation.

According to Hobbes, the behavior of human beings can be understood

____ wrote Integrative Action of the Nervous System, which laid the foundations for modern neurophysiology.

____ was the first to apply statistics to the moral arena. One way he did so was by studying relationships between criminal behavior and age.

______ used the method of ablation to find evidence to support the claims of phrenology but he found no such evidence.

______ was the first to clearly demonstrate a spinal reflex.

_____ developed the conviction that mental functions and personality characteristics are located in specific areas of the brain.

___ measured the speed of a nervous impulse.

The original derivations of the well-known symmetrical bell-shaped curve were set forth by

Critical Issues in Historical Studies

Philosophical Issues

Ancient Psychological Thought

The Roman Period and the Middle Ages

The Renaissance

Empiricism, Associationism, and Utilitarianism

Rationalism

Naturalism and Humanitarian Reform

Psychophysics and the Formal Founding of Psychology

Developments After the Founding

Functionalism

Behaviorism

Gestalt Psychology

Psychoanalysis

Humanistic Psychologies

Beyond the Systems of Psychology

Prospects for the Twenty-First Century

Filters