Exam 8: Mechanization and Quantification

Philosophy to Hobbes was

""The heart is a spring, the nerves are strings, the joints are wheels giving motion to the whole body."" This mechanistic approach to life is encountered in the work of

____ discovered that articulate or spoken speech is localized in the left inferior frontal gyrus.

____ was one of the first to use descriptive social statistics in campaigns to improve the treatment environments for people with mental illnesses.

When theorizing about human physiology, Descartes relied heavily on the hydraulic model he observed in moving statues. In Descartes's view of humans, _______ flowing in nerves is (are) analogous to water flowing in the pipes of the statues.

_______, author of Man a Machine, advanced a radical mechanistic philosophy.

______ drew distinctions between voluntary and involuntary actions and may have been the first to use the terms stimulus and response in a manner comparable to modern usage.

Descartes believed that

_____ was the English researcher who discovered the motor function of the ventral root of the spinal cord.

The doctrine of the specific energies of the nerves implies that

_____ was the first to introduce the terms afferent and efferent.

In terms of ontology, Hobbes was

______ was the first to employ the word reflex in connection with sensory-motor functions.

______ discovered a gap between nerve cells and theorized that neural transmission proceeds from the synapse to the axon of a nerve cell.

The author of Leviathan was

Phrenology was a ""productive false start"" in each of the following ways EXCEPT