Question 1

Dewey says that the life of the intellect is

Accepted Answer

A)  worth more than all the actions about which we usually busy ourselves. 
B)  basically one of problem solving. 
C)  devoted to finding the eternal truths. 
D)  an end unto itself. 
A)  worth more than all the actions about which we usually busy ourselves. 
B)  basically one of problem solving. 
C)  devoted to finding the eternal truths. 
D)  an end unto itself. B

Question 2

Peirce recommends the method of science for "fixing" belief because it

Accepted Answer

A)  is more likely than other methods to get us true beliefs. 
B)  is the only way we can get certainty about the nature of reality. 
C)  is more precise than the others. 
D)  attempts to improve our beliefs by testing them against something independent of ourselves. 
A)  is more likely than other methods to get us true beliefs. 
B)  is the only way we can get certainty about the nature of reality. 
C)  is more precise than the others. 
D)  attempts to improve our beliefs by testing them against something independent of ourselves. D

Question 3

Dewey offers us a naturalistic perspective in philosophy. By this he means:

Accepted Answer

A)  Human nature is unique in the world, and we have to study it to understand ourselves. 
B)  Physics, the basic science of nature, gives us the only true picture of things. 
C)  We are not spectators of the world, but involved participants in it. 
D)  Values are naturally different from and opposed to facts. 
A)  Human nature is unique in the world, and we have to study it to understand ourselves. 
B)  Physics, the basic science of nature, gives us the only true picture of things. 
C)  We are not spectators of the world, but involved participants in it. 
D)  Values are naturally different from and opposed to facts. C

Question 4

Compare the representational theory of knowledge with a pragmatic interactivist view.

Accepted Answer

The representational theory of knowledge

Question 5

What method does Peirce recommend for settling opinion? Why?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What method does Peirce recommend for settling...

Question 6

How does Peirce understand truth and reality?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How does Peirce understand truth and reality?...

Question 7

Sketch Dewey's value theory, bringing in the notions of ends and means, truth, liking, and the uses of intelligence.

Accepted Answer

Dewey's value theory is based on the ide

Question 8

How do Peirce's "clear ideas" differ from Descartes' "clear and distinct ideas"?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How do Peirce's "clear ideas" differ from...

Question 9

What does Dewey say is the impact Darwin made on philosophy?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What does Dewey say is the impact...

Question 10

Descartes sets himself to build up knowledge on a foundation of absolute certainty by doubting everything until he finds something he cannot doubt. Discuss this project from the point of view of C. S. Peirce. Does knowledge have such a foundation? Does it need one?

Accepted Answer

C.S. Peirce, a prominent American philos

Question 11

As Peirce understands truth, it involves

Accepted Answer

A)  noting the correspondence between what we say and what is real. 
B)  finding out what is real and then matching our beliefs to that. 
C)  a community of inquirers. 
D)  the absolute certainty of knowledge. 
A)  noting the correspondence between what we say and what is real. 
B)  finding out what is real and then matching our beliefs to that. 
C)  a community of inquirers. 
D)  the absolute certainty of knowledge.

Question 12

With respect to Descartes' procedure of methodical doubt, Peirce says,

Accepted Answer

A)  you can't really do that. 
B)  it's a good way to get the deck cleared for some serious intellectual work. 
C)  you don't need it to get to Constantinople and back. 
D)  it's a good mental exercise and prevents dogmatism and superstition. 
A)  you can't really do that. 
B)  it's a good way to get the deck cleared for some serious intellectual work. 
C)  you don't need it to get to Constantinople and back. 
D)  it's a good mental exercise and prevents dogmatism and superstition.

Question 13

According to Dewey, values are

Accepted Answer

A)  subject to appraisal by scientific methods. 
B)  not subject to appraisal by scientific methods. 
C)  purely subjective and individual, so that we all have our own values. 
D)  things we just like. 
A)  subject to appraisal by scientific methods. 
B)  not subject to appraisal by scientific methods. 
C)  purely subjective and individual, so that we all have our own values. 
D)  things we just like.

Question 14

How does Dewey think means and ends should be related?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How does Dewey think means and ends...

Question 15

Dewey says that value originates in likings, but liking something doesn't mean it is valuable. Explain.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Dewey says that value originates in likings,...

Question 16

Problem solving, Dewey says, is the heart of intelligence. How does he understand that process?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Problem solving, Dewey says, is the heart...

Question 17

Dewey's instrumentalism means that

Accepted Answer

A)  the instruments science uses are necessary to get the results it aims at. 
B)  ideas are tools in the service of practical ends. 
C)  actions are means to ends. 
D)  we may use other people as instruments to gain the satisfaction of our own desires only with their consent. 
A)  the instruments science uses are necessary to get the results it aims at. 
B)  ideas are tools in the service of practical ends. 
C)  actions are means to ends. 
D)  we may use other people as instruments to gain the satisfaction of our own desires only with their consent.

Question 18

What is Peirce's critique of Descartes' project of methodical doubt?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is Peirce's critique of Descartes' project...

Question 19

What does Peirce have to say about Descartes' quest for certainty in knowledge?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What does Peirce have to say about...

Question 20

In Peirce's theory of meaning,

Accepted Answer

A)  signs always have a triadic structure. 
B)  indexes are conventional signs. 
C)  pragmatics deals with the word-world relationship. 
D)  each sign must have a meaning independent of the meaning of every other sign, lest an infinite regress ensue. 
A)  signs always have a triadic structure. 
B)  indexes are conventional signs. 
C)  pragmatics deals with the word-world relationship. 
D)  each sign must have a meaning independent of the meaning of every other sign, lest an infinite regress ensue.

Exam 24: Friedrich Nietzsche: The Value of Existence

Dewey says that the life of the intellect is

Peirce recommends the method of science for "fixing" belief because it

Dewey offers us a naturalistic perspective in philosophy. By this he means:

Compare the representational theory of knowledge with a pragmatic interactivist view.

What method does Peirce recommend for settling opinion? Why?

How does Peirce understand truth and reality?

Sketch Dewey's value theory, bringing in the notions of ends and means, truth, liking, and the uses of intelligence.

How do Peirce's "clear ideas" differ from Descartes' "clear and distinct ideas"?

What does Dewey say is the impact Darwin made on philosophy?

Descartes sets himself to build up knowledge on a foundation of absolute certainty by doubting everything until he finds something he cannot doubt. Discuss this project from the point of view of C. S. Peirce. Does knowledge have such a foundation? Does it need one?

As Peirce understands truth, it involves

With respect to Descartes' procedure of methodical doubt, Peirce says,

According to Dewey, values are

How does Dewey think means and ends should be related?

Dewey says that value originates in likings, but liking something doesn't mean it is valuable. Explain.

Problem solving, Dewey says, is the heart of intelligence. How does he understand that process?

Dewey's instrumentalism means that

What is Peirce's critique of Descartes' project of methodical doubt?

What does Peirce have to say about Descartes' quest for certainty in knowledge?

In Peirce's theory of meaning,

Before Philosophy: Myth in Hesiod and Homer

Philosophy Before Socrates

Appearance and Reality in Ancient India

The Sophists: Rhetoric and Relativism in Athens

Reason and Relativism in China

Socrates: to Know Oneself

The Trial and Death of Socrates

Plato: Knowing the Real and the Good

Aristotle: The Reality of the World

Confucius, Mencius, and Xunzi: Virtue in Ancient China

Epicureans, Stoics, and Skeptics: Happiness for the Many

Jews and Christians: Sin, Salvation, and Love

Augustine: God and the Soul

Philosophy in the Islamic World: The Great Conversation Spreads Out

Anselm and Aquinas: Existence and Essence in God and the World

From Medieval to Modern Europe

René Descartes: Doubting Our Way to Certainty

Hobbes, Locke, and Berkeley: Materialism and the Beginnings of Empiricism

David Hume: Unmasking the Pretensions of Reason

Immanuel Kant: Rehabilitating Reason Within Strict Limits

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel: Taking History Seriously

Kierkegaard and Marx: Two Ways to Correct Hegel

Moral and Political Reformers: The Happiness of All, Including Women

The Pragmatists: Thought and Action

Ludwig Wittgenstein: Linguistic Analysis and Ordinary Language

Martin Heidegger: The Meaning of Being

Simone De Beauvoir: Existentialist, Feminist

Postmodernism: Derrida, Foucault, and Rorty

Physical Realism and the Mind: Quine, Denne

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