Question 1

The theoretical term for muscle fatigue caused by continuously making a response is called:

Accepted Answer

A) work inhibition 
B) fatigue inhibition 
C) reactive inhibition 
D) conditioned inhibition 
A) work inhibition 
B) fatigue inhibition 
C) reactive inhibition 
D) conditioned inhibition C

Question 2

The stimuli uniquely associated with a specific need are called:

Accepted Answer

A) drive stimuli 
B) psychogenic needs 
C) biological needs 
D) stimulus traces 
A) drive stimuli 
B) psychogenic needs 
C) biological needs 
D) stimulus traces A

Question 3

Hull's formulation of the laws of learning is called a _____theory.

Accepted Answer

A) stimulus-stimulus 
B) psychogenic 
C) cross-sectional 
D) hypothetical-deductive 
A) stimulus-stimulus 
B) psychogenic 
C) cross-sectional 
D) hypothetical-deductive D

Question 4

The "frustration effect" refers to the fact that:

Accepted Answer

A) animals are more vigorous following nonreinforcement 
B) animals are less vigorous following nonreinforcement 
C) creativity is inhibited by frustration 
D) creativity is facilitated by frustration 
A) animals are more vigorous following nonreinforcement 
B) animals are less vigorous following nonreinforcement 
C) creativity is inhibited by frustration 
D) creativity is facilitated by frustration

Question 5

Application of instrumental learning principles to conditioning of autonomic responses such as heart rate, blood pressure, or skin temperature

Accepted Answer

A) is empirically impossible 
B) is called visceral conditioning 
C) has not been demonstrated in humans 
D) has not been demonstrated in nonhumans 
A) is empirically impossible 
B) is called visceral conditioning 
C) has not been demonstrated in humans 
D) has not been demonstrated in nonhumans

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the Crespi effect?

Accepted Answer

A) the greater the magnitude of a stimulus, the greater the probability of a learned response 
B) performance is related to the size of the incentive 
C) performance is better under distributed practice than it is under massed practice 
D) an animal will always choose the shortest possible route to a goal 
A) the greater the magnitude of a stimulus, the greater the probability of a learned response 
B) performance is related to the size of the incentive 
C) performance is better under distributed practice than it is under massed practice 
D) an animal will always choose the shortest possible route to a goal

Question 7

Reaction potential equals:

Accepted Answer

A) S x s 
B) 1 - 10-.0305N 
C) SHR x D 
D) XHR x D + IR  
A) S x s 
B) 1 - 10-.0305N 
C) SHR x D 
D) XHR x D + IR

Question 8

The learned tendency not to respond is called:

Accepted Answer

A) acquired inhibition 
B) conditioned inhibition 
C) permanent inhibition 
D) facilitated inhibition 
A) acquired inhibition 
B) conditioned inhibition 
C) permanent inhibition 
D) facilitated inhibition

Question 9

Fractional antedating goal responses (rG-sG) are:

Accepted Answer

A) learned 
B) instinctive 
C) homeostatic 
D) all of the above 
A) learned 
B) instinctive 
C) homeostatic 
D) all of the above

Question 10

If one arm of a T-maze is tilted upward at 30 degrees, then more effort is required to reach the goal.Therefore:

Accepted Answer

A) habit strength would be greater 
B) reactive inhibition would be greater 
C) reaction potential would be greater 
D) reaction threshold would be greater 
A) habit strength would be greater 
B) reactive inhibition would be greater 
C) reaction potential would be greater 
D) reaction threshold would be greater

Question 11

The improvement of performance following the cessation of practice is called:

Accepted Answer

A) conditioned inhibition 
B) the oscillation effect 
C) the reminiscence effect 
D) generalized habit strength 
A) conditioned inhibition 
B) the oscillation effect 
C) the reminiscence effect 
D) generalized habit strength

Question 12

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A) reinforcers in the early stages of learning cause greater increases in habit strength than do later reinforcers 
B) later reinforcers are more influential than earlier reinforcers 
C) reinforcers have the same effect on habit strength at any stage of learning 
D) reinforcers do not affect habit strength, they affect only performance 
A) reinforcers in the early stages of learning cause greater increases in habit strength than do later reinforcers 
B) later reinforcers are more influential than earlier reinforcers 
C) reinforcers have the same effect on habit strength at any stage of learning 
D) reinforcers do not affect habit strength, they affect only performance

Question 13

According to Spence, the greater the value of K, the greater is:

Accepted Answer

A) drive reduction 
B) the conflict between a positive and negative stimulus 
C) the expectation of reinforcement 
D) the inhibition associated with a learned response 
A) drive reduction 
B) the conflict between a positive and negative stimulus 
C) the expectation of reinforcement 
D) the inhibition associated with a learned response

Question 14

A biological deficiency produces:

Accepted Answer

A) arousal stimuli 
B) drive 
C) stomach contractions 
D) cortical inhibition 
A) arousal stimuli 
B) drive 
C) stomach contractions 
D) cortical inhibition

Question 15

Hull concluded in 1952 that the size of a reinforcer (K) influenced:

Accepted Answer

A) learning 
B) performance 
C) recall 
D) none of the above 
A) learning 
B) performance 
C) recall 
D) none of the above

Question 16

A reinforcer, according to Hull, is:

Accepted Answer

A) drive reduction 
B) anything that reduces a drive or drive stimuli 
C) a satisfying state of affairs 
D) none of the above 
A) drive reduction 
B) anything that reduces a drive or drive stimuli 
C) a satisfying state of affairs 
D) none of the above

Question 17

K symbolizes:

Accepted Answer

A) reactive inhibition 
B) incentive motivation 
C) stimulus intensity 
D) response inhibition 
A) reactive inhibition 
B) incentive motivation 
C) stimulus intensity 
D) response inhibition

Question 18

According to Hull, in order to elicit a learned response:

Accepted Answer

A) drive needs to be present 
B) there must be some habit strength 
C) both drive and habit strength are needed 
D) neither drive nor habit strength are needed 
A) drive needs to be present 
B) there must be some habit strength 
C) both drive and habit strength are needed 
D) neither drive nor habit strength are needed

Question 19

Hull's equation for momentary effective reaction potential (SER) suggests that, other things being equal, if incentive motivation (K) increases, then SER:

Accepted Answer

A) increases 
B) decreases 
C) remains the same 
D) none of the above 
A) increases 
B) decreases 
C) remains the same 
D) none of the above

Question 20

IR symbolizes:

Accepted Answer

A) incentive motivation 
B) conditioned inhibition 
C) reactive inhibition 
D) latency 
A) incentive motivation 
B) conditioned inhibition 
C) reactive inhibition 
D) latency

The theoretical term for muscle fatigue caused by continuously making a response is called:

The stimuli uniquely associated with a specific need are called:

Hull's formulation of the laws of learning is called a _____theory.

The "frustration effect" refers to the fact that:

Application of instrumental learning principles to conditioning of autonomic responses such as heart rate, blood pressure, or skin temperature

Which of the following best describes the Crespi effect?

Reaction potential equals:

The learned tendency not to respond is called:

Fractional antedating goal responses (r_G-s_G) are:

If one arm of a T-maze is tilted upward at 30 degrees, then more effort is required to reach the goal.Therefore:

The improvement of performance following the cessation of practice is called:

Which of the following statements is true?

According to Spence, the greater the value of K, the greater is:

A biological deficiency produces:

Hull concluded in 1952 that the size of a reinforcer (K) influenced:

A reinforcer, according to Hull, is:

K symbolizes:

According to Hull, in order to elicit a learned response:

Hull's equation for momentary effective reaction potential (_SE_R) suggests that, other things being equal, if incentive motivation (K) increases, then _SE_R:

I_R symbolizes:

What Is Learning?

Approaches to the Study of Learning

Early Notions About Learning

Edward Lee Thorndike

Burrhus Frederic Skinner

Ivan Petrovich Pavlov

Edwin Ray Guthrie

William Kaye Estes

Gestalt Theory

Jean Piaget

Edward Chace Tolman

Albert Bandura

Donald Olding Hebb

Robert C. Bolles and Evolutionary Psychology

A Final Word

Filters

Exam 6: Clark Leonard Hull

The theoretical term for muscle fatigue caused by continuously making a response is called:

The stimuli uniquely associated with a specific need are called:

Hull's formulation of the laws of learning is called a _____theory.

The "frustration effect" refers to the fact that:

Application of instrumental learning principles to conditioning of autonomic responses such as heart rate, blood pressure, or skin temperature

Which of the following best describes the Crespi effect?

Reaction potential equals:

The learned tendency not to respond is called:

Fractional antedating goal responses (rG-sG) are:

If one arm of a T-maze is tilted upward at 30 degrees, then more effort is required to reach the goal.Therefore:

The improvement of performance following the cessation of practice is called:

Which of the following statements is true?

According to Spence, the greater the value of K, the greater is:

A biological deficiency produces:

Hull concluded in 1952 that the size of a reinforcer (K) influenced:

A reinforcer, according to Hull, is:

K symbolizes:

According to Hull, in order to elicit a learned response:

Hull's equation for momentary effective reaction potential (SER) suggests that, other things being equal, if incentive motivation (K) increases, then SER:

IR symbolizes:

What Is Learning?

Approaches to the Study of Learning

Early Notions About Learning

Edward Lee Thorndike

Burrhus Frederic Skinner

Ivan Petrovich Pavlov

Edwin Ray Guthrie

William Kaye Estes

Gestalt Theory

Jean Piaget

Edward Chace Tolman

Albert Bandura

Donald Olding Hebb

Robert C. Bolles and Evolutionary Psychology

A Final Word

Filters

Fractional antedating goal responses (r_G-s_G) are:

Hull's equation for momentary effective reaction potential (_SE_R) suggests that, other things being equal, if incentive motivation (K) increases, then _SE_R:

I_R symbolizes: