Question 1

According to Wertheimer, which of the following underlies effective problem solving?

Accepted Answer

A) rote memorization 
B) logic 
C) behavioristic principles 
D) none of the above 
A) rote memorization 
B) logic 
C) behavioristic principles 
D) none of the above D

Question 2

According to Gestalt theory, learning is:

Accepted Answer

A) incremental 
B) due mainly to the rewarding of overt responses 
C) insightful 
D) all of the above 
A) incremental 
B) due mainly to the rewarding of overt responses 
C) insightful 
D) all of the above C

Question 3

Learning according to the Gestalt point of view:

Accepted Answer

A) depends on a good, Gestalt-trained teacher 
B) depends on active thinking by the learner 
C) is controlled by environmental contingencies 
D) requires both drive induction and reduction 
A) depends on a good, Gestalt-trained teacher 
B) depends on active thinking by the learner 
C) is controlled by environmental contingencies 
D) requires both drive induction and reduction B

Question 4

"Psychological organization will always be as good as the controlling circumstances allow" is a description of:

Accepted Answer

A) the law of perceptual simplicity 
B) the law of Prägnanz 
C) the principle of constancies 
D) isomorphism 
A) the law of perceptual simplicity 
B) the law of Prägnanz 
C) the principle of constancies 
D) isomorphism

Question 5

Spence's explanation of transposition relied heavily on which of the following concepts?

Accepted Answer

A) insightful learning 
B) the Law of Prägnanz 
C) generalization 
D) cognitive disequilibrium 
A) insightful learning 
B) the Law of Prägnanz 
C) generalization 
D) cognitive disequilibrium

Question 6

According to Wertheimer, the best solution to a problem involves seeing the involved in the problem.

Accepted Answer

A) elements 
B) logic 
C) principles 
D) associations 
A) elements 
B) logic 
C) principles 
D) associations

Question 7

Gestalt is a German word meaning:

Accepted Answer

A) configuration 
B) field 
C) feeling 
D) experience 
A) configuration 
B) field 
C) feeling 
D) experience

Question 8

According to the Gestaltists, the melody emanating from an orchestra has a(n) which is something different from the various notes being played by the various musicians.

Accepted Answer

A) Gestalt 
B) pleasantness 
C) isomorphism 
D) transposition 
A) Gestalt 
B) pleasantness 
C) isomorphism 
D) transposition

Question 9

Which kind of reinforcement did Wertheimer emphasize?

Accepted Answer

A) extrinsic 
B) intrinsic 
C) primary 
D) secondary 
A) extrinsic 
B) intrinsic 
C) primary 
D) secondary

Question 10

Spence's explanation of transposition became more popular than the Gestalt explanation because:

Accepted Answer

A) it was behavioristic and behaviorism was very popular at the time 
B) it accurately predicted the failure of transposition to occur as well as its occurrence 
C) it was less complicated, i.e., more parsimonious 
D) all of the above 
A) it was behavioristic and behaviorism was very popular at the time 
B) it accurately predicted the failure of transposition to occur as well as its occurrence 
C) it was less complicated, i.e., more parsimonious 
D) all of the above

Question 11

Which of the following describes epiphenomenalism?

Accepted Answer

A) the body influences the mind and the mind influences the body 
B) the contents of the mind vary as a function of sensory experience 
C) the activities of the brain correspond dynamically to the content of thought 
D) consciousness occurs independent of sensory experience 
A) the body influences the mind and the mind influences the body 
B) the contents of the mind vary as a function of sensory experience 
C) the activities of the brain correspond dynamically to the content of thought 
D) consciousness occurs independent of sensory experience

Question 12

Which of the following best describes what Wertheimer felt characterizes a true solution to a problem?

Accepted Answer

A) understanding 
B) a correct response 
C) knowing the elements making up a problem 
D) the absence of emotional involvement 
A) understanding 
B) a correct response 
C) knowing the elements making up a problem 
D) the absence of emotional involvement

Question 13

According to the Gestalt theorists, which of the following is most influential in determining what is remembered from an experience?

Accepted Answer

A) the experience itself 
B) the process triggered by the experience 
C) the trace system developed from numerous similar experiences 
D) the memory trace of the experience 
A) the experience itself 
B) the process triggered by the experience 
C) the trace system developed from numerous similar experiences 
D) the memory trace of the experience

Question 14

For Gestalt psychologists, the proper object of study for psychology is:

Accepted Answer

A) overt behavior 
B) habits 
C) unconscious experience 
D) phenomenological experience 
A) overt behavior 
B) habits 
C) unconscious experience 
D) phenomenological experience

Question 15

The law of Prägnanz suggests:

Accepted Answer

A) a tendency toward cognitive completeness and simplicity 
B) the formation of learning sets 
C) a tendency toward disorganization 
D) an increase in isomorphism 
A) a tendency toward cognitive completeness and simplicity 
B) the formation of learning sets 
C) a tendency toward disorganization 
D) an increase in isomorphism

Question 16

The Charles Bonnet syndrome is a condition in which elderly patients

Accepted Answer

A) do not experience closure 
B) experience whole hallucinations in blinded areas of the visual field 
C) no longer see Gestalten 
D) have scotomas 
A) do not experience closure 
B) experience whole hallucinations in blinded areas of the visual field 
C) no longer see Gestalten 
D) have scotomas

Question 17

Gestalt psychologists believed that:

Accepted Answer

A) for every perception there is a corresponding physiological activity in the brain isomorphic to that perception 
B) the brain was a passive receiver and relayer of sensations 
C) the "powers of the mind" are empirically determined 
D) all of the above 
A) for every perception there is a corresponding physiological activity in the brain isomorphic to that perception 
B) the brain was a passive receiver and relayer of sensations 
C) the "powers of the mind" are empirically determined 
D) all of the above

Question 18

The fact that we do not experience loss of vision in our "blind spots" may exemplify:

Accepted Answer

A) Prägnanz 
B) isomorphism 
C) phenomenology 
D) the phi phenomenon 
A) Prägnanz 
B) isomorphism 
C) phenomenology 
D) the phi phenomenon

Question 19

According to Gestalt theorists, the importance of the phi phenomenon was that it:

Accepted Answer

A) had never been experienced before 
B) showed that the whole was equal to the sum of its parts 
C) was different from the elements that caused it 
D) showed that the experience of motion could be reduced to the experience of individual stimuli 
A) had never been experienced before 
B) showed that the whole was equal to the sum of its parts 
C) was different from the elements that caused it 
D) showed that the experience of motion could be reduced to the experience of individual stimuli

Question 20

According to Koffka, all of the inhabitants of a particular city can claim that they all live in the same city only in the sense.

Accepted Answer

A) geographical 
B) behavioral 
C) subjective 
D) psychological 
A) geographical 
B) behavioral 
C) subjective 
D) psychological

According to Wertheimer, which of the following underlies effective problem solving?

According to Gestalt theory, learning is:

Learning according to the Gestalt point of view:

"Psychological organization will always be as good as the controlling circumstances allow" is a description of:

Spence's explanation of transposition relied heavily on which of the following concepts?

According to Wertheimer, the best solution to a problem involves seeing the involved in the problem.

Gestalt is a German word meaning:

According to the Gestaltists, the melody emanating from an orchestra has a(n) which is something different from the various notes being played by the various musicians.

Which kind of reinforcement did Wertheimer emphasize?

Spence's explanation of transposition became more popular than the Gestalt explanation because:

Which of the following describes epiphenomenalism?

Which of the following best describes what Wertheimer felt characterizes a true solution to a problem?

According to the Gestalt theorists, which of the following is most influential in determining what is remembered from an experience?

For Gestalt psychologists, the proper object of study for psychology is:

The law of Prägnanz suggests:

The Charles Bonnet syndrome is a condition in which elderly patients

Gestalt psychologists believed that:

The fact that we do not experience loss of vision in our "blind spots" may exemplify:

According to Gestalt theorists, the importance of the phi phenomenon was that it:

According to Koffka, all of the inhabitants of a particular city can claim that they all live in the same city only in the sense.

What Is Learning?

Approaches to the Study of Learning

Early Notions About Learning

Edward Lee Thorndike

Burrhus Frederic Skinner

Clark Leonard Hull

Ivan Petrovich Pavlov

Edwin Ray Guthrie

William Kaye Estes

Jean Piaget

Edward Chace Tolman

Albert Bandura

Donald Olding Hebb

Robert C. Bolles and Evolutionary Psychology

A Final Word

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Exam 10: Gestalt Theory

According to Wertheimer, which of the following underlies effective problem solving?

According to Gestalt theory, learning is:

Learning according to the Gestalt point of view:

"Psychological organization will always be as good as the controlling circumstances allow" is a description of:

Spence's explanation of transposition relied heavily on which of the following concepts?

According to Wertheimer, the best solution to a problem involves seeing the involved in the problem.

Gestalt is a German word meaning:

According to the Gestaltists, the melody emanating from an orchestra has a(n) which is something different from the various notes being played by the various musicians.

Which kind of reinforcement did Wertheimer emphasize?

Spence's explanation of transposition became more popular than the Gestalt explanation because:

Which of the following describes epiphenomenalism?

Which of the following best describes what Wertheimer felt characterizes a true solution to a problem?

According to the Gestalt theorists, which of the following is most influential in determining what is remembered from an experience?

For Gestalt psychologists, the proper object of study for psychology is:

The law of Prägnanz suggests:

The Charles Bonnet syndrome is a condition in which elderly patients

Gestalt psychologists believed that:

The fact that we do not experience loss of vision in our "blind spots" may exemplify:

According to Gestalt theorists, the importance of the phi phenomenon was that it:

According to Koffka, all of the inhabitants of a particular city can claim that they all live in the same city only in the sense.

What Is Learning?

Approaches to the Study of Learning

Early Notions About Learning

Edward Lee Thorndike

Burrhus Frederic Skinner

Clark Leonard Hull

Ivan Petrovich Pavlov

Edwin Ray Guthrie

William Kaye Estes

Jean Piaget

Edward Chace Tolman

Albert Bandura

Donald Olding Hebb

Robert C. Bolles and Evolutionary Psychology

A Final Word

Filters