Question 1

The most common cause of brain damage in children is closed head injury.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Which of the following best describes the process by which developing axons find their general target areas?​

Accepted Answer

A) completely random growth 
B) ​shape attraction 
C) ​electrical attraction 
D) chemical attraction 
A) completely random growth 
B) ​shape attraction 
C) ​electrical attraction 
D) chemical attraction

Question 3

Any estimate of the heritability of a particular trait is specific to ____.​

Accepted Answer

A) a given population 
B) ​the parents 
C) ​the trait 
D) the strength of the trait 
A) a given population 
B) ​the parents 
C) ​the trait 
D) the strength of the trait

Question 4

Chemicals known as ____ and ____ guide neuron migration.​

Accepted Answer

A) immunoglobulins; sodium 
B) ​glia; neurothrophins 
C) ​immunoglobulins; chemokines 
D) chemokines; neurothrophins 
A) immunoglobulins; sodium 
B) ​glia; neurothrophins 
C) ​immunoglobulins; chemokines 
D) chemokines; neurothrophins

Question 5

If most of the axons that transmit dopamine to some brain area die or become inactive,the remaining dopamine synapses become ____.​

Accepted Answer

A) less responsive 
B) ​less easily stimulated 
C) ​more resistant 
D) more responsive 
A) less responsive 
B) ​less easily stimulated 
C) ​more resistant 
D) more responsive

Question 6

Changes in single genes are called ____.​

Accepted Answer

A) alterations 
B) ​mutations 
C) ​mendelians 
D) enzymes 
A) alterations 
B) ​mutations 
C) ​mendelians 
D) enzymes

Question 7

Proteins called ____ bind DNA into a shape that is more like string wound around a ball.​

Accepted Answer

A) enzymes 
B) ​histones 
C) ​esters 
D) acetyl groups 
A) enzymes 
B) ​histones 
C) ​esters 
D) acetyl groups

Question 8

What is the process called when a primitive neuron begins to develop dendrites and an axon?​

Accepted Answer

A) Differentiation 
B) ​Migration 
C) ​Myelination 
D) Proliferation 
A) Differentiation 
B) ​Migration 
C) ​Myelination 
D) Proliferation

Question 9

An MEG study of professional musicians listening to pure tones showed that professional musicians had ____.​

Accepted Answer

A) brain responses that were twice as strong as non-musicians 
B) ​slightly less brain responses as non-musicians 
C) ​drastically less brain responses as non-musicians 
D) brain responses five times as strong as non-musicians 
A) brain responses that were twice as strong as non-musicians 
B) ​slightly less brain responses as non-musicians 
C) ​drastically less brain responses as non-musicians 
D) brain responses five times as strong as non-musicians

Question 10

Genes become more prevalent in a population if they contribute to reproductive success.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

In general,biologists who speak of sex-linked genes are typically referring to genes on ____.​

Accepted Answer

A) autosomal chromosomes 
B) ​more than one chromosome 
C) ​the X chromosome 
D) the Y chromosome 
A) autosomal chromosomes 
B) ​more than one chromosome 
C) ​the X chromosome 
D) the Y chromosome

Question 12

Define proliferation during neural development.​

Accepted Answer

Proliferation involves the production of

Question 13

Roger Sperry cut a newt's optic nerve and rotated the eye.Axons from what used to be the dorsal part of the retina (now located on the ventral side)grew back to the target areas ____.​

Accepted Answer

A) that ordinarily get input from the dorsal retina 
B) ​that ordinarily get input from the ventral retina 
C) ​that ordinarily get input from the center of the retina 
D) equally and diffusely 
A) that ordinarily get input from the dorsal retina 
B) ​that ordinarily get input from the ventral retina 
C) ​that ordinarily get input from the center of the retina 
D) equally and diffusely

Question 14

Immature neurons experimentally transplanted from one part of the developing cortex to another ____.​

Accepted Answer

A) develop the properties characteristic of their new location 
B) ​maintain the properties of their original location 
C) ​become dysfunctional, with properties of both the original and new locations 
D) die 
A) develop the properties characteristic of their new location 
B) ​maintain the properties of their original location 
C) ​become dysfunctional, with properties of both the original and new locations 
D) die

Question 15

​How is it possible to prevent the intellectual disabilities that are generally associated with PKU?

Accepted Answer

A) through exercise 
B) ​through diet 
C) ​through drugs 
D) through exposure to bright light 
A) through exercise 
B) ​through diet 
C) ​through drugs 
D) through exposure to bright light

Question 16

An axon that does not receive enough neurotrophins from a target cell will ____.​

Accepted Answer

A) branch out and form other synapses on other cells 
B) ​manufacture its own neurotrophins 
C) ​degenerate and die 
D) fail to reabsorb transmitters that have already been released 
A) branch out and form other synapses on other cells 
B) ​manufacture its own neurotrophins 
C) ​degenerate and die 
D) fail to reabsorb transmitters that have already been released

Question 17

Recent evidence suggests that adult vertebrate brains generate new neurons.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The concept that neurons refine their many connections based on which ones are most successful is known as ____.​

Accepted Answer

A) natural selection 
B) ​evolution 
C) ​survival of the fittest 
D) neural Darwinism 
A) natural selection 
B) ​evolution 
C) ​survival of the fittest 
D) neural Darwinism

Question 19

For natural selection to generate evolutionary change in a population ____.​

Accepted Answer

A) there need not be any differences in the traits of individuals in that population 
B) ​the change in gene frequencies must help the species in the long run 
C) ​the differences must have a hereditary basis 
D) the change in gene frequencies will probably be harmful to the species 
A) there need not be any differences in the traits of individuals in that population 
B) ​the change in gene frequencies must help the species in the long run 
C) ​the differences must have a hereditary basis 
D) the change in gene frequencies will probably be harmful to the species

Question 20

Which of the following best characterizes how axons arrive at the correct target cells?​

Accepted Answer

A) They follow electrical gradients. 
B) ​They follow chemical gradients from the target cell. 
C) ​Axons send out chemicals to the target cells. 
D) Target cells send out branches for the axons to follow. 
A) They follow electrical gradients. 
B) ​They follow chemical gradients from the target cell. 
C) ​Axons send out chemicals to the target cells. 
D) Target cells send out branches for the axons to follow.

The most common cause of brain damage in children is closed head injury.

Which of the following best describes the process by which developing axons find their general target areas?

Any estimate of the heritability of a particular trait is specific to ____.

Chemicals known as and guide neuron migration.

If most of the axons that transmit dopamine to some brain area die or become inactive,the remaining dopamine synapses become ____.

Changes in single genes are called ____.

Proteins called ____ bind DNA into a shape that is more like string wound around a ball.

What is the process called when a primitive neuron begins to develop dendrites and an axon?

An MEG study of professional musicians listening to pure tones showed that professional musicians had ____.

Genes become more prevalent in a population if they contribute to reproductive success.

In general,biologists who speak of sex-linked genes are typically referring to genes on ____.

Define proliferation during neural development.

Roger Sperry cut a newt's optic nerve and rotated the eye.Axons from what used to be the dorsal part of the retina (now located on the ventral side)grew back to the target areas ____.

Immature neurons experimentally transplanted from one part of the developing cortex to another ____.

How is it possible to prevent the intellectual disabilities that are generally associated with PKU?

An axon that does not receive enough neurotrophins from a target cell will ____.

Recent evidence suggests that adult vertebrate brains generate new neurons.

The concept that neurons refine their many connections based on which ones are most successful is known as ____.

For natural selection to generate evolutionary change in a population ____.

Which of the following best characterizes how axons arrive at the correct target cells?

Nerve Cells and Nerve Impulses

Synapses

Anatomy and Research Methods

Vision

Other Sensory Systems

Movement

Wakefulness and Sleep

Internal Regulation

Reproductive Behaviors

Emotional Behaviors

The Biology of Learning and Memory

Cognitive Functions

Psychological Disorders

Appendix A: Brief, basic Chemistry

Filters

Exam 4: Genetics, evolution, development, and Plasticity

The most common cause of brain damage in children is closed head injury.​

Which of the following best describes the process by which developing axons find their general target areas?​

Any estimate of the heritability of a particular trait is specific to ____.​

Chemicals known as ____ and ____ guide neuron migration.​

If most of the axons that transmit dopamine to some brain area die or become inactive,the remaining dopamine synapses become ____.​

Changes in single genes are called ____.​

Proteins called ____ bind DNA into a shape that is more like string wound around a ball.​

What is the process called when a primitive neuron begins to develop dendrites and an axon?​

An MEG study of professional musicians listening to pure tones showed that professional musicians had ____.​

Genes become more prevalent in a population if they contribute to reproductive success.​

In general,biologists who speak of sex-linked genes are typically referring to genes on ____.​

Define proliferation during neural development.​

Roger Sperry cut a newt's optic nerve and rotated the eye.Axons from what used to be the dorsal part of the retina (now located on the ventral side)grew back to the target areas ____.​

Immature neurons experimentally transplanted from one part of the developing cortex to another ____.​

​How is it possible to prevent the intellectual disabilities that are generally associated with PKU?

An axon that does not receive enough neurotrophins from a target cell will ____.​

Recent evidence suggests that adult vertebrate brains generate new neurons.​

The concept that neurons refine their many connections based on which ones are most successful is known as ____.​

For natural selection to generate evolutionary change in a population ____.​

Which of the following best characterizes how axons arrive at the correct target cells?​

Nerve Cells and Nerve Impulses

Synapses

Anatomy and Research Methods

Vision

Other Sensory Systems

Movement

Wakefulness and Sleep

Internal Regulation

Reproductive Behaviors

Emotional Behaviors

The Biology of Learning and Memory

Cognitive Functions

Psychological Disorders

Appendix A: Brief, basic Chemistry

Filters

The most common cause of brain damage in children is closed head injury.

Which of the following best describes the process by which developing axons find their general target areas?

Any estimate of the heritability of a particular trait is specific to ____.

Chemicals known as and guide neuron migration.

If most of the axons that transmit dopamine to some brain area die or become inactive,the remaining dopamine synapses become ____.

Changes in single genes are called ____.

Proteins called ____ bind DNA into a shape that is more like string wound around a ball.

What is the process called when a primitive neuron begins to develop dendrites and an axon?

An MEG study of professional musicians listening to pure tones showed that professional musicians had ____.

Genes become more prevalent in a population if they contribute to reproductive success.

In general,biologists who speak of sex-linked genes are typically referring to genes on ____.

Define proliferation during neural development.

Roger Sperry cut a newt's optic nerve and rotated the eye.Axons from what used to be the dorsal part of the retina (now located on the ventral side)grew back to the target areas ____.

Immature neurons experimentally transplanted from one part of the developing cortex to another ____.

How is it possible to prevent the intellectual disabilities that are generally associated with PKU?

An axon that does not receive enough neurotrophins from a target cell will ____.

Recent evidence suggests that adult vertebrate brains generate new neurons.

The concept that neurons refine their many connections based on which ones are most successful is known as ____.

For natural selection to generate evolutionary change in a population ____.

Which of the following best characterizes how axons arrive at the correct target cells?