Question 1

Self-report measures are said to be reliable when

Accepted Answer

A)  the tests measure the abilities they claim to measure. 
B)  the results are reasonably consistent from one time to another. 
C)  the sample size is very large. 
D)  the researcher who has developed the measure is highly qualified. 
A)  the tests measure the abilities they claim to measure. 
B)  the results are reasonably consistent from one time to another. 
C)  the sample size is very large. 
D)  the researcher who has developed the measure is highly qualified. B

Question 2

The change from a nonverbal child to one who understands words and can communicate verbally is a qualitative change.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

Maturation refers to differences among children in characteristics, influences, or developmental outcomes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 4

________ is a specific time during development when a given event, or its absence, has the greatest impact.

Accepted Answer

A)  A behavioral cusp 
B)  A nonnormative period 
C)  A critical period 
D)  The zone of proximal development 
A)  A behavioral cusp 
B)  A nonnormative period 
C)  A critical period 
D)  The zone of proximal development

Question 5

In operant conditioning, ________ is the process by which a behavior is weakened, decreasing the likelihood of repetition.

Accepted Answer

A)  conservation 
B)  adaptation 
C)  punishment 
D)  centration 
A)  conservation 
B)  adaptation 
C)  punishment 
D)  centration

Question 6

Identify a true statement about the mechanistic model of development.

Accepted Answer

A)  This model holds that children do not just react; they initiate events. 
B)  This model views development as passive. 
C)  This model endorses discontinuous change. 
D)  This model holds that the driving force for change is internal. 
A)  This model holds that children do not just react; they initiate events. 
B)  This model views development as passive. 
C)  This model endorses discontinuous change. 
D)  This model holds that the driving force for change is internal.

Question 7

Which of the following is true of Lev Vygotsky's sociocultural theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cognitive development occurs in four qualitative stages. 
B)  Adaptation occurs through assimilation and accommodation. 
C)  Cognitive growth is a collaborative process. 
D)  Cognitive development is independent of social and cultural processes. 
A)  Cognitive development occurs in four qualitative stages. 
B)  Adaptation occurs through assimilation and accommodation. 
C)  Cognitive growth is a collaborative process. 
D)  Cognitive development is independent of social and cultural processes.

Question 8

Which of the following is true of the learning perspective on human development?

Accepted Answer

A)  It focuses on the lasting effects of childhood experiences and unconscious drives and motivations. 
B)  It holds that the mind is a tabula rasa, a blank slate upon which experience could write. 
C)  It states that people can access cognitive processes, even though they are internal. 
D)  It holds that an individual is not a separate entity interacting with the environment but an inseparable part of it. 
A)  It focuses on the lasting effects of childhood experiences and unconscious drives and motivations. 
B)  It holds that the mind is a tabula rasa, a blank slate upon which experience could write. 
C)  It states that people can access cognitive processes, even though they are internal. 
D)  It holds that an individual is not a separate entity interacting with the environment but an inseparable part of it.

Question 9

________ is defined as inborn traits or characteristics inherited from a child's biological parents.

Accepted Answer

A)  Heredity 
B)  Heritability 
C)  Eugenics 
D)  Ethnicity 
A)  Heredity 
B)  Heritability 
C)  Eugenics 
D)  Ethnicity

Question 10

Identify a true statement about Jean Piaget's cognitive-stage theory.

Accepted Answer

A)  It holds that people learn about the world by reacting to aspects of their environment that they find pleasing. 
B)  It states that children learn appropriate social behavior chiefly by observing and imitating models. 
C)  It maintains that children come equipped with a few basic capacities that allow them to begin learning. 
D)  It proposes that development occurs through interaction between a developing person and the surrounding contextual systems. 
A)  It holds that people learn about the world by reacting to aspects of their environment that they find pleasing. 
B)  It states that children learn appropriate social behavior chiefly by observing and imitating models. 
C)  It maintains that children come equipped with a few basic capacities that allow them to begin learning. 
D)  It proposes that development occurs through interaction between a developing person and the surrounding contextual systems.

Question 11

Which of the following is an example of a normative history-graded influence?

Accepted Answer

A)  Rachel experiences menopause at the age of 45. 
B)  Caroline, who is part of the baby boomer generation, is independent and self-assured like the other members of her generation. 
C)  Jessica lost her husband to cancer at the age of 27. 
D)  Emily, a software developer, decides to quit her job and join an art school to learn painting at the age of 55. 
A)  Rachel experiences menopause at the age of 45. 
B)  Caroline, who is part of the baby boomer generation, is independent and self-assured like the other members of her generation. 
C)  Jessica lost her husband to cancer at the age of 27. 
D)  Emily, a software developer, decides to quit her job and join an art school to learn painting at the age of 55.

Question 12

A team of psychologists collects data for a study by observing preschool teachers' classroom interactions without the knowledge of the teachers. The psychologists do so by observing the teachers through a one-way mirror. In this scenario, which of the following is conducted by the psychologists?

Accepted Answer

A)  laboratory observation 
B)  a case study 
C)  naturalistic observation 
D)  a clinical study 
A)  laboratory observation 
B)  a case study 
C)  naturalistic observation 
D)  a clinical study

Question 13

All the individuals who were middle school students in New York City during the collapse of the World Trade Center shared a common experience at a formative time in their lives. This group of individuals is referred to as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  ethnic group. 
B)  historical generation. 
C)  conjugal group. 
D)  kinship network. 
A)  ethnic group. 
B)  historical generation. 
C)  conjugal group. 
D)  kinship network.

Question 14

Which of the following is true of a natural experiment?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is the most effective method for establishing a cause-and-effect relationship. 
B)  It is conducted in a laboratory. 
C)  It allows random assignment to treatment groups. 
D)  It is actually a correlational study. 
A)  It is the most effective method for establishing a cause-and-effect relationship. 
B)  It is conducted in a laboratory. 
C)  It allows random assignment to treatment groups. 
D)  It is actually a correlational study.

Question 15

Field experiments are controlled studies conducted in an everyday setting, such as the home or school.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

In the context of influences on development, normative influences are

Accepted Answer

A)  events that affect many or most people in a society in similar ways. 
B)  information that shapes the accumulated perceptions of the self. 
C)  acquired interpretive perceptions stored in long-term memory. 
D)  temporary support provided to help a child master a task. 
A)  events that affect many or most people in a society in similar ways. 
B)  information that shapes the accumulated perceptions of the self. 
C)  acquired interpretive perceptions stored in long-term memory. 
D)  temporary support provided to help a child master a task.

Question 17

Dylan, a psychology professor, conducted a study on the impact of bullying on the self-image of 5-year-old children. He assessed their self-image twice a year for the next 5 years. Which of the following developmental research designs did he conduct?

Accepted Answer

A)  a cross-sectional study 
B)  a longitudinal study 
C)  a sequential study 
D)  a correlational study 
A)  a cross-sectional study 
B)  a longitudinal study 
C)  a sequential study 
D)  a correlational study

Question 18

During ________, thinking is somewhat egocentric but understanding of other people's perspectives grows.

Accepted Answer

A)  toddlerhood 
B)  early childhood 
C)  the prenatal period 
D)  adolescence 
A)  toddlerhood 
B)  early childhood 
C)  the prenatal period 
D)  adolescence

Question 19

How do socioeconomic status and neighborhood impact children?

Accepted Answer

A family's socioeconomic status (SES) is

Question 20

Which of the following is true of qualitative research?

Accepted Answer

A)  Qualitative research on human development is primarily based on the scientific method. 
B)  It deals with objectively measurable numerical data that can answer questions such as "how much?" or "how many?" and that is amenable to statistical analysis. 
C)  The goal of qualitative research is to generate hypotheses from previous research. 
D)  It commonly involves verbal or pictorial descriptions of participants' subjective understanding, feelings, or beliefs about their experiences. 
A)  Qualitative research on human development is primarily based on the scientific method. 
B)  It deals with objectively measurable numerical data that can answer questions such as "how much?" or "how many?" and that is amenable to statistical analysis. 
C)  The goal of qualitative research is to generate hypotheses from previous research. 
D)  It commonly involves verbal or pictorial descriptions of participants' subjective understanding, feelings, or beliefs about their experiences.

Self-report measures are said to be reliable when

The change from a nonverbal child to one who understands words and can communicate verbally is a qualitative change.

Maturation refers to differences among children in characteristics, influences, or developmental outcomes.

________ is a specific time during development when a given event, or its absence, has the greatest impact.

In operant conditioning, ________ is the process by which a behavior is weakened, decreasing the likelihood of repetition.

Identify a true statement about the mechanistic model of development.

Which of the following is true of Lev Vygotsky's sociocultural theory?

Which of the following is true of the learning perspective on human development?

________ is defined as inborn traits or characteristics inherited from a child's biological parents.

Identify a true statement about Jean Piaget's cognitive-stage theory.

Which of the following is an example of a normative history-graded influence?

A team of psychologists collects data for a study by observing preschool teachers' classroom interactions without the knowledge of the teachers. The psychologists do so by observing the teachers through a one-way mirror. In this scenario, which of the following is conducted by the psychologists?

All the individuals who were middle school students in New York City during the collapse of the World Trade Center shared a common experience at a formative time in their lives. This group of individuals is referred to as a(n)

Which of the following is true of a natural experiment?

Field experiments are controlled studies conducted in an everyday setting, such as the home or school.

In the context of influences on development, normative influences are

Dylan, a psychology professor, conducted a study on the impact of bullying on the self-image of 5-year-old children. He assessed their self-image twice a year for the next 5 years. Which of the following developmental research designs did he conduct?

During ________, thinking is somewhat egocentric but understanding of other people's perspectives grows.

How do socioeconomic status and neighborhood impact children?

Which of the following is true of qualitative research?

Conception, Environment, and Heredity

Pregnancy and Prenatal Development

Birth and the Newborn

Physical Development and Health: 0 to 3

Cognitive Development: 0 to 3

Psychosocial Development: 0 to 3

Physical Development and Health in Early Childhood

Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Psychosocial Development in Early Childhood

Physical Development and Health in Middle Childhood

Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Psychosocial Development in Middle Childhood

Physical Development and Health in Adolescence

Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Psychosocial Development in Adolescence

Filters

Exam 1: Introduction to Child Development

Self-report measures are said to be reliable when

The change from a nonverbal child to one who understands words and can communicate verbally is a qualitative change.

Maturation refers to differences among children in characteristics, influences, or developmental outcomes.

________ is a specific time during development when a given event, or its absence, has the greatest impact.

In operant conditioning, ________ is the process by which a behavior is weakened, decreasing the likelihood of repetition.

Identify a true statement about the mechanistic model of development.

Which of the following is true of Lev Vygotsky's sociocultural theory?

Which of the following is true of the learning perspective on human development?

________ is defined as inborn traits or characteristics inherited from a child's biological parents.

Identify a true statement about Jean Piaget's cognitive-stage theory.

Which of the following is an example of a normative history-graded influence?

A team of psychologists collects data for a study by observing preschool teachers' classroom interactions without the knowledge of the teachers. The psychologists do so by observing the teachers through a one-way mirror. In this scenario, which of the following is conducted by the psychologists?

All the individuals who were middle school students in New York City during the collapse of the World Trade Center shared a common experience at a formative time in their lives. This group of individuals is referred to as a(n)

Which of the following is true of a natural experiment?

Field experiments are controlled studies conducted in an everyday setting, such as the home or school.

In the context of influences on development, normative influences are

Dylan, a psychology professor, conducted a study on the impact of bullying on the self-image of 5-year-old children. He assessed their self-image twice a year for the next 5 years. Which of the following developmental research designs did he conduct?

During ________, thinking is somewhat egocentric but understanding of other people's perspectives grows.

How do socioeconomic status and neighborhood impact children?

Which of the following is true of qualitative research?

Conception, Environment, and Heredity

Pregnancy and Prenatal Development

Birth and the Newborn

Physical Development and Health: 0 to 3

Cognitive Development: 0 to 3

Psychosocial Development: 0 to 3

Physical Development and Health in Early Childhood

Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Psychosocial Development in Early Childhood

Physical Development and Health in Middle Childhood

Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Psychosocial Development in Middle Childhood

Physical Development and Health in Adolescence

Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Psychosocial Development in Adolescence

Filters