Exam 5: Learning

What kind of reinforcer is money?

Extinction will be most rapid after a history of ____ reinforcement.

Roxanne loves eating at her favorite restaurant,Peppers.One night,she meets some friends atPeppers and then goes to see the movie Fight Club.Shortly afterwards,she becomes violently ill.After this incident,while Roxanne still enjoys watching Fight Club,she no longer enjoys eating at Peppers.This is an example of ____.

Neural network models predict that the weaker the connection between two items,the ____ in connection strength when they are experienced together.

Whenever your English teacher gives a quiz,he carries the copies of the quiz into the room in a black box,and you react with anticipation.If he walks into the room with any other color box,you know that it is not a quiz and feel no anticipation.This illustrates the concept of stimulus ____.

Lavonne despises"new age" music.So,when Lavonne refuses to clean her room,her mother makes her stay in her room and plays new age music through the intercom.Her mother tells Lavonne that as soon as she finishes cleaning her room,the music will stop.This is an example of ____.

Learned helplessness involves learning that ____.

Benji spends his days in a dog pen.After seeing another dog running around the neighborhood,Benji began to pace.Suddenly,he tips over his dog house,climbs on top of it,and jumps out of the pen.According to Wolfgang Köhler,Benji's performance demonstrates ____.

The association between media violence,including violence on television and aggressive behavior,is often attributed to ____ learning.

Bill and Ben are about to have breakfast.Their mother asks Bill,"What would you like for breakfast?" Bill answers,"I would like some damn porridge." She slaps him,then turns to Ben and asks,"And what would you like?" Ben answers,"I don't really care,as long as it isn't any of that damn porridge!" Ben's misunderstanding highlights the importance of ____.

Jia is a bear trainer at the circus.She wants to teach Barney the bear to ride a unicycle.To do this,Jia first rewards Barney for sitting up.Then she rewards Barney only if he sits on the unicycle seat.Next she rewards him only for sitting on the unicycle seat and raising his paws toward the pedals and so on.By show time,Barney can ride the unicycle.This method is called ____.

Hugo has learned to fear the bell on his phone because every time the phone rings,a prank caller starts shouting at him.He now finds himself fearful of other bells,like bicycle bells and doorbells.Hugo is affected by stimulus ____.

A dog in a classical conditioning experiment salivates to a continuous buzzer but not to a single bell ring.This is an example of ____.

Sniffy,the rat,has been taught to press a bar in a cage to receive food.The behavior disappears,though,when Sniffy stops receiving food following bar-pressing.Several days later,Sniffy is placed in the cage again,and he immediately began to press the bar.The reappearance of this response is called ____.

Winston turns the water off in the shower when he hears someone flush a toilet so he will not get scalded.However,he does not do this when he hears someone turn on the bathroom sink faucet because he knows it will not scald him.This is because of stimulus ____.

While camping,Ben attempts to put up a new tent.He forgot to bring the instructions and is having some trouble.He tries to put it together twice,but some pieces are left over and the tent quickly falls down.Confused,he stands staring at the tent stakes,poles,ropes,and tarps.Then,all of a sudden,through ____,he figures out the problem and sets up the entire tent in five minutes.

After Nadia spills water all over her painting,her first-grade art teacher gives her some candyto make her feel better.The next time art class meets,Nadia promptly and purposefully spills water.The candyhas acted as a(n)____.

Systematic desensitization,which is used to treat phobias,is based on which learning paradigm?

In psychology,learning is best defined as ____.

Mike loves Q-Mart and shops there often.One day,another customer asked Mike if he knows where turkey basters are in the store.Mike immediately gives directions to the exact aisle,even though he has never looked for turkey basters himself.Mike has displayed ____.