Exam 8: The Information-Processing Approach

Which of the following is a strategy that an expert would use?

Mrs. Clarke, a kindergarten teacher, is preparing for the beginning of the school year. She is putting up bright-colored paintings, drawings, and banners on the walls. She also has bright, plastic tablecloths on the tables and bright painted baskets with each student's name on them. Much to her dismay, when the students begin school, she finds it difficult to get them to listen to her. From the perspective of memory, why is Mrs. Clarke having trouble with her students?

Selective attention is the ability to maintain attention to a selected stimulus for a prolonged period of time.

Regardless of his or her field of expertise, an expert has a better memory than a novice when presented with a new and unfamiliar topic.

Analyze the cognitive information-processing approach in relation to learning and cognition.

Mrs. Gaton has been asked to discuss at the next teacher workshop the different strategies that teachers can use to enhance metacogniton in the students. What will Mrs. Gaton discuss?

Which of the following is part of a good study system?

An educational psychologist who studies how children process information through attention, memory, thinking, and other cognitive processes can best be described as following which of these cognitive approaches?

Mr. Farrell wants to increase his students' understanding of the material that they read. He has his students stop reading and ponder what they have read about and its meaningfulness, then he has them self-test to see if they can remember the material, and finally he has them go over the material and evaluate what they know and what they do not know. What is Mr. Farrell using?

Kai dreams of becoming a master pianist in the future, playing for orchestras and concert halls. When his mother reminds him to practice the piano, however, he produces an excuse and says that he'll practice later. Which of the following best describes Kai?

Which of the following is a characteristic of experts?

Discuss the effect of expertise in a particular domain on one's memory of information within that domain. That is, describe how an expert's understanding of information differs from a novice's understanding.

At what age do children begin to understand perceptions, desires, and emotions?

Schema theories state that when we reconstruct information, we fit it into information that already exists in our minds.

Joyce wants her students to better remember the information they read. Thus she decides to encourage them to briefly survey the material to get the overall organization of ideas, have them ask questions of themselves about the material, and tell them to be active readers. What is Joyce using?

Marnie knows she must pass her English course to graduate, so she will not let what all the other students are doing affect her. This is an example of which of the following?

Which of the following children is not attempting to store declarative knowledge in their long-term memory?

Behaviorism and its associative model of learning was a dominant force in psychology until many psychologists acknowledged that they could not explain children's learning without referring to mental processes such as memory and thinking. This shift in perspective occurred during which of the following decades?

Which of the following does not characterize a teacher with adaptive expertise?

Consider the following list of words that is read aloud to student volunteers: Cat, Dog, Hat, Goat, Boat, Boy, Girl, Plane, Sun, Moon. According to the serial position effect, a student displaying primacy will most likely remember which of the following words from this list?