Exam 2: Cognitive and Language Development

Which of the following is an example of a cognitive process that might be studied by an educational psychologist?

At which of the following ages is a typical child most likely to speak his or her first word?

Lori, a 5-year-old in Mrs. Clark's class, doesn't understand how a person can be feeling "blue," and the sky can be the color "blue." Lori is encountering this problem because she does not yet have a clear grasp of which of the following?

Which of the following observations would provide the strongest support that the process of language is biologically based?

Tiny gaps between neurons where connections between neurons are made are called:

Which of the following is an example of splintered development?

The sensorimotor stage, as described by Piaget, includes individuals in which of the following age groups?

Researchers say that the very last part of the brain to develop is responsible for which functions?

Describe how Vygotsky's zone of proximal development relates to teaching children in the classroom.

Compare and contrast Piaget's stages of cognitive development, including the ages of individuals in each stage and a description of the traits that typify each stage.

The cells in the brain responsible for processing information stop dividing early in childhood. Brain development is not influenced by outside experiences or actions.

Bruce is having trouble with his division problems; he can't finish them correctly on his own. However, he can complete them if his teacher gives him some hints. According to Vygotsky, why can't Bruce complete his division problems on his own?

If a child is entering preschool, he or she is in which of the following periods of development?

Mr. Reginald notices that many students in his class encounter problems with language. Most commonly when they say a sentence, the order of the words does not make sense, although the words are used correctly. According to language development, what is Mr. Reginald observing in his students?

Which of the following is an example of a socioemotional process that might be studied by an educational psychologist?

Brianna is completing her reading comprehension questions. Her teacher keeps interrupting her work to check it; however, Brianna performs well on reading comprehension and can do this task without the help of her teacher. According to Vygotsky, is reading comprehension in Brianna's zone of proximal development?

According to both Piaget and Vygotsky, teachers should play the role of facilitator rather than director.

Piaget believed that children construct knowledge by transforming, organizing, and reorganizing previous knowledge.

According to Piaget, this occurs when a child incorporates new knowledge into existing knowledge.

Mr. Castillo gives an assignment to his third-grade class dealing with hypothetical situations. Most of the class does not do well on this assignment. When Mr. Castillo asks them what happened, most of them reply "I did not understand it." Mr. Castillo is frustrated because he thinks these children are lazy and unmotivated. According to Piaget's theory, what is happening?