Question 1

Damage to the hippocampus impaired patient H.M.in what way?​

Accepted Answer

A) He could not form procedural memories. 
B) ​He could not form implicit memories. 
C) ​He could not form new short-term memories. 
D) ​He could not form new long-term memories. 
A) He could not form procedural memories. 
B) ​He could not form implicit memories. 
C) ​He could not form new short-term memories. 
D) ​He could not form new long-term memories. D

Question 2

​Does taking notes improve later memory?

Accepted Answer

A) Yes, always. 
B) ​It might not, if you expect to rely on your notes instead of memory later. 
C) ​It might not, if you write only the main points instead of each detail. 
D) ​It might not, if you review your notes too soon after taking them. 
A) Yes, always. 
B) ​It might not, if you expect to rely on your notes instead of memory later. 
C) ​It might not, if you write only the main points instead of each detail. 
D) ​It might not, if you review your notes too soon after taking them. B

Question 3

Even when results are mostly a matter of luck,leaders get credit for success and blame for failure.This reaction is an example of what?​

Accepted Answer

A) Retrograde amnesia 
B) ​Retroactive interference 
C) ​Hindsight bias 
D) ​Encoding specificity 
A) Retrograde amnesia 
B) ​Retroactive interference 
C) ​Hindsight bias 
D) ​Encoding specificity C

Question 4

In general,how do episodic memories tend to differ from semantic memories?​

Accepted Answer

A) Episodic memories are more likely to remain strong after brain damage. 
B) ​Episodic memories relate more to procedures and skills than to information. 
C) ​Episodic memories are more often useful in everyday life. 
D) ​Episodic memories are more likely to fade over time. 
A) Episodic memories are more likely to remain strong after brain damage. 
B) ​Episodic memories relate more to procedures and skills than to information. 
C) ​Episodic memories are more often useful in everyday life. 
D) ​Episodic memories are more likely to fade over time.

Question 5

​The method of loci is an example of what?

Accepted Answer

A) Procedural memory 
B) ​A mnemonic device 
C) ​The availability heuristic 
D) ​Implicit memory 
A) Procedural memory 
B) ​A mnemonic device 
C) ​The availability heuristic 
D) ​Implicit memory

Question 6

What is meant by the term early childhood amnesia?​

Accepted Answer

A) Inability to form procedural memories during early childhood 
B) ​Inability to form any memories at all during early childhood 
C) ​Tendency to forget episodic memories from early childhood 
D) ​Anterograde amnesia that results from trauma in early childhood 
A) Inability to form procedural memories during early childhood 
B) ​Inability to form any memories at all during early childhood 
C) ​Tendency to forget episodic memories from early childhood 
D) ​Anterograde amnesia that results from trauma in early childhood

Question 7

Which of these is a difference between long-term memory and short-term memory?​

Accepted Answer

A) Long-term memory decays rapidly if it is not rehearsed. 
B) ​Long-term memory deals with skills instead of language. 
C) ​Long-term memory can store much more information. 
D) ​Long-term memory is not subject to proactive interference. 
A) Long-term memory decays rapidly if it is not rehearsed. 
B) ​Long-term memory deals with skills instead of language. 
C) ​Long-term memory can store much more information. 
D) ​Long-term memory is not subject to proactive interference.

Question 8

​Which of the following is an example of proactive interference?

Accepted Answer

A) After staying in eight motel rooms in the last month, you cannot remember your room number in your current motel. 
B) ​After memorizing eight poems in the last month, you cannot remember the first one you learned. 
C) ​After a severe head concussion, you have difficulty studying and remembering new information. 
D) ​When you try to tell a story, you leave out odd details and fill in the gaps with reasonable expectations of what should have happened. 
A) After staying in eight motel rooms in the last month, you cannot remember your room number in your current motel. 
B) ​After memorizing eight poems in the last month, you cannot remember the first one you learned. 
C) ​After a severe head concussion, you have difficulty studying and remembering new information. 
D) ​When you try to tell a story, you leave out odd details and fill in the gaps with reasonable expectations of what should have happened.

Question 9

Suppose two of your grandparents developed Alzheimer's disease.Which of the following would make it most likely that you are also at high risk for the disease?​

Accepted Answer

A) Both of them were your grandfathers. 
B) ​Both of them were your grandmothers. 
C) ​Both of them developed Alzheimer's disease before age 60. 
D) ​Both of them developed Alzheimer's disease after age 60. 
A) Both of them were your grandfathers. 
B) ​Both of them were your grandmothers. 
C) ​Both of them developed Alzheimer's disease before age 60. 
D) ​Both of them developed Alzheimer's disease after age 60.

Question 10

When researchers suggest a memory to someone who had not reported it,what kind of memory (if any)can they get people to report?​

Accepted Answer

A) Only an event that did actually happen 
B) ​Only an event that could easily have happened 
C) ​Sometimes even a very unlikely event 
D) ​No event at all that people hadn't already reported 
A) Only an event that did actually happen 
B) ​Only an event that could easily have happened 
C) ​Sometimes even a very unlikely event 
D) ​No event at all that people hadn't already reported

Question 11

​How long and how well do most students remember a foreign language they studied in college?

Accepted Answer

A) They forget it almost completely within a year or two. 
B) ​They remember it many years later almost as well as on the day of graduation. 
C) ​They forget some of it within the first few years and then it remains fairly stable. 
D) ​They remember it well for the first few years and then it starts fading steadily. 
A) They forget it almost completely within a year or two. 
B) ​They remember it many years later almost as well as on the day of graduation. 
C) ​They forget some of it within the first few years and then it remains fairly stable. 
D) ​They remember it well for the first few years and then it starts fading steadily.

Question 12

What does the research find about the effects of suggesting a memory of a false event?​

Accepted Answer

A) When licensed therapists recover a repressed memory, we should trust the report. 
B) ​If you haven't thought about something in years, you cannot recall it now. 
C) ​Suggestions lead many people to report memories of things that did not happen. 
D) ​We should ignore anyone who reports remembering something previously forgotten. 
A) When licensed therapists recover a repressed memory, we should trust the report. 
B) ​If you haven't thought about something in years, you cannot recall it now. 
C) ​Suggestions lead many people to report memories of things that did not happen. 
D) ​We should ignore anyone who reports remembering something previously forgotten.

Question 13

​Many psychologists doubt that therapists can help people accurately recover repressed memories,because researchers have demonstrated which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) Soon after recovering these memories, people repress them again. 
B) ​Repeated suggestions can implant false memories. 
C) ​The brain destroys all traces of any repressed memory. 
D) ​People can easily recover repressed memories without therapy. 
A) Soon after recovering these memories, people repress them again. 
B) ​Repeated suggestions can implant false memories. 
C) ​The brain destroys all traces of any repressed memory. 
D) ​People can easily recover repressed memories without therapy.

Question 14

The associations you formed when learning something will be the best reminders when you are trying to retrieve it.This statement represents which of the following?​

Accepted Answer

A) The encoding specificity principle 
B) ​The law of effect 
C) ​The representativeness heuristic 
D) ​The recency effect 
A) The encoding specificity principle 
B) ​The law of effect 
C) ​The representativeness heuristic 
D) ​The recency effect

Question 15

​To use the method of loci in memorizing a list of names,what would you do FIRST?

Accepted Answer

A) Repeatedly recite the list of names out loud. 
B) ​Alternate between reading the list and testing your memory of it. 
C) ​Memorize a list of places. 
D) ​Arrange the names in a logical, meaningful order. 
A) Repeatedly recite the list of names out loud. 
B) ​Alternate between reading the list and testing your memory of it. 
C) ​Memorize a list of places. 
D) ​Arrange the names in a logical, meaningful order.

Question 16

What kind of material did Ebbinghaus use in his studies of memory?​

Accepted Answer

A) Recollections from childhood 
B) ​Songs 
C) ​Bible verses 
D) ​Nonsense syllables 
A) Recollections from childhood 
B) ​Songs 
C) ​Bible verses 
D) ​Nonsense syllables

Question 17

What does an implicit test of memory measure?​

Accepted Answer

A) Relative activity of several brain areas 
B) ​Recent experiences that people may not remember consciously 
C) ​Depth of processing 
D) ​People's ability to explain the meaning behind the events they remember 
A) Relative activity of several brain areas 
B) ​Recent experiences that people may not remember consciously 
C) ​Depth of processing 
D) ​People's ability to explain the meaning behind the events they remember

Question 18

According to the depth-of-processing principle,what makes a word easy to remember?​

Accepted Answer

A) Forming many associations to the word 
B) ​Imagining how to spell it at the same time you imagine how it sounds 
C) ​Storing it in the central layers of the cerebral cortex 
D) ​Repeating the word many times 
A) Forming many associations to the word 
B) ​Imagining how to spell it at the same time you imagine how it sounds 
C) ​Storing it in the central layers of the cerebral cortex 
D) ​Repeating the word many times

Question 19

​Which of these is an example of hindsight bias?

Accepted Answer

A) After two people fall in love, they decide it was love at first sight. 
B) ​A married couple say they love each other as much as ever. 
C) ​A married couple say they had more fun when they were newlyweds. 
D) ​A married couple cannot remember their first date. 
A) After two people fall in love, they decide it was love at first sight. 
B) ​A married couple say they love each other as much as ever. 
C) ​A married couple say they had more fun when they were newlyweds. 
D) ​A married couple cannot remember their first date.

Question 20

Which of these statements is an example of hindsight bias?​

Accepted Answer

A) "It was obvious from the start that we were going to win this game." 
B) ​"I wish we had done better in this game." 
C) ​"We played much better last week than we did in this game." 
D) ​"I forget whether we were ahead or behind at the start of this game." 
A) "It was obvious from the start that we were going to win this game." 
B) ​"I wish we had done better in this game." 
C) ​"We played much better last week than we did in this game." 
D) ​"I forget whether we were ahead or behind at the start of this game."

Exam 7: Memory

Damage to the hippocampus impaired patient H.M.in what way?​

​Does taking notes improve later memory?

Even when results are mostly a matter of luck,leaders get credit for success and blame for failure.This reaction is an example of what?​

In general,how do episodic memories tend to differ from semantic memories?​

​The method of loci is an example of what?

What is meant by the term early childhood amnesia?​

Which of these is a difference between long-term memory and short-term memory?​

​Which of the following is an example of proactive interference?

Suppose two of your grandparents developed Alzheimer's disease.Which of the following would make it most likely that you are also at high risk for the disease?​

When researchers suggest a memory to someone who had not reported it,what kind of memory (if any)can they get people to report?​

​How long and how well do most students remember a foreign language they studied in college?

What does the research find about the effects of suggesting a memory of a false event?​

​Many psychologists doubt that therapists can help people accurately recover repressed memories,because researchers have demonstrated which of the following?

The associations you formed when learning something will be the best reminders when you are trying to retrieve it.This statement represents which of the following?​

​To use the method of loci in memorizing a list of names,what would you do FIRST?

What kind of material did Ebbinghaus use in his studies of memory?​

What does an implicit test of memory measure?​

According to the depth-of-processing principle,what makes a word easy to remember?​

​Which of these is an example of hindsight bias?

Which of these statements is an example of hindsight bias?​

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Filters

Damage to the hippocampus impaired patient H.M.in what way?

Does taking notes improve later memory?

Even when results are mostly a matter of luck,leaders get credit for success and blame for failure.This reaction is an example of what?

In general,how do episodic memories tend to differ from semantic memories?

The method of loci is an example of what?

What is meant by the term early childhood amnesia?

Which of these is a difference between long-term memory and short-term memory?

Which of the following is an example of proactive interference?

Suppose two of your grandparents developed Alzheimer's disease.Which of the following would make it most likely that you are also at high risk for the disease?

When researchers suggest a memory to someone who had not reported it,what kind of memory (if any)can they get people to report?

How long and how well do most students remember a foreign language they studied in college?

What does the research find about the effects of suggesting a memory of a false event?

Many psychologists doubt that therapists can help people accurately recover repressed memories,because researchers have demonstrated which of the following?

The associations you formed when learning something will be the best reminders when you are trying to retrieve it.This statement represents which of the following?

To use the method of loci in memorizing a list of names,what would you do FIRST?

What kind of material did Ebbinghaus use in his studies of memory?

What does an implicit test of memory measure?

According to the depth-of-processing principle,what makes a word easy to remember?

Which of these is an example of hindsight bias?

Which of these statements is an example of hindsight bias?