Question 1

Calcium ions are involved in muscle contraction by

Accepted Answer

A)  manufacturing ATP. 
B)  causing the muscle cell to depolarize. 
C)  binding to the troponin-tropomyosin complex and exposing actin. 
D)  repairing the damage done during contraction. 
A)  manufacturing ATP. 
B)  causing the muscle cell to depolarize. 
C)  binding to the troponin-tropomyosin complex and exposing actin. 
D)  repairing the damage done during contraction.

Question 2

The sense of touch

Accepted Answer

A)  is evenly distributed over the surface of the body. 
B)  consists of very few receptor cells in very specific places, like the tips of the fingers. 
C)  is relatively unimportant. 
D)  includes pressure, temperature, and pain receptors. 
A)  is evenly distributed over the surface of the body. 
B)  consists of very few receptor cells in very specific places, like the tips of the fingers. 
C)  is relatively unimportant. 
D)  includes pressure, temperature, and pain receptors.

Question 3

The taste known as sour is caused by

Accepted Answer

A)  the presence of hydrogen ions. 
B)  hot materials. 
C)  sugars. 
D)  any kind of ions. 
A)  the presence of hydrogen ions. 
B)  hot materials. 
C)  sugars. 
D)  any kind of ions.

Question 4

The part of the brain that controls automatic functions such as breathing and heart rate is the

Accepted Answer

A)  cerebrum. 
B)  cerebellum. 
C)  spinal cord. 
D)  medulla oblongata. 
A)  cerebrum. 
B)  cerebellum. 
C)  spinal cord. 
D)  medulla oblongata.

Question 5

A synapse is

Accepted Answer

A)  part of a neuron. 
B)  a space between neurons. 
C)  an enzyme. 
D)  only found in the peripheral nervous system. 
A)  part of a neuron. 
B)  a space between neurons. 
C)  an enzyme. 
D)  only found in the peripheral nervous system.

Question 6

The ____ is not part of the middle ear.

Accepted Answer

A)  incus 
B)  soma 
C)  stapes 
D)  malleus 
A)  incus 
B)  soma 
C)  stapes 
D)  malleus

Question 7

The maintenance of a constant internal environment is

Accepted Answer

A)  positive feedback. 
B)  negative feedback. 
C)  homeostasis. 
D)  positive regulation. 
A)  positive feedback. 
B)  negative feedback. 
C)  homeostasis. 
D)  positive regulation.

Question 8

Muscle contractions are partially regulated by

Accepted Answer

A)  the tympanum. 
B)  triiodothyronine. 
C)  tropomyosin. 
D)  thyroxine. 
A)  the tympanum. 
B)  triiodothyronine. 
C)  tropomyosin. 
D)  thyroxine.

Question 9

In a muscle organ like the biceps muscle,

Accepted Answer

A)  the entire muscle is stimulated at the same time. 
B)  several nerve fibers enter the muscle and each stimulates specific muscle cells. 
C)  several nerve fibers enter the muscle, but each fiber stimulates most of the cells in the muscle. 
D)  there are two or three motor units. 
A)  the entire muscle is stimulated at the same time. 
B)  several nerve fibers enter the muscle and each stimulates specific muscle cells. 
C)  several nerve fibers enter the muscle, but each fiber stimulates most of the cells in the muscle. 
D)  there are two or three motor units.

Question 10

Communication between neurons is achieved by

Accepted Answer

A)  hormones. 
B)  electricity. 
C)  neurotransmitters. 
D)  depolarizing the synapse. 
A)  hormones. 
B)  electricity. 
C)  neurotransmitters. 
D)  depolarizing the synapse.

Question 11

The nerve impulse moves along the neuron because

Accepted Answer

A)  a current flows along the cell. 
B)  sodium ions flow from one end of the cell to the other. 
C)  there is a high concentration of sodium ions at one end of the cell and a high concentration of potassium ions at the other end of the cell. 
D)  depolarization of one portion of the nerve cell membrane changes the permeability of the adjacent portion of the membrane, allowing it to depolarize as well. 
A)  a current flows along the cell. 
B)  sodium ions flow from one end of the cell to the other. 
C)  there is a high concentration of sodium ions at one end of the cell and a high concentration of potassium ions at the other end of the cell. 
D)  depolarization of one portion of the nerve cell membrane changes the permeability of the adjacent portion of the membrane, allowing it to depolarize as well.

Question 12

Which of the following is not involved in the "taste" of food?

Accepted Answer

A)  temperature 
B)  texture 
C)  color 
D)  chemical composition 
A)  temperature 
B)  texture 
C)  color 
D)  chemical composition

Question 13

Depolarization of the nerve cell membrane occurs because

Accepted Answer

A)  sodium is not being pumped out of the cell. 
B)  there is a reverse of polarity due to an increase in the amount of potassium in the cell. 
C)  the permeability of the membrane changes and allows sodium ions to flow into the cell by diffusion. 
D)  sodium ions are actively pumped into the cell. 
A)  sodium is not being pumped out of the cell. 
B)  there is a reverse of polarity due to an increase in the amount of potassium in the cell. 
C)  the permeability of the membrane changes and allows sodium ions to flow into the cell by diffusion. 
D)  sodium ions are actively pumped into the cell.

Question 14

Growth of tissues is typically controlled by

Accepted Answer

A)  the presence of specific hormones. 
B)  frequent stimulation by nerves. 
C)  It is not controlled, it just happens. 
D)  the presence of any kind of hormone molecule. 
A)  the presence of specific hormones. 
B)  frequent stimulation by nerves. 
C)  It is not controlled, it just happens. 
D)  the presence of any kind of hormone molecule.

Question 15

Cardiac muscle

Accepted Answer

A)  does not respond to nervous stimulation. 
B)  contracts slowly when it is stimulated. 
C)  cannot stay contracted. 
D)  is the same as skeletal muscle. 
A)  does not respond to nervous stimulation. 
B)  contracts slowly when it is stimulated. 
C)  cannot stay contracted. 
D)  is the same as skeletal muscle.

Question 16

Smooth muscle

Accepted Answer

A)  can stay contracted for long periods of time. 
B)  responds quickly to nervous stimulation. 
C)  is present in specific parts of the body like the muscles of the back. 
D)  does not respond to hormones. 
A)  can stay contracted for long periods of time. 
B)  responds quickly to nervous stimulation. 
C)  is present in specific parts of the body like the muscles of the back. 
D)  does not respond to hormones.

Question 17

The voltage of 70 millivolts that exists across the nerve cell membrane is caused by the

Accepted Answer

A)  depolarization of the cell membrane. 
B)  active transport of sodium ions out of the cell. 
C)  diffusion of potassium ions into the cell. 
D)  acetylcholine binding to the dendrite. 
A)  depolarization of the cell membrane. 
B)  active transport of sodium ions out of the cell. 
C)  diffusion of potassium ions into the cell. 
D)  acetylcholine binding to the dendrite.

Question 18

Skeletal muscle

Accepted Answer

A)  is involuntary. 
B)  is voluntary. 
C)  is able to stay contracted for long periods of time even if no additional nervous stimulation is received. 
D)  immediately lengthens following contraction. 
A)  is involuntary. 
B)  is voluntary. 
C)  is able to stay contracted for long periods of time even if no additional nervous stimulation is received. 
D)  immediately lengthens following contraction.

Question 19

Neurotransmitters like acetylcholine

Accepted Answer

A)  are manufactured in the synapse. 
B)  permanently attach to neuronal membranes. 
C)  are always present in the synapse. 
D)  stimulate neurons. 
A)  are manufactured in the synapse. 
B)  permanently attach to neuronal membranes. 
C)  are always present in the synapse. 
D)  stimulate neurons.

Question 20

Rods differ from cones in that

Accepted Answer

A)  cones are more sensitive. 
B)  rods respond to a broad spectrum of light wavelengths. 
C)  cones are widely dispersed in the retina. 
D)  rods are concentrated in the fovea centralis. 
A)  cones are more sensitive. 
B)  rods respond to a broad spectrum of light wavelengths. 
C)  cones are widely dispersed in the retina. 
D)  rods are concentrated in the fovea centralis.

Exam 26: The Bodys Control Mechanisms and Immunity

Calcium ions are involved in muscle contraction by

The sense of touch

The taste known as sour is caused by

The part of the brain that controls automatic functions such as breathing and heart rate is the

A synapse is

The ____ is not part of the middle ear.

The maintenance of a constant internal environment is

Muscle contractions are partially regulated by

In a muscle organ like the biceps muscle,

Communication between neurons is achieved by

The nerve impulse moves along the neuron because

Which of the following is not involved in the "taste" of food?

Depolarization of the nerve cell membrane occurs because

Growth of tissues is typically controlled by

Cardiac muscle

Smooth muscle

The voltage of 70 millivolts that exists across the nerve cell membrane is caused by the

Skeletal muscle

Neurotransmitters like acetylcholine

Rods differ from cones in that

What Is Biology

The Basics of Life: Chemistry

Organic Molecules: The Molecules of Life

Cell Structure and Function

Enzymes, Coenzymes, and Energy

Biochemical Pathways: Cellular Respiration

Biochemical Pathways: Photosynthesis

DNA and RNA: The Molecular Basis of Heredity

Cell Division: Proliferation and Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

Applications of Biotechnology

Diversity Within Species and Population Genetics

Evolution and Natural Selection

The Formation of Species and Evolutionary Change

Ecosystem Dynamics: The Flow of Energy and Matter

Community Interactions

Population Ecology

Evolutionary and Ecological Aspects of Behavior

The Origin of Life and the Evolution of Cells

The Classification and Evolution of Organisms

The Nature of Microorganisms

The Plant Kingdom

The Animal Kingdom

Materials Exchange in the Body

Nutrition: Food and Diet

Human Reproduction, Sex, and Sexuality

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