Question 1

A food web is

Accepted Answer

A)  a long food chain. 
B)  several food chains that intersect. 
C)  a trap to catch food. 
D)  a complicated series of passages of energy via the first law of thermodynamics. 
A)  a long food chain. 
B)  several food chains that intersect. 
C)  a trap to catch food. 
D)  a complicated series of passages of energy via the first law of thermodynamics.

Question 2

This is defined as the rate at which an ecosystem can accumulate new organic matter.

Accepted Answer

A)  productivity 
B)  assimilation 
C)  energy cycling 
D)  thermodynamics 
A)  productivity 
B)  assimilation 
C)  energy cycling 
D)  thermodynamics

Question 3

Decomposers

Accepted Answer

A)  are unimportant links in a food web. 
B)  recycle organic to inorganic compounds. 
C)  cause disease and destruction. 
D)  require a source of light energy. 
A)  are unimportant links in a food web. 
B)  recycle organic to inorganic compounds. 
C)  cause disease and destruction. 
D)  require a source of light energy.

Question 4

People who live in poor countries have diets that are made up primarily of plant materials. This is because

Accepted Answer

A)  plant foods are less expensive than are animal foods. 
B)  many calories would be lost if they fed plants to animals. 
C)  more people can be supported at the herbivore level than at the carnivore level. 
D)  All of these answers are true. 
A)  plant foods are less expensive than are animal foods. 
B)  many calories would be lost if they fed plants to animals. 
C)  more people can be supported at the herbivore level than at the carnivore level. 
D)  All of these answers are true.

Question 5

Ammonia (NH3) is converted to nitrite (--NO2) by

Accepted Answer

A)  decomposers. 
B)  nitrogen-fixing bacteria. 
C)  nitrifying bacteria. 
D)  denitrifying bacteria. 
A)  decomposers. 
B)  nitrogen-fixing bacteria. 
C)  nitrifying bacteria. 
D)  denitrifying bacteria.

Question 6

The hydrologic cycle involves

Accepted Answer

A)  the formation of water molecules from hydrogen and oxygen in the atmosphere. 
B)  the manufacture of water during photosynthesis in plants. 
C)  the consumption of water during aerobic cellular respiration. 
D)  None of these answers is correct. 
A)  the formation of water molecules from hydrogen and oxygen in the atmosphere. 
B)  the manufacture of water during photosynthesis in plants. 
C)  the consumption of water during aerobic cellular respiration. 
D)  None of these answers is correct.

Question 7

All food chains begin with a

Accepted Answer

A)  herbivore. 
B)  carnivore. 
C)  producer. 
D)  decomposer. 
A)  herbivore. 
B)  carnivore. 
C)  producer. 
D)  decomposer.

Question 8

Which of the following would be a primary consumer?

Accepted Answer

A)  tree 
B)  decomposer 
C)  carnivore 
D)  herbivore 
A)  tree 
B)  decomposer 
C)  carnivore 
D)  herbivore

Question 9

In the phosphorus cycle the ultimate source of phosphorus is

Accepted Answer

A)  rock. 
B)  dead organisms. 
C)  plants. 
D)  the sun. 
A)  rock. 
B)  dead organisms. 
C)  plants. 
D)  the sun.

Question 10

Energy is lost as one proceeds from the producer to herbivore trophic level because:

Accepted Answer

A)  herbivores must expend energy to chew and process food. 
B)  of the second law of thermodynamics. 
C)  herbivores lose heat to their surroundings. 
D)  All of the above are correct. 
A)  herbivores must expend energy to chew and process food. 
B)  of the second law of thermodynamics. 
C)  herbivores lose heat to their surroundings. 
D)  All of the above are correct.

Question 11

Which is a food chain?

Accepted Answer

A)  grass-grasshopper-horse 
B)  fish-grasshopper-snake 
C)  light-grass-human 
D)  grass-cow-human 
A)  grass-grasshopper-horse 
B)  fish-grasshopper-snake 
C)  light-grass-human 
D)  grass-cow-human

Question 12

The nutrient that is in short supply for many people of the world is

Accepted Answer

A)  protein. 
B)  calories. 
C)  fat. 
D)  water. 
A)  protein. 
B)  calories. 
C)  fat. 
D)  water.

Question 13

In places where large numbers of seabirds or bats congregate for hundreds of years, the thick deposits of their droppings (called guano) can be a significant source of

Accepted Answer

A)  helium. 
B)  cyanide. 
C)  carbon. 
D)  phosphorus. 
A)  helium. 
B)  cyanide. 
C)  carbon. 
D)  phosphorus.

Question 14

If 100,000 units of energy are contained within the trees in the diagram above, ____ units of energy are stored within the ___.

Accepted Answer

A)  1,000; spiders 
B)  10; humans 
C)  100; fish 
D)  1,000; frogs 
A)  1,000; spiders 
B)  10; humans 
C)  100; fish 
D)  1,000; frogs

Question 15

The difference between an ecosystem and a community is that the ecosystem has something a community does not have; the ecosystem has

Accepted Answer

A)  producers. 
B)  consumers. 
C)  nonliving parts. 
D)  interacting species. 
A)  producers. 
B)  consumers. 
C)  nonliving parts. 
D)  interacting species.

Question 16

The ____ in the diagram above is a tertiary consumer.

Accepted Answer

A)  spider 
B)  frog 
C)  fish 
D)  human 
A)  spider 
B)  frog 
C)  fish 
D)  human

Question 17

Which of the following can serve as a direct source of nitrogen for plants?

Accepted Answer

A)  nitrogen gas in the air 
B)  amino acids in dead organisms 
C)  ammonia from the decomposition of dead organisms 
D)  denitrifying bacteria in the soil 
A)  nitrogen gas in the air 
B)  amino acids in dead organisms 
C)  ammonia from the decomposition of dead organisms 
D)  denitrifying bacteria in the soil

Exam 15: Ecosystem Dynamics: The Flow of Energy and Matter

A food web is

This is defined as the rate at which an ecosystem can accumulate new organic matter.

Decomposers

People who live in poor countries have diets that are made up primarily of plant materials. This is because

Ammonia (NH3) is converted to nitrite (--NO2) by

The hydrologic cycle involves

All food chains begin with a

Which of the following would be a primary consumer?

In the phosphorus cycle the ultimate source of phosphorus is

Energy is lost as one proceeds from the producer to herbivore trophic level because:

Which is a food chain?

The nutrient that is in short supply for many people of the world is

In places where large numbers of seabirds or bats congregate for hundreds of years, the thick deposits of their droppings (called guano) can be a significant source of

If 100,000 units of energy are contained within the trees in the diagram above, ____ units of energy are stored within the ___.

The difference between an ecosystem and a community is that the ecosystem has something a community does not have; the ecosystem has

The ____ in the diagram above is a tertiary consumer.

Which of the following can serve as a direct source of nitrogen for plants?

What Is Biology

The Basics of Life: Chemistry

Organic Molecules: The Molecules of Life

Cell Structure and Function

Enzymes, Coenzymes, and Energy

Biochemical Pathways: Cellular Respiration

Biochemical Pathways: Photosynthesis

DNA and RNA: The Molecular Basis of Heredity

Cell Division: Proliferation and Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

Applications of Biotechnology

Diversity Within Species and Population Genetics

Evolution and Natural Selection

The Formation of Species and Evolutionary Change

Community Interactions

Population Ecology

Evolutionary and Ecological Aspects of Behavior

The Origin of Life and the Evolution of Cells

The Classification and Evolution of Organisms

The Nature of Microorganisms

The Plant Kingdom

The Animal Kingdom

Materials Exchange in the Body

Nutrition: Food and Diet

The Bodys Control Mechanisms and Immunity

Human Reproduction, Sex, and Sexuality

Filters

Ammonia (NH₃) is converted to nitrite (--NO₂) by

If 100,000 units of energy are contained within the trees in the diagram above, __ units of energy are stored within the _.