Exam 9: Measures of Association for Variables Measured at the Ordinal Level

Which of the following is a violation of the assumptions of a test of statistical significance for gamma?

Which of the following statistics has a PRE (proportional reduction in error) interpretation?

Scales have been administered to 11 employees of a large corporation to measure their job satisfaction (25-point scale) and the prestige (100-point scale) of their occupations. Higher scores indicate greater satisfaction and more prestige. Calculate Spearman's rho and write a sentence or two analyzing the strength and direction of the relationship.

A researcher interviews the mayors of nine Canadian cities. She wants to determine whether size of the city (small, medium, or large) is associated with its mayor's assessment of clinic availability (unsuitable, acceptable, excellent). -Refer to the scenario. Which of the following would be an ideal measure of association to calculate if the researcher re-did the study with 100 cities, and decided to measure size of city with five categories (very large, large, medium, small, very small) rather than three?

In a large sample of Canadians, adults in higher social classes (e.g., upper-middle class) are more likely to report exercising on a daily basis than on a monthly basis. Adults in lower social classes (e.g., working class) are more likely to report exercising on a monthly basis than on a daily basis. What best characterizes this association?

A teacher asks his students to rate the difficulty of tests in his class from 1 to 10, and overall satisfaction with the class from 1 to 10. He thinks that students finding the tests less difficult will tend to be more satisfied with their experience in the class. What would be the ideal measure of association to test this idea?

In the formula for gamma, what does n_d represent?

There are many statistics for the association between two ordinal variables. Briefly explain what considerations determine which one is appropriate.

-Refer to the table. What should the sum of the D column be?

Is there an association between life satisfaction and sexual frequency? Calculate percentages and Kendall's tau-b for the table below and write a sentence or two assessing the strength and direction of the relationship.

A researcher interviews the mayors of nine Canadian cities. She wants to determine whether size of the city (small, medium, or large) is associated with its mayor's assessment of clinic availability (unsuitable, acceptable, excellent). -Refer to the scenario. How many unique pairs are there for calculating the measure of association?

Why are chi square tests not ideal for testing the statistical significance of measures of association between ordinal variables?

What is indicated by the fact that a researcher found a gamma of +0.37 for a relationship involving education and public library use?

A researcher states a null hypothesis that the relationship between marital satisfaction and happiness is characterized by Spearman's rho = 0. What does the researcher need to assume about the sampling distribution of rho?

-Refer to the table. If we were to compute Spearman's rho, who would receive rank 1 for Y?

Which of these statements describes a symmetric measure of association?

A bivariate table has 115 pairs of cases ranked the same and 74 pairs of cases ranked dissimilarly. What could we conclude about the relationship in this table?

The table shows a relationship between length of residency in a low-income neighbourhood and support for a city's redevelopment plans for the neighbourhood. -Refer to the table. How should the relationship between residency and support be described?

Which of the following is a major difference between a "continuous ordinal variable" and a "collapsed ordinal variable"?

Which of the following is an appropriate measure of association for ordinal level variables with only a few categories or values?