Question 1

Which of these values of Spearman's rho indicates the strongest relationship between two ordinal variables?

Accepted Answer

A)  rho = 0.60 
B)  rho = 0.00 
C)  rho = -0.80 
D)  It is impossible to say. 
A)  rho = 0.60 
B)  rho = 0.00 
C)  rho = -0.80 
D)  It is impossible to say.

Question 2

What does a value of "0" indicate for gamma?

Accepted Answer

A)  There are more dissimilar pairs than similar pairs. 
B)  There are more similar pairs than dissimilar pairs. 
C)  There is an equal number of similar and dissimilar pairs. 
D)  There are no similar pairs. 
A)  There are more dissimilar pairs than similar pairs. 
B)  There are more similar pairs than dissimilar pairs. 
C)  There is an equal number of similar and dissimilar pairs. 
D)  There are no similar pairs.

Question 3

What is indicated by the fact that a researcher found a Kendall's tau-b of -0.45 for the relationship between social class and religious service attendance?

Accepted Answer

A)  that no relationship exists between these variables 
B)  that people from upper classes are less likely to attend religious services 
C)  that upper class people are more likely to attend religious services 
D)  that as social class increases so does religious service attendance 
A)  that no relationship exists between these variables 
B)  that people from upper classes are less likely to attend religious services 
C)  that upper class people are more likely to attend religious services 
D)  that as social class increases so does religious service attendance

Question 4

A sociologist wishes to assess the association between two ordinal variables, both consisting of 12 categories. The researcher decides to collapse the categories into a dichotomous form (categories 1-5 = "high" versus categories 6-12 = "low") and then produce a bivariate table. Is this a good idea?

Accepted Answer

A)  No. The researcher is left without statistical measures of association: Cramer's V or phi can no longer be used to assess bivariate association. 
B)  No. Information is thrown away: The researcher must assume that different scores within the "high" or "low" categories are not meaningful. 
C)  Yes. Measures for ordinal association cannot be used for variables with more than 10 variables. 
D)  Yes. If the researcher wishes to impose an arbitrary division point on a variable with many categories, it will greatly simplify the analysis. 
A)  No. The researcher is left without statistical measures of association: Cramer's V or phi can no longer be used to assess bivariate association. 
B)  No. Information is thrown away: The researcher must assume that different scores within the "high" or "low" categories are not meaningful. 
C)  Yes. Measures for ordinal association cannot be used for variables with more than 10 variables. 
D)  Yes. If the researcher wishes to impose an arbitrary division point on a variable with many categories, it will greatly simplify the analysis.

Question 5

What is the range of Somers' d?

Accepted Answer

A)  -1 to +1 
B)  0 to -1 
C)  0 to 1 
D)  1 to 100 
A)  -1 to +1 
B)  0 to -1 
C)  0 to 1 
D)  1 to 100

Question 6

Which of the following could be concluded if a researcher rejects the null hypothesis in a test of significance for a Spearman's rho?

Accepted Answer

A)  that the variables are likely related in the population 
B)  that the relationship between the variables is negative 
C)  that no inference can be made about the relationship of the two variables in the population 
D)  that the relationship exists but its direction and strength are unknown 
A)  that the variables are likely related in the population 
B)  that the relationship between the variables is negative 
C)  that no inference can be made about the relationship of the two variables in the population 
D)  that the relationship exists but its direction and strength are unknown

Question 7

A researcher has computed a Somers' d of -0.75 between marital happiness and number of children. What can be concluded from this result?

Accepted Answer

A)  that families with more children are happier 
B)  that children have a strong, positive influence on levels of marital happiness 
C)  that number of children and marital happiness are causally related 
D)  that there is a strong, negative relationship between number of children and marital happiness 
A)  that families with more children are happier 
B)  that children have a strong, positive influence on levels of marital happiness 
C)  that number of children and marital happiness are causally related 
D)  that there is a strong, negative relationship between number of children and marital happiness

Question 8

Which of the following is a limitation of gamma?

Accepted Answer

A)  It ignores pairs that are tied and can inflate the estimate of association. 
B)  It fails to tell us whether values of X help predict values of Y. 
C)  It is not on a clearly interpretable 0 to ±1 scale like other measures of association. 
D)  It has a more complicated formula than Kendall's tau-b and Somers' d. 
A)  It ignores pairs that are tied and can inflate the estimate of association. 
B)  It fails to tell us whether values of X help predict values of Y. 
C)  It is not on a clearly interpretable 0 to ±1 scale like other measures of association. 
D)  It has a more complicated formula than Kendall's tau-b and Somers' d.

Question 9

What is the first step for calculating Spearman's rho?

Accepted Answer

A)  calculating the range for each variable 
B)  calculating the range for each variable and dividing by 2 
C)  calculating the average value for each variable 
D)  ranking the scores from each variable from high to low 
A)  calculating the range for each variable 
B)  calculating the range for each variable and dividing by 2 
C)  calculating the average value for each variable 
D)  ranking the scores from each variable from high to low

Question 10

In the formula for gamma, what does ns represent?

Accepted Answer

A)  the number of pairs of cases that have the same score 
B)  the number of pairs of cases in all similar cells 
C)  the number of pairs of cases ranked the same on both variables 
D)  the number of pairs of cases in all cells 
A)  the number of pairs of cases that have the same score 
B)  the number of pairs of cases in all similar cells 
C)  the number of pairs of cases ranked the same on both variables 
D)  the number of pairs of cases in all cells

Which of these values of Spearman's rho indicates the strongest relationship between two ordinal variables?

What does a value of "0" indicate for gamma?

What is indicated by the fact that a researcher found a Kendall's tau-b of -0.45 for the relationship between social class and religious service attendance?

A sociologist wishes to assess the association between two ordinal variables, both consisting of 12 categories. The researcher decides to collapse the categories into a dichotomous form (categories 1-5 = "high" versus categories 6-12 = "low") and then produce a bivariate table. Is this a good idea?

What is the range of Somers' d?

Which of the following could be concluded if a researcher rejects the null hypothesis in a test of significance for a Spearman's rho?

A researcher has computed a Somers' d of -0.75 between marital happiness and number of children. What can be concluded from this result?

Which of the following is a limitation of gamma?

What is the first step for calculating Spearman's rho?

In the formula for gamma, what does n_s represent?

Introduction

Basic Descriptive Statistics: Percentages, Ratios and Rates, Tables, Charts, and Graphs

Measures of Central Tendency and Dispersion

The Normal Curve

Introduction to Inferential Statistics: Sampling and the Sampling Distribution

Estimation Procedures for Sample Means and Proportions

Hypothesis Testing With Nominal and Ordinal Variables: CHI Square

Measures of Association for Variables Measured at the Nominal Level

Hypothesis Testing With Means and Proportions: The One-Sample Case

Hypothesis Testing With Means and Proportions: The Two-Sample Case

Hypothesis Testing With More Than Two Means: One-Way Analysis of Variance

Hypothesis Testing and Measures of Association for Variables Measured at the Interval-Ratio Level

Partial Correlation and Multiple Regression and Correlation

Filters

Exam 9: Measures of Association for Variables Measured at the Ordinal Level

Which of these values of Spearman's rho indicates the strongest relationship between two ordinal variables?

What does a value of "0" indicate for gamma?

What is indicated by the fact that a researcher found a Kendall's tau-b of -0.45 for the relationship between social class and religious service attendance?

A sociologist wishes to assess the association between two ordinal variables, both consisting of 12 categories. The researcher decides to collapse the categories into a dichotomous form (categories 1-5 = "high" versus categories 6-12 = "low") and then produce a bivariate table. Is this a good idea?

What is the range of Somers' d?

Which of the following could be concluded if a researcher rejects the null hypothesis in a test of significance for a Spearman's rho?

A researcher has computed a Somers' d of -0.75 between marital happiness and number of children. What can be concluded from this result?

Which of the following is a limitation of gamma?

What is the first step for calculating Spearman's rho?

In the formula for gamma, what does ns represent?

Introduction

Basic Descriptive Statistics: Percentages, Ratios and Rates, Tables, Charts, and Graphs

Measures of Central Tendency and Dispersion

The Normal Curve

Introduction to Inferential Statistics: Sampling and the Sampling Distribution

Estimation Procedures for Sample Means and Proportions

Hypothesis Testing With Nominal and Ordinal Variables: CHI Square

Measures of Association for Variables Measured at the Nominal Level

Hypothesis Testing With Means and Proportions: The One-Sample Case

Hypothesis Testing With Means and Proportions: The Two-Sample Case

Hypothesis Testing With More Than Two Means: One-Way Analysis of Variance

Hypothesis Testing and Measures of Association for Variables Measured at the Interval-Ratio Level

Partial Correlation and Multiple Regression and Correlation

Filters

In the formula for gamma, what does n_s represent?