Question 1

Why must we typically use the formula   
instead of using ó1 and ó2 when conducting a two-sample hypothesis test?

Accepted Answer

A)  because the standard deviations from the relevant populations (ó1 and ó2) are seldom known 
B)  because ó1 and ó2 are based on the sampling distribution, which is biased 
C)  because ó1 and ó2 can be used only for nominal level variables 
D)  because ó1 and ó2 increase the risk of Type I error 
A)  because the standard deviations from the relevant populations (ó1 and ó2) are seldom known 
B)  because ó1 and ó2 are based on the sampling distribution, which is biased 
C)  because ó1 and ó2 can be used only for nominal level variables 
D)  because ó1 and ó2 increase the risk of Type I error

Question 2

Which of the following describes the situation when confidence intervals and the formal hypothesis testing procedure always lead to the same conclusion?

Accepted Answer

A)  when confidence intervals between two groups do not overlap 
B)  when confidence intervals between two groups overlap 
C)  when both samples are bigger than n = 100 
D)  when both samples have equal variances 
A)  when confidence intervals between two groups do not overlap 
B)  when confidence intervals between two groups overlap 
C)  when both samples are bigger than n = 100 
D)  when both samples have equal variances

Question 3

When testing for the significance of the difference between two sample means, which of the following is used to estimate the standard deviation of the sampling distribution?

Accepted Answer

A)  sample standard deviations corrected for bias 
B)  the standard error of the means 
C)  population standard deviations 
D)  degrees of freedom 
A)  sample standard deviations corrected for bias 
B)  the standard error of the means 
C)  population standard deviations 
D)  degrees of freedom

Question 4

A sample is gathered from one country, and a second sample is gathered from another country. If the sampling conducted from country 1 had no bearing on the sampling conducted in country 2, what would we call this?

Accepted Answer

A)  independent random sampling 
B)  dependent random sampling 
C)  pooled hypothesis sampling 
D)  alpha random sampling 
A)  independent random sampling 
B)  dependent random sampling 
C)  pooled hypothesis sampling 
D)  alpha random sampling

Question 5

Educational researchers wish to compare students from two school districts (Brownsville School District and Midlands School District) on their levels of scientific literacy. They provide all students with the same test and calculate average scores for each sample. What would be an appropriate null hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  The sample of Midlands students are no different from the sample of Brownsville students. 
B)  Mean levels of scientific literacy are equal across both school districts. 
C)  Mean levels of scientific literacy are equal across both samples. 
D)  The population variance for scientific literacy is equal across both school districts. 
A)  The sample of Midlands students are no different from the sample of Brownsville students. 
B)  Mean levels of scientific literacy are equal across both school districts. 
C)  Mean levels of scientific literacy are equal across both samples. 
D)  The population variance for scientific literacy is equal across both school districts.

Question 6

Demographers test whether immigrants or native-born Canadians have higher fertility rates. They obtain sample statistics from both populations and obtain a Z (obtained) score of 2.02 in the comparison of means. Under what conditions could they reject the null hypothesis, assuming a two-tailed test?

Accepted Answer

A)  only if alpha was set at 0.05: Z (critical) = ±1.96 
B)  only if alpha was set at 0.01: Z (critical) = ±2.33 
C)  only if alpha was set at 0.001: Z (critical) = ±2.58 
D)  The null hypothesis would be rejected at any alpha value. 
A)  only if alpha was set at 0.05: Z (critical) = ±1.96 
B)  only if alpha was set at 0.01: Z (critical) = ±2.33 
C)  only if alpha was set at 0.001: Z (critical) = ±2.58 
D)  The null hypothesis would be rejected at any alpha value.

Question 7

When conducting a two-sample test of proportion differences, what must be calculated first in order to obtain a value for the standard deviation of the sampling distribution?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pu: an estimate of the overall population proportion 
B)  Z (obtained): the test statistic used to evaluate the null hypothesis 
C)  Z (critical): the area on the x-axis of the curve demarcating the critical region 
D)  alpha: the threshold of error deemed appropriate for the test 
A)  Pu: an estimate of the overall population proportion 
B)  Z (obtained): the test statistic used to evaluate the null hypothesis 
C)  Z (critical): the area on the x-axis of the curve demarcating the critical region 
D)  alpha: the threshold of error deemed appropriate for the test

Question 8

Random samples of persons living in urban and suburban areas have been given a scale that measures their support for gun control. Persons residing in urban areas average 10.2 with a standard deviation of 5.3. Persons residing in suburban areas also average 10.2, but the standard deviation is 1.8. What is the appropriate way to deal with these results?

Accepted Answer

A)  Do not conduct any tests: because the sample means are the same value, these results cannot be significant. 
B)  Test the difference in the sample means for statistical significance. 
C)  Use a test of significance with a very high alpha level (á > 0.10). 
D)  Use a one-tailed test of significance. 
A)  Do not conduct any tests: because the sample means are the same value, these results cannot be significant. 
B)  Test the difference in the sample means for statistical significance. 
C)  Use a test of significance with a very high alpha level (á > 0.10). 
D)  Use a one-tailed test of significance.

Question 9

Which population parameter is assumed to be approximately equal for a two-sample hypothesis test using the t distribution?

Accepted Answer

A)  population means 
B)  population variances 
C)  sampling distributions 
D)  population sizes 
A)  population means 
B)  population variances 
C)  sampling distributions 
D)  population sizes

Question 10

A sociologist thinks that politically liberal Canadians are more likely to support late-term abortions than are politically conservative Canadians. If this idea was to be formally tested as a one-tailed hypothesis test, what would be the null hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  A higher proportion of liberals than conservatives support late-term abortions. 
B)  A higher proportion of conservatives than liberals support late-term abortions. 
C)  A lower proportion of conservatives than liberals support late-term abortions. 
D)  The proportions of liberals and conservatives supporting late-term abortions are equal. 
A)  A higher proportion of liberals than conservatives support late-term abortions. 
B)  A higher proportion of conservatives than liberals support late-term abortions. 
C)  A lower proportion of conservatives than liberals support late-term abortions. 
D)  The proportions of liberals and conservatives supporting late-term abortions are equal.

Question 11

A scale measuring approval of Canada's health score system was administered to a sample. Does a statistically significant difference exist between health care workers and those who do not work in the health care field? Higher scores indicate greater confidence. Use the five-step model and an alpha level of 0.05 and write a sentence or two interpreting your results.

Accepted Answer

@#IMG-DLM& Comparing the test statistic with the c

Why must we typically use the formula instead of using ó₁ and ó₂ when conducting a two-sample hypothesis test?

Which of the following describes the situation when confidence intervals and the formal hypothesis testing procedure always lead to the same conclusion?

When testing for the significance of the difference between two sample means, which of the following is used to estimate the standard deviation of the sampling distribution?

A sample is gathered from one country, and a second sample is gathered from another country. If the sampling conducted from country 1 had no bearing on the sampling conducted in country 2, what would we call this?

Demographers test whether immigrants or native-born Canadians have higher fertility rates. They obtain sample statistics from both populations and obtain a Z (obtained) score of 2.02 in the comparison of means. Under what conditions could they reject the null hypothesis, assuming a two-tailed test?

When conducting a two-sample test of proportion differences, what must be calculated first in order to obtain a value for the standard deviation of the sampling distribution?

Which population parameter is assumed to be approximately equal for a two-sample hypothesis test using the t distribution?

A sociologist thinks that politically liberal Canadians are more likely to support late-term abortions than are politically conservative Canadians. If this idea was to be formally tested as a one-tailed hypothesis test, what would be the null hypothesis?

Introduction

Basic Descriptive Statistics: Percentages, Ratios and Rates, Tables, Charts, and Graphs

Measures of Central Tendency and Dispersion

The Normal Curve

Introduction to Inferential Statistics: Sampling and the Sampling Distribution

Estimation Procedures for Sample Means and Proportions

Hypothesis Testing With Nominal and Ordinal Variables: CHI Square

Measures of Association for Variables Measured at the Nominal Level

Measures of Association for Variables Measured at the Ordinal Level

Hypothesis Testing With Means and Proportions: The One-Sample Case

Hypothesis Testing With More Than Two Means: One-Way Analysis of Variance

Hypothesis Testing and Measures of Association for Variables Measured at the Interval-Ratio Level

Partial Correlation and Multiple Regression and Correlation

Filters

Exam 11: Hypothesis Testing With Means and Proportions: The Two-Sample Case

Why must we typically use the formula instead of using ó1 and ó2 when conducting a two-sample hypothesis test?

Which of the following describes the situation when confidence intervals and the formal hypothesis testing procedure always lead to the same conclusion?

When testing for the significance of the difference between two sample means, which of the following is used to estimate the standard deviation of the sampling distribution?

A sample is gathered from one country, and a second sample is gathered from another country. If the sampling conducted from country 1 had no bearing on the sampling conducted in country 2, what would we call this?

Demographers test whether immigrants or native-born Canadians have higher fertility rates. They obtain sample statistics from both populations and obtain a Z (obtained) score of 2.02 in the comparison of means. Under what conditions could they reject the null hypothesis, assuming a two-tailed test?

When conducting a two-sample test of proportion differences, what must be calculated first in order to obtain a value for the standard deviation of the sampling distribution?

Which population parameter is assumed to be approximately equal for a two-sample hypothesis test using the t distribution?

A sociologist thinks that politically liberal Canadians are more likely to support late-term abortions than are politically conservative Canadians. If this idea was to be formally tested as a one-tailed hypothesis test, what would be the null hypothesis?

Introduction

Basic Descriptive Statistics: Percentages, Ratios and Rates, Tables, Charts, and Graphs

Measures of Central Tendency and Dispersion

The Normal Curve

Introduction to Inferential Statistics: Sampling and the Sampling Distribution

Estimation Procedures for Sample Means and Proportions

Hypothesis Testing With Nominal and Ordinal Variables: CHI Square

Measures of Association for Variables Measured at the Nominal Level

Measures of Association for Variables Measured at the Ordinal Level

Hypothesis Testing With Means and Proportions: The One-Sample Case

Hypothesis Testing With More Than Two Means: One-Way Analysis of Variance

Hypothesis Testing and Measures of Association for Variables Measured at the Interval-Ratio Level

Partial Correlation and Multiple Regression and Correlation

Filters

Why must we typically use the formula instead of using ó₁ and ó₂ when conducting a two-sample hypothesis test?