Question 1

What is the competence of a stream, and on what does it depend?

Accepted Answer

The competence is the measure

Question 2

Using the concept of a graded stream, describe how a stream whose profile has been faulted will respond to the faulting. Assume it is a normal fault with the downthrown block on the downstream half of the profile.

Accepted Answer

The fault scarp itself is now part of th

Question 3

You are in charge of designing an artificial stream channel to move a certain amount of water which is carrying sediment. At one point along the channel, more water will be added from a side stream.(a) Will the capacity of the main channel be affected? Explain.(b) Can you design the channel so that the competence will not be affected? Explain.

Accepted Answer

(a) Yes. Capacity depends on discharge,

Question 4

A 10 year-flood occurs every ten years.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Briefly explain why a dam can create a temporary base level, and what effects this base level can have on the stream system both above and below the dam.

Accepted Answer

A dam decreases the velocity of stream w

Question 6

The gradient of a stream does not change over the length of the stream.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Briefly explain how a streams' capacity differs from its competency.

Accepted Answer

Capacity is the volume of material a str

Question 8

A 10-year flood could occur in two consecutive years or it could occur once in a 20 year period.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Briefly explain why a stream with a semi-circular channel has a higher average velocity than a stream with a rectangular or v-shaped channel, all other factors being equal.

Accepted Answer

A semi-circular channel has a

Question 10

What is meant by the term runoff?

Accepted Answer

water which returns

Question 11

Streamflow is generally laminar.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

A small, slow-flowing stream would generally have

Accepted Answer

A)  low competence and low capacity 
B)  low competence and high capacity 
C)  high competence and low capacity 
D)  high competence and high capacity 
A)  low competence and low capacity 
B)  low competence and high capacity 
C)  high competence and low capacity 
D)  high competence and high capacity

Question 13

Approximately what percentage of a stream's kinetic energy may be available to erode and transport sediment?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Approximately what percentage of a stream's kinetic...

Question 14

The gradient of streams tends to be (steeper, gentler)___________ in their upper reaches, and (steeper, gentler) ___________in their lower reaches.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The gradient of streams tends to be...

Question 15

What is the primary factor that determines whether water moves by turbulent vs. laminar flow?

Accepted Answer

the veloci

Question 16

Runoff occurs when the rate of rainfall is greater than the infiltration capacity of the soil on which it is falling.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Which of the following describes a well-developed or "old"stream valley?

Accepted Answer

A)  valleys are v-shaped and narrow with an irregular profile 
B)  streams meander with a narrow floodplain and relatively smooth profile 
C)  a broad, flat floodplain with a meandering stream, oxbow lakes, and a graded profile 
D)  none of the above 
A)  valleys are v-shaped and narrow with an irregular profile 
B)  streams meander with a narrow floodplain and relatively smooth profile 
C)  a broad, flat floodplain with a meandering stream, oxbow lakes, and a graded profile 
D)  none of the above

Question 18

What are the two categories of the solid load of a stream?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are the two categories of the...

Question 19

A v-shaped cross section and an irregular profile characterize a well-developed or "old"valley.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

That there is no mixing between parallel layers in the water is characteristic of___________ flow.

Accepted Answer

The answer of That there is no mixing between parallel...

What is the competence of a stream, and on what does it depend?

Using the concept of a graded stream, describe how a stream whose profile has been faulted will respond to the faulting. Assume it is a normal fault with the downthrown block on the downstream half of the profile.

A 10 year-flood occurs every ten years.

Briefly explain why a dam can create a temporary base level, and what effects this base level can have on the stream system both above and below the dam.

The gradient of a stream does not change over the length of the stream.

Briefly explain how a streams' capacity differs from its competency.

A 10-year flood could occur in two consecutive years or it could occur once in a 20 year period.

Briefly explain why a stream with a semi-circular channel has a higher average velocity than a stream with a rectangular or v-shaped channel, all other factors being equal.

What is meant by the term runoff?

Streamflow is generally laminar.

A small, slow-flowing stream would generally have

Approximately what percentage of a stream's kinetic energy may be available to erode and transport sediment?

The gradient of streams tends to be (steeper, gentler)_ in their upper reaches, and (steeper, gentler) _in their lower reaches.

What is the primary factor that determines whether water moves by turbulent vs. laminar flow?

Runoff occurs when the rate of rainfall is greater than the infiltration capacity of the soil on which it is falling.

Which of the following describes a well-developed or "old"stream valley?

What are the two categories of the solid load of a stream?

A v-shaped cross section and an irregular profile characterize a well-developed or "old"valley.

That there is no mixing between parallel layers in the water is characteristic of___________ flow.

Understanding Earth: A Dynamic and Evolving Planet

Plate Tectonics: A Unifying Theory

Minerals-The Building Blocks of Rocks

Igneous Rocks and Intrusive Igneous Activity

Volcanoes and Volcanism

Weathering, Erosion, and Soil

Sediment and Sedimentary Rocks

Metamorphism and Metamorphic Rocks

Geologic Time: Concepts and Principles

Earthquakes

Earths Interior

The Seafloor

Deformation, Mountain Building, and the Evolution of Continents

Mass Wasting

Groundwater

Glaciers and Glaciation

The Work of Winds and Deserts

Shorelines and Shoreline Processes

Geology and Humanity

Filters

Exam 15: Running Water

What is the competence of a stream, and on what does it depend?

Using the concept of a graded stream, describe how a stream whose profile has been faulted will respond to the faulting. Assume it is a normal fault with the downthrown block on the downstream half of the profile.

A 10 year-flood occurs every ten years.

Briefly explain why a dam can create a temporary base level, and what effects this base level can have on the stream system both above and below the dam.

The gradient of a stream does not change over the length of the stream.

Briefly explain how a streams' capacity differs from its competency.

A 10-year flood could occur in two consecutive years or it could occur once in a 20 year period.

Briefly explain why a stream with a semi-circular channel has a higher average velocity than a stream with a rectangular or v-shaped channel, all other factors being equal.

What is meant by the term runoff?

Streamflow is generally laminar.

A small, slow-flowing stream would generally have

Approximately what percentage of a stream's kinetic energy may be available to erode and transport sediment?

The gradient of streams tends to be (steeper, gentler)___________ in their upper reaches, and (steeper, gentler) ___________in their lower reaches.

What is the primary factor that determines whether water moves by turbulent vs. laminar flow?

Runoff occurs when the rate of rainfall is greater than the infiltration capacity of the soil on which it is falling.

Which of the following describes a well-developed or "old"stream valley?

What are the two categories of the solid load of a stream?

A v-shaped cross section and an irregular profile characterize a well-developed or "old"valley.

That there is no mixing between parallel layers in the water is characteristic of___________ flow.

Understanding Earth: A Dynamic and Evolving Planet

Plate Tectonics: A Unifying Theory

Minerals-The Building Blocks of Rocks

Igneous Rocks and Intrusive Igneous Activity

Volcanoes and Volcanism

Weathering, Erosion, and Soil

Sediment and Sedimentary Rocks

Metamorphism and Metamorphic Rocks

Geologic Time: Concepts and Principles

Earthquakes

Earths Interior

The Seafloor

Deformation, Mountain Building, and the Evolution of Continents

Mass Wasting

Groundwater

Glaciers and Glaciation

The Work of Winds and Deserts

Shorelines and Shoreline Processes

Geology and Humanity

Filters

The gradient of streams tends to be (steeper, gentler)_ in their upper reaches, and (steeper, gentler) _in their lower reaches.